Effect of substrate on fatty acid production in Nocardia asteroides

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Farshtchi ◽  
N. M. McClung
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Nocardia Asteroides ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
The Media ◽  
Branched Chain

Cellular fatty acids of the six Nocardia asteroides strains grown on glucose, glucose and amino acids, glycerol, and Dubos oleic albumin complex were determined by gas–liquid chromatography. Cells grown on each medium contained saturated, unsaturated, and branched-chain fatty acids. The fatty acids consisted of normal saturated C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, and C18; monoenoic C16 and C18; branched-chain C14, C15, and 10-methyl C18. Composition of the media affected cellular fatty acid content of N. asteroides strains qualitatively and quantitatively. Five of the six strains closely resembled each other, but one strain appeared to be different. The fatty acid pattern of Nocardia may be a useful criterion in differentiation of this genus from the closely related Mycobacterium and Streptomyces, which have a different fatty acid composition.

Cellular fatty acid comparison of strains of Corynebacterium michiganense subsp. sepedonicum from potato and sugar beet

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil C. Gudmestad ◽  
Paul J. Henningson ◽  
William M. Bugbee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Coryneform Bacteria

The cellular fatty acid composition of Corynebacterium michiganense subsp. sepedonicum strains recovered from potato and sugar beet hosts were determined using gas-liquid chromatography. Fatty acid profiles were compared to profiles from other plant pathogenic coryneform bacteria. The most prevalent fatty acids present in C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum were 12-methyl-tetradecanoic acid (a15:0), 14-methyl-hexadecanoic acid (a17:0), 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid (i16:0), 12-methyl-4-tetradecenoic acid (a15:1), hexadecanoic acid (16:0), cis-9-octadecenoic acid (18:1c), and cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (18:2). In addition, some strains contained smaller amounts of 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 carbon fatty acids. All strains of plant pathogenic coryneform bacteria tested could be differentiated on the basis of either total fatty acid content (qualitative) or by ratios of cellular fatty acids (relative quantitative differences), e.g., a15:0/i16:0, a17:0/i16:0, a15:0/a17:0, i16:0/a15:1, a15:1/16:0, and 16:0/18:1. Strains of C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum from sugar beet and potato were qualitatively and quantitatively very similar. On the basis of these results, it was clear that the endophytic strains of C.m. subsp. sepedonicum recovered from healthy sugar beets were indistinguishable from pathogenic strains recovered from potato. The bacteria from the two hosts should be considered as members of the same subspecies.

scholarly journals Applications of cellular fatty acid analysis.

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
D F Welch
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acids

More than ever, new technology is having an impact on the tools of clinical microbiologists. The analysis of cellular fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) has become markedly more practical with the advent of the fused-silica capillary column, computer-controlled chromatography and data analysis, simplified sample preparation, and a commercially available GLC system dedicated to microbiological applications. Experience with applications in diagnostic microbiology ranges from substantial success in work with mycobacteria, legionellae, and nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli to minimal involvement with fungi and other nonbacterial agents. GLC is a good alternative to other means for the identification of mycobacteria or legionellae because it is rapid, specific, and independent of other specialized testing, e.g., DNA hybridization. Nonfermenters show features in their cellular fatty acid content that are useful in identifying species and, in some cases, subspecies. Less frequently encountered nonfermenters, including those belonging to unclassified groups, can ideally be characterized by GLC. Information is just beginning to materialize on the usefulness of cellular fatty acids for the identification of gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes, despite the traditional role of GLC in detecting metabolic products as an aid to identification of anaerobes. When species identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci is called for, GLC may offer an alternative to biochemical testing. Methods for direct analysis of clinical material have been developed, but in practical and economic terms they are not yet ready for use in the clinical laboratory. Direct analysis holds promise for detecting markers of infection due to an uncultivable agent or in clinical specimens that presently require cultures and prolonged incubation to yield an etiologic agent.

EPTC Effects on Sicklepod Petiolar Fatty Acids

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Wilkinson ◽  
W. S. Hardcastle
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Herbicide Concentration ◽  
Cuticle Thickness ◽  
Derivatives Of

Total petiolar fatty acid content of sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL.) treated with 0, 0.14, 0.28, 0.56, 1.12, 2.24, or 4.48 kg/haS-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Neither total petiole fatty acid content nor percentages of the various 53 identified constituents changed in relation to herbicide application. Isostearate (17.5%), stearate (5.7%), oleate (5.7%), linolate (9.8%), and arachidate (8.2%) accounted for 46.9% of the total petiole fatty acid content. Anteiso derivatives of C15to C31were identified and quantitated at concentrations of 0.25 to 2.00%. Petiole cuticle thickness decreased 35% as herbicide concentration increased to 4.48 kg/ha.

METABOLIC PATTERNS OF THE FATTY ACIDS OF PERIPLANTETA AMERICANA (L.) DURING ITS EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Kinsella
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The fatty acid composition of the various lipid fractions of Periplanteta americana was analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography at successive stages during embryogenesis. Qualitative analysis revealed the presence of at least 30 fatty acids during all stages of the life cycle ranging in carbon chain length from C6 through C24. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids composed over 95% of the total fatty acids. The percentage distribution of major fatty acids remained constant throughout the life cycle. Total fatty acid content decreased by 28% during development mainly because of the catabolism of palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids. Fatty acid patterns suggest that partially hydrolyzed triglyceride molecules are converted to phospholipid molecules during development.

Incomplete fatty acid oxidation by ischemic heart: beta-hydroxy fatty acid production

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. H257-H265 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Moore ◽  
J. F. Radloff ◽  
F. E. Hull ◽  
C. C. Sweeley
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Exogenous Fatty Acid

A quantitative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method was developed to measure nanomolar quantities of long-chain saturated beta-hydroxy fatty acids (12, 14, 16, and 18 carbons long) produced by isolated ischemic heart. Only beta-hydroxymyristate (25-40 nmol/g dry) was found in fresh heart. Isolated rabbit heart perfused with fatty acid by the nonrecirculating Langendorff technique produced negligible beta-hydroxy fatty acids. Ischemic perfusion with 0.25-0.75 mM palmitate prompted heart beta-hydroxy fatty acid accumulation, beta-hydroxypalmitate greater than beta-hydroxystearate, up to 100 nmol x g dry-1 x 10 min-1. beta-Hydroxy fatty acid production was proportional to coronary effluent lactate-to pyruvate ratio, did not continue beyond 10 min of ischemia, was dependent on exogenous fatty acid, and was inhibited by coperfusion with 10 mM acetate. Reperfusion for 5-10 min dissipated accumulated beta-hydroxypalmitate. Hypoxic perfusion prompted beta-hydroxy fatty acid production comparable to that with severe ischemia. These data show that during oxygen deficiency heart fatty acid beta-oxidation is not only depressed but is also incomplete; beta-hydroxy fatty acyl intermediates accumulate and contribute to the increased intracellular fatty acid content characteristic of the ischemic myocardium.

scholarly journals Effect of fatty acid content on the level of cottonseed colonization by fungi

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aly Aly ◽  
Ezzat Hussein ◽  
Moawad Omar ◽  
Ibrahim El-Abbasi ◽  
Kamel Abd-Elsalam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Estimates

Effect of fatty acid content on the level of cottonseed colonization by fungiNon-sterilized seeds of 12 Egyptain cotton (Gossypium barbadenseL.) genotypes were examined for qualitative and quantitative estimates of seed-borne fungi.Rhizopus stolonifer(39.7%),Aspergillus niger(33.5%), andPenicilliumsp. (23.3%) were the most predominant fungi isolated from the seeds. Other fungi occurred at frequencies that ranged from 0.3 to 17.7%. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis of fatty acid composition of the seeds revealed the presence of the following fatty acids: caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, margaric, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic. The total mean percentage of the monounsaturated fatty acids was 59.11%, while that of the unsaturated fatty acids was 16.72%. Isolation frequencies ofAlternaria alternata, A. flavus, A. nigerwere not significantly correlated with the content of any fatty acid. Isolation frequencies of the other fungi were significantly correlated with the content of 1-2 fatty acids.Cladosporiumsp. was a notable exception because its isolation frequency was significantly correlated with the content of caproic (r= 0.926,p< 0.01), caprylic (r= 0.638,p< 0.05), palmitic (r= -0.586,p< 0.05), and linoleic acid (r= 0.917,p< 0.01). It was possible to group the isolated fungi into 5 distinct categories based on their sensitivity to the fatty acids (the magnitude ofR2 values). The results of the present investigation suggest that certain fatty acids regulate the colonization of cottonseed by fungi, and that the control of these fungi may be possible by modifying the fatty acid content of the seed.

Fatty acid composition and primer specificity of de novo fatty acid synthetase in Bacillus globispores, Bacillus insolitus, and Bacillus psychrophilus

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1634-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshi Kaneda ◽  
Eleanor J. Smith ◽  
Devarray N. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The fatty acid compositions of three psychrophilic species of Bacillus were determined by gas–liquid chromatography. The proportions of straight-chain fatty acids, branched-chain fatty acids, and unsaturated fatty acids were found to be 13.3, 86.7, and 26.1 % of the total cellular fatty acids for Bacillus globispores, 36.6, 63.4, and 25.1 % for Bacillus insolitus, and 6.9, 93.1, and 18.4% for Bacillus psychrophilus, respectively. In all three organisms the de novo fatty acid synthetase specificity towards acyl-CoA primers was butyryl-CoA > propionyl-CoA [Formula: see text] acetyl-CoA. This shows that B. insolitus, which has an unusually large proportion of straight-chain fatty acids for Bacillus, does not possess a different de novo fatty acid synthetase than the other two organisms. Therefore, the greater proportion of straight-chain fatty acids in B. insolitus may be explained by a large supply of straight-chain primer.

EPTC Effects on Total Leaflet Fatty Acids and Hydrocarbons

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Wilkinson ◽  
W. S. Hardcastle
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Herbicide Concentration ◽  
Cuticle Thickness ◽  
Long Chain

Total foliar fatty acid and hydrocarbon content of sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL.) treated with 0, 0.14, 0.28, 0.56, 1.12, 2.24, or 4.48 kg/haS-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Total leaflet fatty acid content increased at sublethal rates of the herbicide, but qualitative composition of the fatty acids was not affected. Percent of long chain alkane (≥ C28) content decreased as EPTC application rates increased. Palmitic (23.9%), stearic (9.1%), oleic (3.8%), linoleic (13.6%), and linolenic (33.2%) acids accounted for 83.6% of the total leaflet fatty acid content of sicklepod. Leaflet cuticle thickness of upper and lower epidermal layers decreased 15 and 20%, respectively, as herbicide concentration increased.

scholarly journals Effect of Aromatic Compounds on Cellular Fatty Acid Composition of Rhodococcus opacus

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 853-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Tsitko ◽  
Gennadi M. Zaitsev ◽  
Anatoli G. Lobanok ◽  
Mirja S. Salkinoja-Salonen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Rhodococcus Opacus ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Branched Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT In cells of Rhodococcus opacus GM-14, GM-29, and 1CP, the contents of branched (10-methyl) fatty acids increased from 3% to 15 to 34% of the total fatty acids when the cells were grown on benzene, phenol, 4-chlorophenol, chlorobenzene, or toluene as the sole source of carbon and energy, in comparison with cells grown on fructose. In addition, the content of trans-hexadecenoic acid increased from 5% to 8 to 18% with phenol or chlorophenol as the carbon source. The 10-methyl branched fatty acid content of R. opacus GM-14 cells increased in a dose-related manner following exposure to phenol or toluene when toluene was not utilized as the growth substrate. The results suggest that 10-methyl branched fatty acids may participate in the adaptation of R. opacus to lipophilic aromatic compounds.

Cellular fatty acids of nonpathogenic Neisseria

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1491-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Lambert ◽  
D. G. Hollis ◽  
C. W. Moss ◽  
R. E. Weaver ◽  
M. L. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
General Group ◽  
Neisseria Species

The cellular fatty acid composition of 33 strains representing 15 species of nonpathogenic Neisseria was examined by gas–liquid chromatography. Each isolate was characterized by standard biochemical and cultural methods. Media composition influenced both the qualitative and quantitative fatty acid content of some strains examined. However, on the basis of their fatty acid composition, the species formed the same general groups regardless of the media used. N. flavescens, N. canis, N. subflava, N. flava, N. sicca, N. perflava. N. cuniculi, N. mucosa, and N. cinerea formed one fairly homogeneous group with similar fatty acid composition. Palmitic, a monoenoic 16-carbon, a monoenoic 18-carbon, β-hydroxylauric, lauric, and myristic acids were the major fatty acids present and constituted 85–90% of the total fatty acids found. N. lactamicus grown in trypticase soy broth (TSB) could be included with this general group, but it differed from all other species when grown on plates of Difco GC medium base with 1% defined supplement (GCBDS). N. catarrhalis, N. caviae, and N. ovis formed a second homogeneous group which was characterized by the presence of decanoic acid in addition to the fatty acids found in the other species. The members of this second group were further characterized after growth on GCBDS plates by the presence of large amounts of monoenoic 17-carbon acid. N. denitrificans and N. haemolysans lacked β-hydroxylauric acid, a fatty acid which has been found in relatively large amounts in over 100 isolates of various Neisseria species examined in this laboratory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document