STUDIES ON DIACETYL BIOSYNTHESIS BY STREPTOCOCCUS DIACETILACTIS

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene W. Seitz ◽  
W. E. Sandine ◽  
P. R. Elliker ◽  
E. A. Day
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Cell Free Extract ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Butanediol Dehydrogenase

Resting cell and cell-free extract experiments demonstrated the presence of citritase, oxaloacetic acid decarboxylase, α-acetolactic acid decarboxylase, and pyruvic acid decarboxylase in Streptococcus diacelilactis. Results indicated that citric acid or pyruvic acid was converted to diacetyl and acetylmethylcarbinol with intermediate synthesis of α-acetolactic acid. Acetylmethylcarbinol also was synthesized by condensation of active and free acetaldehyde. Evidence was obtained for the presence of diacetyl reductase and a reversible 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase in cell-free extracts of S. diacetilactis. The data suggested that S. diacetilactis produced diacetyl from citrate with the intermediate production of oxaloacetate, pyruvate, and α-acetolactate in that order.

scholarly journals Application of 1H-NMR Metabolomics for the Discovery of Blood Plasma Biomarkers of a Mediterranean Diet

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Macias ◽  
Joseph Kirma ◽  
Ali Yilmaz ◽  
Sarah E. Moore ◽  
Michelle C. McKinley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Dietary Biomarkers ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sweet Foods ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern well-known for its benefits in disease prevention. Monitoring adherence to the MD could be improved by discovery of novel dietary biomarkers. The MEDiterranean Diet in Northern Ireland (MEDDINI) intervention study monitored the adherence of participants to the MD for up to 12 months. This investigation aimed to profile plasma metabolites, correlating each against the MD score of participants (n = 58). Based on an established 14-point scale MD score, subjects were classified into two groups (“low” and “high”). 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomic analysis found that citric acid was the most significant metabolite (p = 5.99 × 10−4*; q = 0.03), differing between ‘low’ and ‘high’. Furthermore, five additional metabolites significantly differed (p < 0.05; q < 0.35) between the two groups. Discriminatory metabolites included: citric acid, pyruvic acid, betaine, mannose, acetic acid and myo-inositol. Additionally, the top five most influential metabolites in multivariate models were also citric acid, pyruvic acid, betaine, mannose and myo-inositol. Metabolites significantly correlated with the consumption of certain food types. For example, citric acid positively correlated fruit, fruit juice and vegetable constituents of the diet, and negatively correlated with sweet foods alone or when combined with carbonated drinks. Citric acid was the best performing biomarker and this was enhanced by paired ratio with pyruvic acid. The present study demonstrates the utility of metabolomic profiling for effectively assessing adherence to MD and the discovery of novel dietary biomarkers.

scholarly journals Biological synthesis of oxaloacetic acid from pyruvic acid and carbon dioxide

1940 ◽  
Vol 34 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1383-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Krebs ◽  
L. V. Eggleston
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of Gallic Acid Decarboxylase from Pantoea agglomerans T71

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 4743-4747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Zeida ◽  
Marco Wieser ◽  
Toyokazu Yoshida ◽  
Tsuyoshi Sugio ◽  
Toru Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Cell Extract ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Oxygen Sensitive ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Plasma Emission Spectroscopy

ABSTRACT Oxygen-sensitive gallic acid decarboxylase from Pantoea(formerly Enterobacter) agglomerans T71 was purified from a cell extract after stabilization by reducing agents. This enzyme has a molecular mass of approximately 320 kDa and consists of six identical subunits. It is highly specific for gallic acid. Gallic acid decarboxylase is unique among similar decarboxylases in that it requires iron as a cofactor, as shown by plasma emission spectroscopy (which revealed an iron content of 0.8 mol per mol of enzyme subunit), spectrophotometric analysis (absorption shoulders at 398 and 472 nm), and inhibition of the enzyme activity by 2,2′-bipyridyl, o-phenanthroline, and EDTA. Another interesting feature of this strain is the fact that it contains a tannase, which is used together with the gallic acid decarboxylase in a two-enzyme resting cell bioconversion to synthesize valuable pyrogallol from readily available tannic acid.

THE NUTRITION OF VIBRIO COSTICOLUS: II. CYST(E)INE UTILIZATION

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
W. L. Flannery ◽  
S. N. Durio
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Sodium Chloride Concentration ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Essential Nutrient

The effect of cyst(e)ine and sodium chloride concentration on oxygen uptake, and hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, and pyruvic acid production by Vibrio costicolus is described. Added pyridoxal was unnecessary for maximum desulphydrase activity. Generally, oxidation curves of cyst(e)ine concentrations 4 μM or less were the customary type whereas curves which resulted from the oxidation of 6.25 μM cyst(e}ine and greater were of a type indicating accumulation of a product toxic to the system. This occurred in the presence of 1 M NaCl and the suppressed type of oxidation could be returned to normal by increasing the concentration of NaCl. Pyruvic acid accumulated in the flasks showing the suppressed type of oxidation curves, but did not accumulate in flasks showing customary oxidation curves. Pyruvic acid did not accumulate in flasks containing 6.25 μM cyst(e)ine if the sodium chloride concentration was increased to 1.5 M or greater. Pyruvic acid did accumulate with 3.125 μM cyst(e)ine if a citric acid cycle inhibitor (sodium fluoroacetate) was added to the flask contents. These studies suggest that the most likely pathway for the utilization of cyst(e)ine, an essential nutrient for V. costicolus, is its conversion to pyruvate to enter the citric acid cycle.

scholarly journals Rethinking the Citric Acid Cycle: Connecting Pyruvate Carboxylase and Citrate Synthase to the Flow of Energy and Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Dirk Roosterman ◽  
Graeme Stuart Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Pyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 ◽  
Original Concept

In 1937, Sir H. A Krebs first published the Citric Acid Cycle, a unidirectional cycle with carboxylic acids. The original concept of the Citric Acid Cycle from Krebs’ 1953 Nobel Prize lecture illustrates the unidirectional degradation of lactic acid to water, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Here, we add the heart lactate dehydrogenase•proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter 1 complex, connecting the original Citric Acid Cycle to the flow of energy and material. The heart lactate dehydrogenase•proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter 1 complex catalyses the first reaction of the Citric Acid Cycle, the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate, and thus secures the provision of pyruvic acid. In addition, we modify Krebs’ original concept by feeding the cycle with oxaloacetic acid. Our concept enables the integration of anabolic processes and allows adaption of the organism to recover ATP faster.

scholarly journals The production of pyruvic acid, oxaloacetic acid and α-oxoglutaric acid from glucose by tissue in culture

1959 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Abdel-Tawab ◽  
E. Broda ◽  
G. Kellner
Keyword(s):  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid
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