Bimolecular decarboxylative self-condensation of oxaloacetic acid to citrolyformic acid and its conversion by oxidative decarboxylation to citric acid

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (20) ◽  
pp. 3582-3585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Wiley ◽  
Ki Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxidative Decarboxylation ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid

Biosynthesis of 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-L-norvaline in Streptomyces akiyoshiensis

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1645-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. White ◽  
Kevin C. Smith ◽  
Alphonse C. DeMarco
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Oxidative Decarboxylation ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Carbon Precursor ◽  
Methyl Carbon ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Malonyl Coa

The biosynthesis of 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-L-norvaline (HON) in Streptomyces akiyoshiensis has been investigated using 13C-labelled substrates. Incorporations of 13C label from sodium [1-13C]-, [2-13C]-, and [1,2-13C2]acetate indicated that HON was formed from a four-carbon compound derived from the citric acid cycle and the methyl carbon of acetate. Feeding experiments using DL-[4-13C]- and DL-[2-13C,15N]aspartate demonstrated that aspartate served as the four-carbon precursor to HON. Both enantiomers of aspartate were metabolized by S. akiyoshiensis, but the D isomer was consumed at a slower rate. The distribution of 13C label in the intracellular L-glutamic acid isolated in these feeding experiments is consistent with the operation of the citric acid cycle in S. akiyoshiensis. A biosynthetic hypothesis that involves a condensation reaction between acetyl or malonyl CoA and the β-carboxyl group of aspartate, and subsequent oxidative decarboxylation, is proposed to account for the incorporation results. An analogous condensation step has been proposed for the biosynthesis of other natural products, including the carbapenem antibiotics. DL-[2-13C,15N]Aspartate was synthesized from [2-13C]diethylmalonate and potassium [15N]phthalimide via diethyl [2-13C,15N]phthalimidomalonate.

scholarly journals Linked cycles of oxidative decarboxylation of glyoxylate as protometabolic analogs of the citric acid cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Springsteen ◽  
Jayasudhan Reddy Yerabolu ◽  
Julia Nelson ◽  
Chandler Joel Rhea ◽  
Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Oxidative Decarboxylation ◽  
Acid Cycle

scholarly journals Rethinking the Citric Acid Cycle: Connecting Pyruvate Carboxylase and Citrate Synthase to the Flow of Energy and Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Dirk Roosterman ◽  
Graeme Stuart Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Pyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 ◽  
Original Concept

In 1937, Sir H. A Krebs first published the Citric Acid Cycle, a unidirectional cycle with carboxylic acids. The original concept of the Citric Acid Cycle from Krebs’ 1953 Nobel Prize lecture illustrates the unidirectional degradation of lactic acid to water, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Here, we add the heart lactate dehydrogenase•proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter 1 complex, connecting the original Citric Acid Cycle to the flow of energy and material. The heart lactate dehydrogenase•proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter 1 complex catalyses the first reaction of the Citric Acid Cycle, the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate, and thus secures the provision of pyruvic acid. In addition, we modify Krebs’ original concept by feeding the cycle with oxaloacetic acid. Our concept enables the integration of anabolic processes and allows adaption of the organism to recover ATP faster.

The Glyoxylate Shunt, 60 Years On

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen K. Dolan ◽  
Martin Welch
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Oxidative Decarboxylation ◽  
Glyoxylate Shunt ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
E Coli ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
The Tca Cycle

2017 marks the 60th anniversary of Krebs’ seminal paper on the glyoxylate shunt (and coincidentally, also the 80th anniversary of his discovery of the citric acid cycle). Sixty years on, we have witnessed substantial developments in our understanding of how flux is partitioned between the glyoxylate shunt and the oxidative decarboxylation steps of the citric acid cycle. The last decade has shown us that the beautifully elegant textbook mechanism that regulates carbon flux through the shunt in E. coli is an oversimplification of the situation in many other bacteria. The aim of this review is to assess how this new knowledge is impacting our understanding of flux control at the TCA cycle/glyoxylate shunt branch point in a wider range of genera, and to summarize recent findings implicating a role for the glyoxylate shunt in cellular functions other than metabolism.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of food constituents: Amino acids: 1. The glutamic acid and aspartic acid groups – a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. Velíšek ◽  
K. Cejpek
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Schemes

This review article gives a survey of principal pathways that lead to the biosynthesis of the proteinogenic amino acids of the glutamic acid group (glutamic acid, glutamine, proline, arginine) and aspartic acid group (aspartic acid, asparagine, threonine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine) starting with oxaloacetic acid from the citric acid cycle. There is an extensive use of reaction schemes, sequences, and mechanisms with the enzymes involved and detailed explanations using sound chemical principles and mechanisms.

STUDIES ON DIACETYL BIOSYNTHESIS BY STREPTOCOCCUS DIACETILACTIS

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene W. Seitz ◽  
W. E. Sandine ◽  
P. R. Elliker ◽  
E. A. Day
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Cell Free Extract ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Butanediol Dehydrogenase

Resting cell and cell-free extract experiments demonstrated the presence of citritase, oxaloacetic acid decarboxylase, α-acetolactic acid decarboxylase, and pyruvic acid decarboxylase in Streptococcus diacelilactis. Results indicated that citric acid or pyruvic acid was converted to diacetyl and acetylmethylcarbinol with intermediate synthesis of α-acetolactic acid. Acetylmethylcarbinol also was synthesized by condensation of active and free acetaldehyde. Evidence was obtained for the presence of diacetyl reductase and a reversible 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase in cell-free extracts of S. diacetilactis. The data suggested that S. diacetilactis produced diacetyl from citrate with the intermediate production of oxaloacetate, pyruvate, and α-acetolactate in that order.

Coadministration of citric acid allows oxytetracycline dose reduction in yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata infected with Vibrio anguillarum

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
K Akiyama ◽  
N Hirazawa ◽  
A Hatanaka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Seriola Quinqueradiata ◽  
Poor Efficacy

Oxytetracycline (OTC) has been commonly used as an effective antibiotic against various fish bacterial diseases, including vibriosis. In this study, the absorption-enhancing effect of citric acid on oral OTC pharmacokinetics and treatment of artificial Vibrio anguillarum infection was evaluated in juvenile yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata followed by serum OTC concentration analysis. When 25 mg kg-1 body weight (BW) OTC was administered in combination with 1250 mg kg-1 BW citric acid, the serum OTC concentration reached almost the same concentration as that of the group treated with 50 mg kg-1 BW OTC. This coadministration successfully suppressed mortality due to vibriosis similar to the group treated with 50 mg kg-1 BW OTC. Conversely, poor efficacy was observed when only 25 mg kg-1 BW OTC was administered. These results suggest that coadministration of citric acid can be beneficial in reducing the dose of OTC needed for effective treatment, and thus contributes to the goal of reduced use of this antibiotic in aquaculture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document