Strength of slotted tubular tension members

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 982-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J. Roger Cheng ◽  
G L Kulak ◽  
Heng-Aik Khoo
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Plastic Strain ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gusset Plates ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Lag Effect ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Tension Members ◽  
Hollow Structural Section

An experimental program and associated numerical analysis were undertaken to study the shear-lag effect in round hollow structural section (HSS) tension members that are welded to gusset plates at their ends. The connection is made by slotting the tube longitudinally, inserting the gusset plate, and then placing longitudinal fillet welds at the tube-gusset interface. A total of nine specimens with three different tube sizes (HSS 102 × 6.4, HSS 102 × 4.8, and HSS 219 × 8.0) and various weld lengths were tested in the program. Most of the specimens failed by fracture of the tube somewhere between the two gusset plates, and there was considerable ductility prior to fracture. Most importantly, there was no reduction in the effective net area for the tested specimens, even with a weld length as little as 80% of the distance between the welds. Numerical analyses of the connections were carried out using an elastoplastic model and measured material properties. The studies showed that the restraint provided by the gusset plate at the slotted end effectively increases the load-carrying capacity of the tube as compared with that of the unrestrained portion of the member. In the analysis, fracture is assumed to have occurred when the equivalent plastic strain reaches a critical value. The test results are discussed in light of the requirements in the Canadian standard for design of steel structures.Key words: connections, steel, shear lag, finite element analysis, gusset plates, hollow structural section, tension, welds.

Shear lag in slotted HSS tension members

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1350-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Korol
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Gusset Plates ◽  
Braced Frame ◽  
Factor Design ◽  
Frame Construction ◽  
Tension Members ◽  
Hollow Structural Section ◽  
Hollow Structural Sections

A research program was undertaken to study the shear-lag phenomenon for slotted hollow structural section (HSS) tension members having gusset plates welded at the ends, a commonly employed detail in braced frame construction. The purpose of this study was to establish whether the shear-lag reduction factor indeed involves only the weld length to weld distance ratio, or if other parameters also influence connection strength and behaviour. Key words: shear lag, slotted members, reduction factor, design, experiments, hollow structural sections.

Performance of cement-stabilized retaining walls

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 876-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Centrifuge Model Test ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Centrifuge Testing ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Surrounding Soil

This paper investigates the performance of a cement-stabilized retaining wall as a potentially economic solution for supporting vertical cuts in roads and embankments. This investigation was carried out through a comprehensive numerical and experimental program in which the stabilized wall was treated as a c′–ϕ soil. To optimize the design of the stabilized wall, a plane-strain finite element analysis was carried out, using the PLAXIS code, in a parametric study that varied the wall geometry and the shear strength parameters for both the wall and its surrounding soil. The performance of the stabilized retaining wall was verified by a centrifuge model test carried out at an equivalent acceleration of 67g for a sand treated with 3% Portland cement. The results have shown that the load-carrying capacity of the wall is affected primarily by both the cementation of the wall and the friction angle of the surrounding soil. There exists a threshold of cementation beyond which the stability does not increase when the failure mechanism is located completely inside the in situ soil. This critical cementation appears to be a crucial factor in maintaining an economic design for this type of wall. Centrifuge test results confirmed the satisfactory behaviour of cement-stabilized retaining walls.Key words: cement stabilization, retaining wall, cohesion, finite element, centrifuge testing.

Study on the Shear Lag Effect of the PC Box Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Webs under Concentrated Loads

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5054-5060
Author(s):  
Rui Juan Jiang ◽  
Yu Feng Xiao ◽  
Xiao Wei Yi ◽  
Qi Ming Wu ◽  
Wei Ming Gai
Keyword(s):  
Shear Lag ◽  
Shear Lag Effect ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Lag Effects ◽  
Lag Effect ◽  
Box Girder Bridge ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Effective Flange Width

There are few studies about the shear lag effect and the effective flange width of the PC (Prestressed Concrete) box girder bridge with corrugated steel webs throughout the world in current time. In the present paper, based on the three-dimensional finite element analysis for a long-span continuous PC box girder bridge with corrugated steel webs and the corresponding conventional box girder bridge with concrete webs, a comparative study on the shear lag effect under vertical loads are carryied out together with the analyslis on the coefficient of the effective flange width. The results show that in the PC box girder with corrugated steel webs, the transverse distributions of longitudinal normal stress on the section of the slabs are obviousely non-uniform and they are different with those in the conventional PC box girder with concrete webs. And moreover, the shear lag effects in top slab of the PC box girder with corrugated steel webs are almost less obvious than those of the conventional PC box girder with concrete webs. However, the shear lag effects in bottom slab of the PC box girder with corrugated steel webs are almost similar to those of the conventional PC box girder with concrete webs, no matter what kind of vertical bending moment the cross section is subjected to

Preliminary Study on Performance of the Prestressed Concrete Hollow Retaining Pile in Lateral Force Resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 474-477
Author(s):  
Ru Zhang ◽  
Ping Yan
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Tension Control ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Lag Effect ◽  
Flexural Bearing Capacity ◽  
Preliminary Study

Prestressed concrete hollow retaining pile in lateral force resistance can effectively increase the bending height because of their hollow, so it can play a good effect in the pit maintenance .We will research and explore some problems about the innovative structure ,such as the suitable value of tension control stress , reasonable calculation method for flexural bearing capacity, shear lag effect causing by the hollow and using finite element analysis to verify. Do some preliminary research on some basic properties of the structure and lay the foundation for follow-up studies.

scholarly journals STUDY ON SPATIAL STRESS EFFECT OF PC CONTINUOUS THIN-WALLED BOX GIRDER BRIDGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Bottom Plate ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Lag Effect ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Spatial Stress

In order to study the influence of spatial stress effect and shear lag effect on the cracking of PC continuous thin-walled box girder bridge, a spatial model was established by using ANSYS finite element software to analyze the internal stress distribution of the bridge. The test results are compared with the analysis results of spatial model and plane link system model through the load test of real bridge. The results show that the longitudinal stress is evenly distributed along the width direction, which means that the spatial stress effect and the shear lag effect have little influence on the downdeflection of the bridge. The shear lag coefficient at the longitudinal axis of midspan bottom plate and the intersection of bottom plate and web are larger than other positions, which is most likely to produce cracks caused by stress concentration, and should be strengthened here in practical engineering. The results of load test show that the results of spatial finite element analysis are more reliable than those of plane link system calculation, and the design and construction based on the results of spatial finite element analysis is safer.

scholarly journals Shear Lag Effects in Angles Welded at Both Legs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abedin ◽  
Shervin Maleki ◽  
Nafiseh Kiani ◽  
Esmail Shahrokhinasab
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Numerical Analyses ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Lag Effects ◽  
Free Length ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Connection Length ◽  
Tension Members

The shear lag phenomenon is known to reduce the tensile capacity of tension members. There are various parameters affecting shear lag that have not been considered before. In addition, previous studies have been conducted mainly on single steel sections. Using numerical methods, the present study investigates the effects of relevant parameters on shear lag in single- and double-angle sections welded at both legs. The studied parameters are connection eccentricity, connection length, gusset plate thickness, member-free length, and connection-free length. The results of the numerical analyses show that, in single-angle connections, the effects of connection length, connection eccentricity, and gusset plate thickness are more pronounced, while in double-angle connections the last parameter is not very critical. Comparing the results with the AISC-LRFD predictions, it is concluded that the specification relations are conservative in most cases. In order to reduce the overconservatism, some new equations for shear lag estimate are introduced.

A review of research progress on shear lag effect of bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shukun Duan ◽  
JinYang Gao ◽  
Yiwei Gu ◽  
Jiansheng Fan ◽  
Yufei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Shear Lag Effect ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Lag Effect ◽  
Effective Flange Width

<p>Shear lag effect is a structural effect that must be considered in bridge design. In this paper, the theoretical research progress such as the elastic analytical method, the energy variational method and the bar simulation method of the shear lag effect are reviewed. The factors affecting the shear lag effect and the effective flange width are discussed, the span width ratio is the main factor. The calculation methods of effective flange width according to American, European and Chinese codes are introduced. Based on an engineering case, the results of different specifications are compared with the finite element analysis results, and the inadequacies of the current design specifications are pointed out. The problems of shear lag effect and engineering design methods in the future need to be focused are discussed, including the development of finite element method, experimental research and practical design methods.</p>

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