Caractérisation d'une maçonnerie composée d'éléments en aggloméré de chanvre

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Yves Bütschi ◽  
Christian Deschenaux ◽  
Buquan Miao ◽  
Narenda K Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Masonry Construction ◽  
Wall Construction ◽  
Industrial Hemp

The tested masonry elements, made of an agglomeration of industrial hemp and inorganic binders, were prefabricated on a cement brick production with an objective to use them for light-weight load-bearing wall construction and for insulation purposes. The tests indicate that the load-bearing characteristics of such masonry construction is close to the present Swiss recommendations. Furthermore, the sound insulation characteristics are comparable to the numerous other traditional systems, but they are still not competitive compared to other existing systems from the point of view of thermal insulation.Key words: construction, brick, light weight, building materials, industrial hemp, mechanical properties, physical properties, sustainable development.

Development of New Advanced Plasters with Waste Fibers Content

2018 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Jiří Zach ◽  
Jitka Peterková ◽  
Vítězslav Novák
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Insulating Properties ◽  
Recycled Waste

The paper deals with the possibilities of using secondary raw materials in the development of new advanced lightweight plasters. It was about fibers from recycled waste materials (waste paper, PET bottles, tyres) and recycled insulation (stone wool). The aim of adding fibers to these lightweight building materials was improvement of mechanical properties, improvement thermal insulation properties and reduction of crack sensitivity. It can be stated, based on the evaluation of the selected measurements, that both types of cellulose fibers and fibers from recycled tyres had positive influence on the mechanical properties, namely in the case of compressive strength. From the point of view of thermal insulating properties, it can be said that only 2 types of fibers have reduced the value of the thermal conductivity. They were mixtures with stone fibers and with recycled tyres fibers. Both of these mixtures also showed the lowest average values of bulk density. Based on the carried out research works can be it concluded that the use of recycled tyres fibers show as optimal.

scholarly journals Hemp-Straw Composites: Gluing Study and Multi-Physical Characterizations

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Viel ◽  
Florence Collet ◽  
Sylvie Prétot ◽  
Christophe Lanos
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Low Thermal Conductivity

In order to meet the requirement of sustainable development, building materials are increasingly environmentally friendly. They can be partially or fully bio-based or recycled. This paper looks at the development of fully bio-based composites where agro-resources are valued as bio-based aggregates (hemp) and as binding materials (wheat). In a previous work, a feasibility study simultaneously investigated the processing and ratio of wheat straw required to ensure a gluing effect. In this paper, three kinds of hemp-straw composites are selected and compared with a hemp-polysaccharides composite. The gluing effect is analyzed chemically and via SEM. The developed composites were characterized multi-physically. They showed sufficiently high mechanical properties to be used as insulating materials. Furthermore, they showed good thermal performances with a low thermal conductivity (67.9–69.0 mW/(m · K) at 23 ° C, dry).

Prediction on Coincidence Effect of Sound Insulation of a Wall

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 354-357
Author(s):  
Xian Feng Huang ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Yan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Statistical Energy Analysis ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Coincidence Effect ◽  
Sound Environment

Coincidence effect which occurs in a certain frequency range will impairs the sound insulation of walls. For the purpose to predict the phenomenon of coincidence effect that is unlikely predicted theoretically by the mass law, the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) theory are adopted in studying coincidence effect of sound insulation of the light weight single-leaf wall. The comparison among predicted by SEA, by mass law and measured was performed. Therefore, the comparison results show that sound insulation prediction by SEA is more precise and agrees with the measured date. Moreover, the coincidence effect and its effect on sound insulation were predicted by SEA. Eventually, it is likely to select appropriate building materials and configuration to achieve a better sound environment theoretically.

scholarly journals LIGHTWEIGHT SLAB CAST OVER PRECAST JOISTS

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 636-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Koyankin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Longitudinal Reinforcement ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
House Building ◽  
Mass Construction

Precast-monolithic house-building in domestic and world practice is a significant part in the mass construction. We propose a relatively large number of designs of precast-monolithic buildings, as well as its individual elements. Despite this, we cannot say that found the most effective constructive solutions able to satisfy the requirements of consumers (future residents) and builders. On this basis, we developed quite effective, from the point of view of construction and further operation, a constructive solution of light weight precast-monolithic overlap. Some features offered are overlapping: smaller mass, compared with beams of heavy concrete; increased heat and sound insulation properties; optimal use of the structural properties of heavy and light precast monolithic concrete and longitudinal reinforcement, depending on the stage of construction. The author has carried out in this article the results of numerical studies the proposed design of precast-monolithic overlap, confirming its compliance with the requirements of 1st and 2nd group of limit States.

Influence of the Friction and the Geometry in Indentation Processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta María Marín ◽  
Ana M. Camacho ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sebastián
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shape Factor ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Indentation Process ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Contact Pressures

Nowadays, there are a large variety of Compressive Forming Processes with different typologies and characteristics. These processes look to manufacture workpieces in the manner more efficient and economic possible. In this paper, the indentation process is studied from the point of view of manufacturing. The influence of technological parameters such as friction and shape factor on the process has been studied. The aluminum alloy AA 6082 has been employed in this study due to its good mechanical properties, light weight and its capacity of being recycled. The Finite Element Method (FEM) has been used for the analysis. The indentation process has been studied under axisymmetric conditions. As results, the forces to carry out the indentation process and the contact pressures have been obtained. Finally, it is shown that the forces and the contact pressures do not have a high dependency on the friction between the surfaces of the punch and the workpiece. The other hand, it is displayed that the shape factor has a greater influence on the process, especially the width of the workpiece.

Tensairity Concept Applied to Lighter-Than-Air Vehicles for Light-Weight Structures

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Suñol ◽  
Dean Vucinic ◽  
Lars De Laet
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
Rigid Structure ◽  
Lightweight Structure ◽  
Weight Structure ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Bearing Behavior

Airships have the intrinsic advantages of Lighter-Than-Air (LTA) vehicles: minimal energy consumption and Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) characteristics. Due to these advantages, significant efforts are being taken in order to investigate new applications and technical improvements. More specifically, there is a renewed interest in large airships for heavy payload transportation and for stratospheric airships. The design of large airships is a big challenge, especially when considering the structural point of view, since big volumes imply high loads, and since light weight is a major requirement for this type of vehicles. In this context, a light-weight structure is proposed by applying the structural Tensairity concept. A Tensairity beam consists of a rigid air beam designed on the basis of complete functional separation of the different structural elements, allowing for a maximum optimization. In this paper, the justification of the feasibility of applying Tensairity components in airships is discussed based on two criteria. The first criterion is the justification of the need of a lightweight structure by a state of the art analysis and a study of the principal characteristics of the existing types of LTA vehicles structures. The second criterion is a preliminary technical analysis, which aims to clarify if the load bearing behavior of airships is suited for the application of the Tensairity concept. Moreover, the bases for the development of the concept for the LTA vehicles structures are established. The advantages and drawbacks of the traditional rigid airships structure in comparison with a non-rigid structure has been analyzed, which conclusion is that the use of a rigid structure is convenient for large airships, since it reduces significantly the stresses of the envelope, but at the same time decreases the payload efficiency due to the addition of the structure’s weight. Moreover, the analysis of the load bearing behavior suggests the technical feasibility of applying Tensairity components, since airships have to withstand high bending moments and Tensairity structures are appropriate for withstanding such loads. Finally, the principal guidelines for defining the various load cases and for modeling Tensairity beams have been defined. In order to confirm the hypothesis of the suitability of Tensairity structures on airships, extensive research on design, analysis and optimization of Tensairity beam grids in typical airship loading conditions is needed.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Gypsum-PCM Composite Refined with the Acrylic Copolymer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Powała ◽  
Andrzej Obraniak ◽  
Dariusz Heim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Acrylic Copolymer ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
Change Material

Nowadays, the construction sector is changing rapidly towards more energy-efficient solutions. Many companies strive to improve the properties of building materials by reducing the weight of materials, increasing mechanical properties, and improving insulation properties. Therefore, to bring closer the problems that need to be solved, it was proposed to develop a new gypsum composite that will be used in a drywall. In addition, phase change material (PCM) and copolymer were used to improve thermal properties and tighten the final product against paraffin leakage. The main goal of the study was to check the mechanical properties. The results of endurance tests were presented. Based on that, it was determined that PCM affects the strength properties of the gypsum. In analyzing the obtained results, it can be stated from a mechanical point of view that to a certain extent, it was possible to confirm the correctness of using PCM in gypsum with an acrylic copolymer. The other part of the article presents the course of research and the results confirming the presented hypothesis.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behaviour of Light Weight Concrete Panels

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S2) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Thermal Resistivity ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Gypsum Board ◽  
Primary Position ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Concrete Panels ◽  
Light Weight Concrete

Light weight concrete (LWC) Playing a primary position in lowering the useless weight of the shape as properly as it meets the goals of load-bearing man or woman in some cases. LWC manufacture distinct in keeping with the use and availability of materials offers the freeness in concrete design blend. LWC advanced person including sound insulation, thermal resistivity and power lead for more use of the product. This paper deals LWC research at the partition panels with interlocking gadget to boom shear and flexural conduct compared to normal gypsum board partitions. The LWC gives more desirable energy at 0,050% in every of the aluminum and gypsum addition as compared to zero.0.5% in the cement substitute.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of solid glass bricks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Fíla ◽  
Martina Eliášová ◽  
Zdeněk Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Solid Glass

Glass as one of the oldest building materials has been used for centuries to fill window openings. In recent years is it increasingly used also for load-bearing structural elements such as beams, columns, ribs, railings, etc. In addition to flat glass and hollow glass blocks, which have been used historically for non-load-bearing partitions and facades, new load bearing structures from solid glass bricks are arising. Their greater use is hampered by a lack of knowledge of their material properties. Also, their joining is difficult, as can be seen from the realized structures and published works focused on the glass bricks masonry. Most often, transparent adhesives or special mortars are used on the joint between glass bricks. In addition to some examples of completed glass brick structures, the paper is aimed at determining the material properties of glass bricks, which are a prerequisite for the design of safe structures. Two sets of experiments were performed. There were made three-point bending tests and compression tests to determine the bending tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of glass bricks.

scholarly journals Multi-criteria optimization of construction technology of residential building upon the principles of sustainable development

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esad Mulavdic
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Rank List

Between various building materials and technology solutions for structural and architectural realization of residential building as well as various effects in use period we do not know which of variants gives the best performance from sustainable development point of view. This paper aims to give a model for optimization of housing construction technology based on some aspects of sustainable development as a set of multi-criteria: energy consumption of building, - renewable resource use, and - air pollution by CO2 emission. The model uses the multi-criteria compromise ranking technique. As a result we take he rank-list of variants and then we can select the best ones or several better variants. This diversity of acceptable solutions gives opportunity to meet future housing demand depending to different possibilities and interests of user, but by environmentally sustainable manner. This paper gives case study of some typical single-family houses in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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