Influence of various commercially available organic manures on growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in mint plants (Mentha sp.)

A pot experiment was set up using completely randomized design (CRD) to compare the influences of different commonly available organic manures in the markets of Dhaka, Bangladesh on the growth parameters and nutrient contents in Mint plants (Mentha sp.). Eight different manures were used as treatments for the comparison, viz. ACI, Alo, Annopurna Vermicompost, Cow dung, Kazi, Mazim, Modern Vermicompost and Trichocompost GBD, along with a control, taking three replications of each treatment. After 2.5 months (75 days) the plants were harvested. Trichocompost GBD showed the highest average number of leaves (130.33 plant-1), plant height (27.67 cm plant-1), number of branches (11.00 plant-1) and number of stolons at harvest (1.67 plant-1). The maximum average single leaf area (2.01 cm2 plant-1) and fresh weight (1.68 g plant-1) were observed in Kazi. ACI was observed to have the highest dry weight (0.26 g plant-1), whereas cow dung had the longest root (8.57 cm plant-1). Nutrient accumulation in leaf and stem exhibited the highest N in ACI, highest P and K in Alo, and highest S in Kazi. Correlation analysis of the explored traits with nutrient concentration of plant shoots was performed to elucidate the impact of plant nutrient contents on the analysed parameters. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2021, 7(1): 73-84

Solving one extreme problem in a class of locally single-leaf functions

Центральное место в теории конформных отображений занимает решение экстремальных задач на классах однолистных отображений. В известных классах нормированных голоморфных функций $S$ и $C$ решение «проблемы коэффициентов» связано с получением точных оценок модулей тейлоровских коэффициентов элементов классов. Аналогичные задачи ставятся для классов локально однолистных отображений. В.Г.Шеретов ввел в рассмотрение классы локально конформных отображений, генерируемых с помощью интегральных структурных формул из элементов классов $S$ и $C$. В статье решена задача о точной оценке модуля тейлоровского коэффициента в этом классе. The central place in the theory of conformal maps is occupied by the solution of extreme problems on classes of single-leaf maps. In the known classes of normalized holomorphic functions S and C, the solution of the "coefficient problem" is associated with obtaining accurate estimates of the modules of the Taylor coefficients of class elements. Similar problems are posed for classes of locally single-leaf mappings. V.G.Sheretov introduced classes of locally conformal mappings generated using integral structural formulas from elements of classes S and C. The article solves the problem of an accurate estimation of the modulus of the Taylor coefficient in this class.

Effect of INM Practices on the Leaves Parameters of Terminalia tomentosa Food Plant of Antheraea mylitta Drury

Background: Terminalia tomentosa is a primary food plant of Antheraea mylitta Drury a polyphagous insect of Saturniidae family which is exploited commercially for the production of silk. Good quality of silk production depend on the nutrient of leaf. So, to optimize the nutrient of leaf integrated nutrient management practices has been used to increase soil fertility and to supply plant nutrient at an optimum. Methods: In order to evaluate the effect of INM practices on the leaves parameters of Terminalia tomentosa food plant of Antheraea mylitta Drury. An experiment based on randomised complete block design with 21 treatments and three replication was conducted at Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Nagri, Ranchi in the year 2019-20. Result: Results revealed that the application of INM treatments are significant on various leaf parameters. Highest single leaf length and breadth mean was observed in T19 (23.29 cm; 11.96 cm) was applied with 75% RDF through fertilizer+25% through vermicompost+ Azotobacter + PSB, weight of single leaf was found to be highest in T13 (5.19 g). The number of leaf was recorded highest in T19 (1892). The fresh leave yield ranged from 1617.317-5208.224 g with average mean of 4085.72 g, T19 (5032.1 g) recorded the highest fresh leaf yield. The dry matter content was found highest in T19 (340.56 g). The moisture content was recorded higher in T4 (71%) followed by T15 (69%).

Genetic variation for Vegetative and Reproductive Traits in Mulberry (Morus spp) Accessions

Aims: To assess genetic variability for vegetative and reproductive traits in different seasons. Study Design: Field experimental design was used. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in different seasons during 2019-20 at Department of Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore. Methodology: The present study comprised of Seventy one mulberry accessions. Results: The mean performance of leaf moisture content (64.41 & 55.42%) and leaf yield (1268.71 & 872.21g) in rainy and winter season, respectively. There are large differences were observed between the minimum and maximum range leaf moisture content was varied from 45.16 to 78.51 per cent and leaf yield was varied from 235.90 to 29008.89 during rainy season. In winter season the range of leaf moisture content was varied from 15.28 to 72.35 per cent and leaf yield was varied from 94.43 to 2975.00 g. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV %) was found to be higher than the respective genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV %) for all the characters denoting variability among genotypes in both the seasons. Estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations were high for leaf yield per plant (98.63, 98.49%) and (89.69, 89.62%) in rainy and winter season, respectively. Maximum heritability was observed for leaf yield per plant (99.71 %), (99.85 %) in rainy and winter season, respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean in respect of number of days for first flower initiation, plant height and single leaf area at 45th, 60th, and 75th DAP, number of branches, leaf moisture content and leaf yield per plant was observed in rainy and winter seasons.

Airborne sound insulation of single-leaf partitions under hygric load

In buildings of all types the use of single-leaf partitions are recommended, not least for reasons of cost efficiency and possible resource optimisation. In addition to the familiar building physics topics they play also a particularly important role in noise protection. Numerous factors influence the acoustic properties of single-leaf, plate-shaped and dry partitions. These include the mass, the bending stiffness, the position of the critical frequency and the total loss factor of the partition as well as the stimulating frequency of the airborne sound, the sound incidence angle or the characteristic impedance of the air. Each mineral wall-building material has its own product-specific pore structure. In the usual calculation of the airborne sound insulation of single-leaf, airtight and dry partitions, this has so far not been taken into account. It is precisely in these building material pores that a hygrothermal, continuous adjustment of the moisture content takes place in addition to the production-related water quantities. This changes the mass of the building component and thus the airborne sound insulation of the wall. In addition to this well-known mass effect, a further mechanism, which has not yet been considered, increases airborne sound insulation: the smaller the pore sizes in the building material, the greater the mechanical forces caused by stored pore water. The existing equations for airborne sound insulation do not take these effective forces into account and must therefore be extended. The wall building material is considered as a porous medium with solid and fluid components. The new calculation approach allows the calculation of the airborne sound reduction index for single-leaf partitions under hygric load for saturated and partially saturated moisture conditions with high accuracy. The calculation results provide valuable information for the planning and product development of new building materials.

Carbon absorption capability of single-leaf and compound-leaf plants in the BNI Urban Forest, Banda Aceh

The creation of Open Green Spaces is one of the options for mitigating the impact of global warming. In order to maximize the function of urban forests as carbon dioxide absorbers, plant species selection for urban forests must be considered. The goal of this study was to compare the ability of single-leaf and compound-leaved plants growing in urban forests to absorb carbon dioxide. Exploratory survey methods with purposive sampling were used. The single-leaf plant, B. asiatica (520 cm2), had the maximum leaf area, whereas the single-leaf species, M. elengi had the lowest leaf area (47.50 cm2). The plant with the highest water content in leaves was found in single-leaf plants, B. asiatica (ranging from 74.67 percent to 77.32 percent), while plant F.decipiens from the compound-leaf plant had the lowest water content (ranging from 44.34 percent to 46.14 percent). The plant with the highest percentage of carbohydrate mass at 06.00 am was M. elengi (531.63 percent), and the plant with the lowest percentage of carbohydrate mass was P.indicus (211.15 percent). At 11 am, the compound-leaf plant S.mahogani (496.76 percent) had the largest percentage of carbohydrate mass, B.asiatica had the lowest (289.29 percent). B.asiatica had the most carbon dioxide absorption per leaf area per hour (g/leaf/hour), whereas S. mahogany had the lowest. S.mahogani (32.514 Å) had the highest chlorophyll concentration in the 06.00 am sample, while P.indicus had the highest chlorophyll concentration in the 11.00 am sample (42.440 Å).

Synergistic dispersal of plant pathogen spores by jumping-droplet condensation and wind

Plant pathogens are responsible for the annual yield loss of crops worldwide and pose a significant threat to global food security. A necessary prelude to many plant disease epidemics is the short-range dispersal of spores, which may generate several disease foci within a field. New information is needed on the mechanisms of plant pathogen spread within and among susceptible plants. Here, we show that self-propelled jumping dew droplets, working synergistically with low wind flow, can propel spores of a fungal plant pathogen (wheat leaf rust) beyond the quiescent boundary layer and disperse them onto neighboring leaves downwind. An array of horizontal water-sensitive papers was used to mimic healthy wheat leaves and showed that up to 25 spores/h may be deposited on a single leaf downwind of the infected leaf during a single dew cycle. These findings reveal that a single dew cycle can disperse copious numbers of fungal spores to other wheat plants, even in the absence of rain splash or strong gusts of wind.

ТЕХНОГЕНЕЗ И СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ РЕАКЦИИ ДРЕВЕСНЫХ ВИДОВ: ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ, АДАПТАЦИИ, СТРАТЕГИИ. ЧАСТЬ 2. ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ФУНКЦИИ.

The present publication is the first of four reviews of reports that have been published over the last 20 years to address the responses of arboreal plants at different hierarchical levels of their organization to anthropogenic factors. The publication covers the effects of different kinds of industrial pollution on macro- and micromorphology of broad and acerose leaves. The specific and nonspecific responses of arboreal plants to the same factor or to different factors, including smokes and toxicants, are differentiated. The adaptive responses within a single leaf or needle may be relatively independent from each other despite the integrity of these plant organs. The causes of such diverse reactions, which ensure the adaptive potential of plants, are discussed with account for the multiplicity of biological functions required for maintaining plant tolerance to anthropogenic impacts.

ТЕХНОГЕНЕЗ И СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ РЕАКЦИИ ДРЕВЕСНЫХ ВИДОВ: ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ, АДАПТАЦИИ, СТРАТЕГИИ. ЧАСТЬ 1. ВЛИЯНИЕ НА МАКРО- И МИКРОМОРФОЛОГИЮ АССИМИЛЯЦИОННОГО АППАРАТА.

The present publication is the first of four reviews of reports that have been published over the last 20 years to address the responses of arboreal plants at different hierarchical levels of their organization to anthropogenic factors. The publication covers the effects of different kinds of industrial pollution on macro- and micromorphology of broad and acerose leaves. The specific and nonspecific responses of arboreal plants to the same factor or to different factors, including smokes and toxicants, are differentiated. The adaptive responses within a single leaf or needle may be relatively independent from each other despite the integrity of these plant organs. The causes of such diverse reactions, which ensure the adaptive potential of plants, are discussed with account for the multiplicity of biological functions required for maintaining plant tolerance to anthropogenic impacts.