Stability at the phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2) locus in Festuca arundinacea plants regenerated from cell suspension and protoplast culture

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Humphreys ◽  
S. J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Protoplast Culture ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Active Allele ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Original Donor

A study was made of the phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2) phenotype of plants regenerated from suspension and protoplast culture originating from a Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42) plant with distinct PGI/2 phenotype. Of the regenerated plants from suspension culture, 20 were abnormal in that they deviated from the PGI/2 phenotype of the donor plant. Among the abnormal plants two distinct isozyme variants absent in the original donor, which were probably the result of point mutations, were recorded. There was evidence of deletions of specific PGI/2 alleles. This was confirmed cytologically by the reduced chromosome number found in the relevant cell suspension derived plants. There was also evidence that an active allele had been transformed into a null allele. All the plants regenerated from protoplast culture had the same PGI/2 phenotype as the donor plant but were hyperpolyploid. The loss of activity of individual PGI/2 alleles in plants derived from protoplasts was masked by gene duplication because of their hyperpolyploid nature. A high degree of instability was identified in nonregenerating calli. It was thought that abnormalities in the nonregenerating calli were affecting their potential to regenerate plants.Key words: Festuca arundinacea, somaclonal variation, phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2), chromosome instability, point mutations.

Stability at the phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2) locus in Lolium multiflorum (2n = 4x = 28) × Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42) plants regenerated from cell suspension

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Humphreys ◽  
S. J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Somatic Recombination ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes ◽  
Culture Phase

Plants were regenerated from a cell suspension from shoot-tip derived callus of a pentaploid Lolium multiflorum (2n = 4x = 28) × Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42) in which a set of five homologous and homoeologous chromosomes were marked at the PGI/2 locus by distinct alleles. A direct relationship was found in regenerated plants between time in cell suspension and the number of aberrations at the PGI/2 locus. These included deletion of any one, and in a few cases two, of the five PGI/2 alleles, but these were not always related to chromosome loss. In addition three different PGI/2 alleles were each rendered null in some somaclones regenerated last from the cell suspension. While bivalent and trivalent frequency remained unaltered in the regenerated plants compared with the original hybrid, univalent frequency decreased. Chromosome configurations of four or more chromosomes, which probably represent intergeneric chromosome pairing, were significantly increased in the regenerated plants compared with the original hybrid and were negatively correlated with univalents. The possible incorporation of a cell culture phase as a way of increasing intergeneric recombination between L. multiflorum and F. arundinacea chromosomes in a conventional breeding program is discussed.Key words: Festuca–Lolium, somaclonal variation, phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2), chromosome instability, somatic recombination.

scholarly journals Cell suspension culture and plant regeneration of a Brazilian plantain, cultivar Terra

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1325-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucymeire Souza Morais-Lino ◽  
Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo ◽  
Sebastião de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Adilson Kenji Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Suspension Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Male Flowers

The objective of this study was to establish cell suspension culture and plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis of a Brazilian plantain, cultivar Terra Maranhão, AAB. Immature male flowers were used as explant source for generating highly embryogenic cultures 45 days after inoculation, which were used for establishment of cell suspension culture and multiplication of secondary somatic embryos. Five semisolid culture media were tested for differentiation, maturation, somatic embryos germination and for plant regeneration. An average of 558 plants per one milliliter of 5% SCV (settled cell volume) were regenerated in the MS medium, with 11.4 µM indolacetic acid and 2.2 µM 6-benzylaminopurine. Regenerated plants showed a normal development, and no visible somaclonal variation was observed in vitro. It is possible to regenerate plants from cell suspensions of plantain banana cultivar Terra using MS medium supplemented with 11.4 µM of IAA and 2.2 µM of BAP.

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CULTURE OF Celosia cristata L. CELL SUSPENSION PROTOPLASTS

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Retno Mastuti ◽  
Hiroshi Miyake ◽  
Takeshi Taniguchi ◽  
Yoji Takeoka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Protoplast Culture ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
L Cell ◽  
Celosia Cristata

Developmental competence of Celosia cristata L. cell suspension-derived protoplasts was investigated. The protoplasts were isolated from 3- to 9-d old cultures in enzyme solution containing 2 percent (w/v) Cellulase YC and 0.5 percent (w/v) Macerozyme R-10 which was dissolved in washing solution (0.4 M mannitol and 10 mM CaCl2) at pH 5.6 for 3 hours. The highest number of viable protoplasts was released from 5-d old culture of a homogenous cell suspension. Subsequently, three kinds of protoplast culture media were simultaneously examined with four kinds of concentration of gelling agent. Culturing the protoplasts on KM8p medium solidified with 1.2 percent agarose significantly enhanced plating efficiency as well as microcolony formation. Afterwards, the microcalli actively proliferated into friable watery callus when they were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l kinetin. Although the plant regeneration from the protoplasts-derived calli has not yet been obtained, the reproducible developmental step from protoplasts to callus in this study may facilitate the establishment of somatic hybridization using C. cristata as one parent.

Cell suspension and protoplast culture in rice

Plant Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinya Toriyama ◽  
Kokichi Hinata
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Protoplast Culture

scholarly journals Expression inEscherichia coliof N- and C-terminally Deleted Human Holocarboxylase Synthetase

2000 ◽  
Vol 276 (15) ◽  
pp. 12310-12316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Campeau ◽  
Roy A. Gravel
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Holocarboxylase Synthetase ◽  
Terminal Sequence ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Dna Attachment ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Protein Ligases

Biotin functions as a covalently bound cofactor of biotindependent carboxylases. Biotin attachment is catalyzed by biotin protein ligases, called holocarboxylase synthetase in mammals and BirA in prokaryotes. These enzymes show a high degree of sequence similarity in their biotinylation domains but differ markedly in the length and sequence of their N terminus. BirA is also the repressor of the biotin operon, and its DNA attachment site is located in its N terminus. The function of the eukaryotic N terminus is unknown. Holocarboxylase synthetase with N- and C-terminal deletions were evaluated for the ability to catalyze biotinylation after expression inEscherichia coliusing bacterial and human acceptor substrates. We showed that the minimum functional protein is comprised of the last 349 of the 726-residue protein, which includes the biotinylation domain. Significantly, enzyme containing intermediate length, N-terminal deletions interfered with biotin transfer and interaction with different peptide acceptor substrates. We propose that the N terminus of holocarboxylase synthetase contributes to biotinylation through N- and C-terminal interactions and may affect acceptor substrate recognition. Our findings provide a rationale for the biotin responsiveness of patients with point mutations in the N-terminal sequence of holocarboxylase synthetase. Such mutant enzyme may respond to biotin-mediated stabilization of the substrate-bound complex.

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