Stability at the phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2) locus in Lolium multiflorum (2n = 4x = 28) × Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42) plants regenerated from cell suspension

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Humphreys ◽  
S. J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Somatic Recombination ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes ◽  
Culture Phase

Plants were regenerated from a cell suspension from shoot-tip derived callus of a pentaploid Lolium multiflorum (2n = 4x = 28) × Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42) in which a set of five homologous and homoeologous chromosomes were marked at the PGI/2 locus by distinct alleles. A direct relationship was found in regenerated plants between time in cell suspension and the number of aberrations at the PGI/2 locus. These included deletion of any one, and in a few cases two, of the five PGI/2 alleles, but these were not always related to chromosome loss. In addition three different PGI/2 alleles were each rendered null in some somaclones regenerated last from the cell suspension. While bivalent and trivalent frequency remained unaltered in the regenerated plants compared with the original hybrid, univalent frequency decreased. Chromosome configurations of four or more chromosomes, which probably represent intergeneric chromosome pairing, were significantly increased in the regenerated plants compared with the original hybrid and were negatively correlated with univalents. The possible incorporation of a cell culture phase as a way of increasing intergeneric recombination between L. multiflorum and F. arundinacea chromosomes in a conventional breeding program is discussed.Key words: Festuca–Lolium, somaclonal variation, phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2), chromosome instability, somatic recombination.

Stability at the phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2) locus in Festuca arundinacea plants regenerated from cell suspension and protoplast culture

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Humphreys ◽  
S. J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Protoplast Culture ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Active Allele ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Original Donor

A study was made of the phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2) phenotype of plants regenerated from suspension and protoplast culture originating from a Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42) plant with distinct PGI/2 phenotype. Of the regenerated plants from suspension culture, 20 were abnormal in that they deviated from the PGI/2 phenotype of the donor plant. Among the abnormal plants two distinct isozyme variants absent in the original donor, which were probably the result of point mutations, were recorded. There was evidence of deletions of specific PGI/2 alleles. This was confirmed cytologically by the reduced chromosome number found in the relevant cell suspension derived plants. There was also evidence that an active allele had been transformed into a null allele. All the plants regenerated from protoplast culture had the same PGI/2 phenotype as the donor plant but were hyperpolyploid. The loss of activity of individual PGI/2 alleles in plants derived from protoplasts was masked by gene duplication because of their hyperpolyploid nature. A high degree of instability was identified in nonregenerating calli. It was thought that abnormalities in the nonregenerating calli were affecting their potential to regenerate plants.Key words: Festuca arundinacea, somaclonal variation, phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI/2), chromosome instability, point mutations.

Novel diploids following chromosome elimination and somatic recombination in Lolium multiflorum×Festuca arundinacea hybrids

Heredity ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
I PAŠAKINSKIEN˙E ◽  
K ANAMTHAWAT-JÓNSSON ◽  
M W HUMPHREYS ◽  
R N JONESs
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Chromosome Elimination ◽  
Somatic Recombination

CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PLANTS REGENERATED FROM OAT (AVENA SATIVA) TISSUE CULTURES; HIGH FREQUENCY OF PARTIAL CHROMOSOME LOSS

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. McCoy ◽  
R. L. Phillips ◽  
H. W. Rines
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Chromosome Breakage ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Chromosomal Variability ◽  
Regeneration Cycle

The frequency and types of chromosomal variability in regenerated Avena sativa L. plants were assessed by detailed meiotic analysis on 655 regenerated plants. Tissue cultures were initiated from immature embryos of the varieties Lodi and Tippecanoe and maintained by monthly subculturing. Plants were regenerated from 4-, 8-, 12-, 16- and 20- month-old cultures. Regenerated plants with cytogenetic alterations were common, although Lodi cultures produced a higher frequency of cytogenetically abnormal plants at each regeneration cycle than Tippecanoe cultures. After four months in culture, 49% of Lodi regenerated plants were cytogenetically abnormal, whereas only 12% of Tippecanoe regenerated plants were abnormal. The frequency of cytogenetically abnormal, regenerated plants increased with culture age. After 20 months in culture 88% of Lodi regenerated plants and 48% of Tippecanoe regenerated plants were cytogenetically abnormal. The most common cytogenetic alteration was chromosome breakage, followed by loss of a chromosome segment resulting in a heteromorphic pair at diakinesis. Of the regenerated plants classified as cytogenetically abnormal, 41% of Lodi plants and 66% of Tippecanoe plants had lost a portion of one or more chromosomes. Other alterations included trisomy, monosomy and interchanges. Chromosome instability associated with oat tissue cultures has several possible uses.

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis and the effect of particle bombardment on banana Maçã regeneration

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laureen Michelle Houllou-Kido ◽  
Ederson Akio Kido ◽  
Maria Cristina Falco ◽  
Márcio de Castro Silva Filho ◽  
Antônio Vargas de Oliveira Figueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
A Cell

A plant regeneration method with cell suspension cultures of banana, and the effect of biobalistic on regeneration potential are described in this report. Somatic embryos of banana were obtained from indirect embryogenesis of male inflorescence of banana cultivar Maçã (AAB group). Part of the calluses formed (40%) showed embryogenic characteristics (nonfriable, compact and yellow color). The cell suspension, originated from embryogenic calluses, contained clusters of small tightly packed cells with dense cytoplasms, relatively large nuclei and very dense nucleoli. After four months of culture, somatic embryos started to regenerate. The maximum number of regenerated plants was observed between 45 and 60 days after embryo formation.In the first experiment, 401 plants were regenerated from approximately 10 mL of packed cells. In the second experiment, 399 plants were regenerated from a cell suspension six months older than that of the first experiment. Cell transformation using particle bombardment with three different plasmid constructions, containing the uid-A gene, resulted in a strong GUS expression five days after bombardment; however, plant regeneration from bombarded cells was much lower than nonbombarded ones.

scholarly journals Novel diploids following chromosome elimination and somatic recombination in Lolium multiflorum × Festuca arundinacea hybrids

Heredity ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Pašakinskienė ◽  
K Anamthawat-Jónsson ◽  
M W Humphreys ◽  
R N Jones
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Chromosome Elimination ◽  
Somatic Recombination

Experimental study of diffusion-based extraction from a cell suspension

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Mata ◽  
Ellen K. Longmire ◽  
David H. McKenna ◽  
Katie K. Glass ◽  
Allison Hubel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
A Cell

scholarly journals The use of a slide spinner in the analysis of cell dispersion.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Wolley ◽  
H M Dembitzer ◽  
F Herz ◽  
K Schreiber ◽  
L G Koss
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Cell Dispersion ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Human Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cervical Cancer

A simple and reliable method of determining the degree of dispersion of a cell suspension has been developed using the Perkin-Elmer Uni-Smear Spinner. Optimum conditions regarding rate and duration of spin, etc., were first ascertained using dispersed cell cultures including human cervical cancer cells as well as gynecologic samples. After spinning, single cells in suspension appeared as isolated cells on the slides. Cell aggregates, on the other hand, remained together. Therefore, the distribution of cells in various sized aggregates could be easily quantitated and the slides retained for future review. This method was used to evaluate the dispersing effects of trypsin, ethylenediaminetetraacetate and and syringing human on human gynecology samples obtained by routine cervical scrapes. None of the dispersion methods has, so far, produced an adequate monodispersed cell suspension without unacceptable cell loss.

scholarly journals Cell suspension culture and plant regeneration of a Brazilian plantain, cultivar Terra

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1325-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucymeire Souza Morais-Lino ◽  
Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo ◽  
Sebastião de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Adilson Kenji Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Suspension Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Male Flowers

The objective of this study was to establish cell suspension culture and plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis of a Brazilian plantain, cultivar Terra Maranhão, AAB. Immature male flowers were used as explant source for generating highly embryogenic cultures 45 days after inoculation, which were used for establishment of cell suspension culture and multiplication of secondary somatic embryos. Five semisolid culture media were tested for differentiation, maturation, somatic embryos germination and for plant regeneration. An average of 558 plants per one milliliter of 5% SCV (settled cell volume) were regenerated in the MS medium, with 11.4 µM indolacetic acid and 2.2 µM 6-benzylaminopurine. Regenerated plants showed a normal development, and no visible somaclonal variation was observed in vitro. It is possible to regenerate plants from cell suspensions of plantain banana cultivar Terra using MS medium supplemented with 11.4 µM of IAA and 2.2 µM of BAP.

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