Genome relationship between Thinopyrum bessarabicum and Thinopyrum elongatum

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 930-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Forster ◽  
T. E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Genome Relationship ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum

Two wheat/Thinopyrum amphiploids, wheat/T. bessarabicum and wheat/T. elongatum were crossed together and meiosis was studied in the F1 hybrid. The data show that although the wheat chromosomes pair fully, those of the two diploid Thinopyrum species rarely pair, 21 bivalents plus 14 univalents being the modal configuration. The genome symbols E for T. elongatum and Eb for T. bessarabicum are proposed.Key words: Thinopyrum elongatum, Thinopyrum bessarabicum, genome relationship.

Dilemma of genome relationship in the diploid species Thinopyrum bessarabicum and Thinopyrum elongatum (Triticeae: Poaceae)

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 944-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem P. Jauhar
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
5S Dna ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Evidence on the relationship of the J genome of diploid Thinopyrum bessarabicum and the E genome of diploid Thinopyrum elongatum (= Lophopyrum elongatum) is discussed. Low chromosome pairing between J and E at different ploidy levels, suppression of J–E pairing by the Ph1 pairing regulator that inhibits homoeologous pairing, complete sterility of the diploid hybrids (JE), karyotypic differentiation of the two genomes and differences in their biochemical organization as reflected in total content and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin, and marked differences in isozymes, 5S DNA, and rDNA indicate that J and E are distinct genomes. These genomes are homoeologous and not homologous. There is no justification for the merger of J and E genomes.Key words: chromosome pairing, Ph1 pairing regulator, C-banding, isozymes, 5S DNA, rDNA.

Differential transferability of EST-SSR primers developed from the diploid species Pseudoroegneria spicata, Thinopyrum bessarabicum, and Thinopyrum elongatum

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R.-C. Wang ◽  
Steve R. Larson ◽  
Kevin B. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Pseudoroegneria Spicata ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum

Simple sequence repeat technology based on expressed sequence tag (EST-SSR) is a useful genomic tool for genome mapping, characterizing plant species relationships, elucidating genome evolution, and tracing genes on alien chromosome segments. EST-SSR primers developed from three perennial diploid species of Triticeae, Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á. Löve (having St genome), Thinopyrum bessarabicum (Savul. & Rayss) Á. Löve (Jb = Eb = J), and Thinopyrum elongatum (Host) D.R. Dewey (Je = Ee = E), were used to produce amplicons in these three species to (i) assess relative transferability, (ii) identify polymorphic species-specific markers, and (iii) determine genome relationships among the three species. Because of the close relationship between Jb and Je genomes, EST-SSR primers derived from Th. bessarabicum and Th. elongatum had greater transferability to each other than those derived from the St-genome P. spicata. A large number of polymorphic species- and genome-specific EST-SSR amplicons were identified that will be used for construction of genetic maps of these diploid species, and tracing economically useful genes in breeding or gene transfer programs in various species of Triticeae.

Genome evolution of intermediate wheatgrass as revealed by EST-SSR markers developed from its three progenitor diploid species

Genome ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R.-C. Wang ◽  
Steve R. Larson ◽  
Kevin B. Jensen ◽  
B. Shaun Bushman ◽  
Lee R. DeHaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽  
Available Information

Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey), a segmental autoallohexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), is not only an important forage crop but also a valuable gene reservoir for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement. Throughout the scientific literature, there continues to be disagreement as to the origin of the different genomes in intermediate wheatgrass. Genotypic data obtained from newly developed EST-SSR primers derived from the putative progenitor diploid species Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á. Löve (St genome), Thinopyrum bessarabicum (Savul. & Rayss) Á. Löve (J = Jb = Eb), and Thinopyrum elongatum (Host) D. Dewey (E = Je = Ee) indicate that the V genome of Dasypyrum (Coss. & Durieu) T. Durand is not one of the three genomes in intermediate wheatgrass. Based on all available information in the literature and findings in this study, the genomic designation of intermediate wheatgrass should be changed to JvsJrSt, where Jvs and Jr represent ancestral genomes of present-day Jb of Th. bessarabicum and Je of Th. elongatum, with Jvs being more ancient. Furthermore, the information suggests that the St genome in intermediate wheatgrass is most similar to the present-day St found in diploid species of Pseudoroegneria from Eurasia.

scholarly journals Evaluating Wheat Microsatellite Markers for the Use in Genetic Analysis of Thinopyrum, Dasypyrum, and Pseudoroegneria Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Yu. Kroupin ◽  
Mikhail G. Divashuk ◽  
Igor A. Fesenko ◽  
Gennady I. Karlov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Dasypyrum Villosum ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum

A set of 42 SSRs of wheat were evaluated for their cross-amplification on the DNA of Thinopyrum ponticum, Thinopyrum intermedium, Thinopyrum elongatum, Thinopyrum bessarabicum, Pseudoroegneria stipifolia, and Dasypyrum villosum. The number of the wheat SSR markers that amplified DNA fragments with determined size for Th. ponticum was 33 (78.6%); for Th. intermedium, 28 (66.7%); for Th. elongatum, 24 (57.1%); for Th. bessarabicum, 24 (57.1%); for P. stipifolia, 26 (69.1%); and for D. villosum, 29 (69.0%). Twenty-four primer pairs of wheat SSR markers were successfully amplified from all investigated species. The dataset can be used for phylogenetic studies of wild relatives of wheat, for the estimation of their diversity, and for the introgression of agronomically valuable genes into wheat genome.

Characterization of genomes and chromosomes in partial amphiploids of the hybrid Triticum aestivum × Thinopyrum ponticum by in situ hybridization, isozyme analysis, and RAPD

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyong Zhang ◽  
Yushen Dong ◽  
Richard R.-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Thinopyrum Ponticum ◽  
Genome Recombination ◽  
Partial Amphiploid ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and Southern hybridization of genome-specific RAPD markers were used to demonstrate that the E genome (including Ee and Eb from Thinopyrum elongatum and Thinopyrum bessarabicum, respectively) and the St genome (from Pseudoroegneria species) were the two basic genomes in Thinopyrum ponticum. GISH also revealed that the centromeric region may be the critical area that discriminates the St genome from the E genome in Th. ponticum. Of the seven partial amphiploids isolated from backcrossed progenies of Triticum aestivum × Thinopyrum ponticum hybrids, two (lines 693 and 7631) have eight pairs of chromosomes from the Ee and (or) Eb genomes. Four partial amphiploids (lines 784, 68, 7430, and 40767-1) have an incomplete St genome, i.e., six pairs of chromosomes of St and one pair of chromosomes from Ee or Eb. In a heptaploid individual of the partial amphiploid 40767-2, there were four pairs of St chromosomes, one pair of St/1B Robertsonian translocation chromosomes, one pair of St/E translocation chromosomes, and one pair of Ee or Eb chromosomes. The isoelectric focusing of Est-5, Est-4, β-Amy-1, α-Amy-1, and α-Amy-2 and the RAPD data generated with 24 decamer primers on five partial amphiploids (lines 784, 693, 7631, 68, and 7430) indicated that lines 693 and 7631 had identical genomes from Th. ponticum. The partial amphiploid 784 probably had a set of chromosomes completely different from those of 693 and 7631. These results indicate that genome recombination usually occurred during the formation of new polyploid lines. Key words : Thinopyrum ponticum, wheat, partial amphiploid, GISH, isozyme, RAPD.

Development of Specific Molecular Markers for Thinopyrum elongatum Chromosome Using SLAF-seq Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Qiang CHEN ◽  
Shu-Wen QIN ◽  
Ze-Feng HUANG ◽  
Yi DAI ◽  
Lu-Lu ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum

Intergeneric hybrids between Thinopyrum and Psathyrostachys (Triticeae)

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R.-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Green Leaves ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Basic Genome ◽  
Chromosome Associations ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽  
First Time

Intergeneric hybrids were synthesized for the first time from the diploid crosses Thinopyrum elongatum (JeJe) × Psathyrostachys juncea (NjNj), T. elongatum × P. fragilis (NfNf), T. bessarabicum (JbJb) × P. huashanica (NhNh), and T. bessarabicum × P. juncea, as well as from a cross between the amphidiploid of T. bessarabicum × T. elongatum (JbJbJeJe) and P. juncea. Spikes of these hybrids are morphologically intermediate between those of the parental species. Double spikelets occurred occasionally at central nodes of the spikes. Glaucous blue leaves appeared in the F1 only in the cross T. bessarabicum × P. huashanica, suggesting that the gene(s) for glaucous blue leaves in T. bessarabicum is (are) recessive to a gene(s) for green leaves in P. juncea but is (are) dominant to that for yellowish green leaves in P. huashanica. Meiotic pairing at metaphase I in these diploid (JN) and triploid (JJN) hybrids revealed a very low level of homology between the basic J and N genome. Therefore, the J and N genomes are nonhomologous and justifiably represented by different genome symbols. The triploid hybrids exhibited a pattern of chromosome associations that substantiated the earlier conclusion that the genomes in T. bessarabicum and T. elongatum are two versions of a basic genome (J). These hybrids will be useful in genome analysis, forming new Leymus species with the J and N genomes and broadening the diversity in the genus Pascopyrum with the SHJN genomes.Key words: hybrid, Thinopyrum, Psathyrostachys, genome.

scholarly journals Alien chromatin but not Fhb7 confers Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat breeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianrui Guo ◽  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
Jing Yuan ◽  
Mian Wang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Translocation Lines ◽  
High Level ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, seriously threaten global wheat production. Three wheat-Th.elongatum FHB resistant translocation lines have been developed and used for breeding. Transcriptomic analysis identified a derivative glutathione S-transferase transcript T26102, which was homologous to Fhb7 and induced dramatically by Fusarium graminearum. Homologs of Fhb7 were detected in several genera in Triticeae, including Thinopyrum, Elymus, Leymus, Pseudoroegeria and Roegeria. Several wheat-Thinopyrum translocation lines carrying Fhb7 remain susceptible to FHB, and transgenic plants overexpressing the T26102 on different backgrounds did not improve the FHB resistance. Taken as a whole, we show the application of the chromatin derived from diploid Thinopyrum elongatum successfully conferring wheat with high level FHB resistance independent of the Fhb7.One Sentence SummaryThinopyrum elongatum chromatin from 7EL was successfully applied to wheat FHB resistance breeding, but the resistant gene other than the reported Fhb7 remained unknown.

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