Structure–Toxicity Relationships for the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas: Narcotic Industrial Chemicals

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilman D. Veith ◽  
Daniel J. Call ◽  
L. T. Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Chemical Activity ◽  
Alkyl Halides ◽  
Log P ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Water Partition Coefficient ◽  
The Common ◽  
Structure Toxicity Relationship ◽  
Toxicity Relationship

Narcosis is a reversible state of arrested activity of protoplasmic structures caused by a wide variety of organic chemicals. This nonspecific mode of toxic action was found predominant in acute toxicity studies of industrial chemicals and fish. This paper presents 96-h LC50 values for 65 industrial chemicals including alcohols, ketones, ethers, alkyl halides, and substituted benzenes. The common mode of action permitted the development of a structure–toxicity relationship as follows: log LC50 = −0.94 log P + 0.94 log (0.000068P + 1) −1.25 where P is the n-octanol/water partition coefficient. The data show that the toxicity of the chemicals to fish is directly comparable with the toxicity in mammals when expressed as chemical activity.

scholarly journals Machine learning-based prediction of toxicity of organic compounds towards fathead minnow

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (59) ◽  
pp. 36174-36180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingmei Chen ◽  
Limin Dang ◽  
Hai Yang ◽  
Xianwei Huang ◽  
Xinliang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Structure Toxicity Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Toxicity Relationship

A quantitative structure–toxicity relationship of 963 chemicals against fathead minnow was developed by using support vector machine and genetic algorithm.

The biology of two Eimeria species (Protista: Apicomplexa) in their mutual fish hosts in Ontario

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brockley Paterson ◽  
Sherwin S. Desser
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fish Hosts

Eimeria degiustii and E. iroquoina were studied in natural infections of their mutual cyprinid hosts the common shiner, Notropis cornutus, and the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Experimental infections involved lab-reared fathead minnows. Oocysts were acclimated to different temperatures to investigate the effects upon the parasites' development and infectivity.Eimeria degiustii occurred at 21% prevalence in common shiners 2 years of age or older. Development was parenteral. Gametogony was recorded during the winter in the spleen and oocysts were found primarily in this site.Viurtally all Notropis cornutus 4 to 5 weeks of age were infected with E. iroquoina. Fish 1 year old or older act as reservoirs of infections with about 30% prevalence. Eimeria iroquoina develops in the intestinal epithelium, primarily immediately posterior to the bile duct. During the winter autoinfection of the posterior intestine possibly occurs. Transmission of E. iroquoina from N. cornutus to P. promelas demonstrates this parasite's lack of rigid host specificity.Eimeria degiustii and E. iroquoina appear to minimize competition in mutual hosts by infecting different age-classes in different sites and by forming oocysts primarily at different times of year. Eimeria iroquoina is transmitted directly. Eimeria degiustii probably requires an invertebrate intermediate host.

Measuring and Estimating the Bioconcentration Factor of Chemicals in Fish

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilman D. Veith ◽  
David L. DeFoe ◽  
Barbara V. Bergstedt
Keyword(s):  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Log P ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors ◽  
First Order ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Water Partition Coefficient ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Composite Samples

A method of estimating the bioconcentration factor of organic chemicals in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) is described. Water at 25 °C was intermittently dosed with the chemical at a nontoxic concentration in a flow-through aquarium. Thirty minnows are placed in the aquarium, and composite samples of five fish are removed for analysis after 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32 d of exposure. The bioconcentration process is summarized by using the first-order uptake model, and the steady-state bioconcentration factor is calculated from the 32-d exposure. A structure-activity correlation between the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and the n-octanol/water partition coefficient (P) of individual chemicals is summarized by the equation log BCF = 0.85 log P − 0.70, which permits the estimation of the bioconcentration factor of chemicals to within 60% before laboratory testing. The facilities and resources for testing need be used only for those chemicals that are likely to result in substantial bioconcentration in organisms. The bioconcentration factors derived from tests of mixtures of chemicals are shown to be the same as those derived from tests with the chemicals individually. Key words: bioconcentration factor, bioaccumulation, structure-activity, bioassay

Responses in a Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Lifecycle Test and in Wild White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni) Exposed to a Canadian Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. Parrott ◽  
L. Mark Hewitt ◽  
Tibor G. Kovacs ◽  
Deborah L. MacLatchy ◽  
Pierre H. Martel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Kraft Mill Effluent ◽  
Kraft Mill

Abstract To evaluate currently available bioassays for their use in investigating the causes of pulp and paper mill effluent effects on fish reproduction, the responses of wild white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) collected from the receiving environment at the bleached kraft mill at La Tuque, Quebec, were compared with responses of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) exposed to effluent in a laboratory lifecycle test. White sucker collected at effluent exposed sites had increased liver size but none of the reproductive effects that had been documented in earlier field studies at this site. Exposure to 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100% bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) in the lab led to significantly decreased length, but increased weight and liver size in male fathead minnow. Female length was also decreased and liver size was increased at high effluent exposures. Most effluent concentrations (1 to 30%) significantly increased egg production compared with controls. The fathead minnow lifecycle assay mirrored the effects seen in wild fish captured downstream of the BKME discharge. These results will be used to select short-term fish tests for investigating the causes of and solutions to the effects of mill effluents on fish reproduction.

Relationships between Cellular Toxicity, the Maximum Tolerated Dose, Lipophilicity and Electrophilicity

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-562
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Rosenkranz ◽  
Edwin J. Matthews ◽  
Gilles Klopman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Log P ◽  
Lumo Energy ◽  
Cellular Toxicity ◽  
Water Partition Coefficient ◽  
The Us ◽  
Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital ◽  
Rats And Mice

Results on cellular toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for rats and mice were available for approximately 175 chemicals tested by the US National Toxicology Program. Additionally, the computed log P (log octanol-water partition coefficient) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy values, a measure of electrophilicity were also available for most of these chemicals. Analysis of the chemicals on the basis of their physical and quantum chemical properties and their toxic effects on cultured cells and rodents showed that: 1) as a group, the more toxic chemicals showed a trend towards higher LUMO energies (i.e. less electrophilic); 2) cytotoxic chemicals exhibited increased lipophilicity; and 3) cytotoxic chemicals were associated with increased systemic toxicity (as measured by the MTD). None of these relationships was expressed in a significant linear fashion as a function of the concentration at which the chemicals exhibited cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals nLethal and sublethal effects of diluted bitumen and conventional oil on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae exposed during their early development

2021 ◽  
pp. 105884
Author(s):  
Roxanne Bérubé ◽  
Charles Gauthier ◽  
Thibault Bourdin ◽  
Marilou Bouffard ◽  
Gaëlle Triffault-Bouchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Conventional Oil

Thiophenes as mosquito larvicides: Structure-toxicity relationship analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. Marles ◽  
R.Lilia Compadre ◽  
Cesar M. Compadre ◽  
Chantal Soucy-Breau ◽  
Robert W. Redmond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Mosquito Larvicides ◽  
Structure Toxicity Relationship ◽  
Toxicity Relationship

Environmental Gestagens Activate Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Nuclear Progesterone and Androgen Receptors in Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (14) ◽  
pp. 8179-8187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Ellestad ◽  
Mary Cardon ◽  
Ian G. Chambers ◽  
Jennifer L. Farmer ◽  
Phillip Hartig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Pimephales Promelas
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