Dynamics of the Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) Population in Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin, 1955–72

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1800-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Kempinger ◽  
Robert F. Carline
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Size Limit ◽  
Equilibrium Yield ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Warmwater Fish

Harvest and population dynamics of warmwater fish populations in Escanaba Lake have been under study since 1946, when complete creel census was initiated. Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were among the most important species in the sport catch. The purpose of this report is to describe dynamics of the walleye population from 1955 to 1972.Annual densities of age 3 and older walleye in spring ranged from 13 to 52/ha (mean = 34) and standing crops averaged 12.3 kg/ha. Annual densities of fall fingerlings appeared to be the most important factor influencing size of adult populations. We were unable to isolate factors that governed densities of fall fingerlings. Year-class strength was not affected by water temperatures during incubation nor by size of fall fingerlings. Growth rates of fingerling walleye were density-independent. Survival of fingerlings to age 3 averaged 12% annually; survival was not influenced by size of fingerlings nor by density of potential predators. We found no evidence to suggest that cannibalism had any effect on density of fingerlings or their survival to age 3. Total mortality of adult walleye averaged 47% annually and exploitation rate was 28%. Ricker's (1975) equilibrium yield model was used to assess possible effects of a size limit on walleye yields. We concluded that a size limit would lead to an increase in population biomass, a decrease in growth, and that yields would not change greatly. Key words: Percidae, population dynamics, Stizostedion, harvest, abundance, density, regulations, survival, production, equilibrium yield, biomass

A Surplus Yield Model Incorporating Recruitment and Applied to a Stock of Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert G. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Equilibrium Yield ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Nonequilibrium Conditions

A modification of Schaefer's surplus yield model that takes into account variations in year-class strength is introduced. Expressions for long-term equilibrium yield under assumptions of both linear and density-dependent recruitment are derived and compared. Strategies for exploitation under nonequilibrium conditions are discussed and equations derived. The model is fitted to a stock of mackerel and projections for the stock biomass in 1980 under various levels of fishing mortality are made. Key words: mathematical model, fisheries management, stock biomass projections

Population Dynamics of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) in Lake St. Clair, Especially During 1970–76

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1869-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The 1960S

The fish community in Lake St. Clair has remained fairly stable over the past century despite extensive shoreline modifications, a tenfold increase in population in the drainage area, and exploitation from commercial and recreational fisheries. The lake is productive because of its shallowness and fertile drainage basin. The flushing action of clean water from Lake Huron has restrained deterioration of habitat from euthrophication in most areas.Annual commercial fishery landings of walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) in the 1960s were five times greater than in the previous 50 yr. The larger catches were due, in part, to increased effort, but also reflect a real increase in the walleye population. In contrast, the sauger (S. canadense) declined in abundance through the 1950s and disappeared from commercial landings in the early 1960s. As commercial fishing in Ontario waters of Lake St. Clair was banned in 1970 due to the discovery of high concentrations of mercury in fishes, information on the percid populations was restricted to that obtained from index fishing. Between 1970 and 1976, in association with weak year-classes, the mean age of walleye increased from 2.9 to 5.8 yr. Direct correlations between year-class strength and environmental factors were not evident from the available data. Fishing pressure was reduced considerably after 1970 and is not considered to be an important factor in the low recruitment. The yellow perch (Perca flavescens) population showed no evidence of a change in age distribution during the 1970–76 period. The reasons for the reduction in walleye recruitment after 1970 are not clear, but it is possible that the succession of strong year-classes in the 1960s was exceptional and that the recruitment in the 1970s is closer to the normal condition for walleyes in Lake St. Clair. Key words: Percidae, Lake St. Clair percids, Stizostedion, Perca, population dynamics, exploitation, community ecology

Year-Class Abundance, Population, and Production of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) in Clear Lake, Iowa, 1948–74, with Varied Fry Stocking Rates

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1792-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Carlander ◽  
Philip Michael Payne
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Clear Lake ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
As Effects ◽  
Annual Mortality

Year-class abundance of walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, in Clear Lake from 1948 to 1974 was significantly correlated (r = 0.613) with annual fry stocking, which was varied from 0 to 6070 fry/ha. Abundance of young walleye seined along shore was even more highly correlated with fry stocking (r = 0.819) but not significantly correlated with year-class abundance (r = 0.179) indicating that year-class strength may change between the first summer and later years. No correlation was found between year-class abundance and temperature in summed degree-days, water levels, or abundance of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, as effects were probably masked by the fry stocking. Growth of age 0 and I walleye were negatively correlated with fry stocking (r = −0.42 and r = −0.41, respectively), but growth of age V walleye was positively correlated (r = 0.70). Growth was also correlated with water levels (r = 0.79). Annual mortality rate averaged 42%. Standing crop ranged from 2.63 to 16.52 kg/ha and annual production from 1.01 to 9.31 kg/ha. Production per biomass was low when water levels were low. Key words: Percidae, walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, population dynamics, productions, Clear Lake, Iowa, stocking

scholarly journals A random effects population dynamics model based on proportions-at-age and removal data for estimating total mortality

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1881-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena M. Trenkel ◽  
Mark V. Bravington ◽  
Pascal Lorance
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Estimation Bias ◽  
Effective Sample Size ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Population Dynamics Model ◽  
Study Parameter

Catch curves are widely used to estimate total mortality for exploited marine populations. The usual population dynamics model assumes constant recruitment across years and constant total mortality. We extend this to include annual recruitment and annual total mortality. Recruitment is treated as an uncorrelated random effect, while total mortality is modelled by a random walk. Data requirements are minimal as only proportions-at-age and total catches are needed. We obtain the effective sample size for aggregated proportion-at-age data based on fitting Dirichlet-multinomial distributions to the raw sampling data. Parameter estimation is carried out by approximate likelihood. We use simulations to study parameter estimability and estimation bias of four model versions, including models treating mortality as fixed effects and misspecified models. All model versions were, in general, estimable, though for certain parameter values or replicate runs they were not. Relative estimation bias of final year total mortalities and depletion rates were lower for the proposed random effects model compared with the fixed effects version for total mortality. The model is demonstrated for the case of blue ling (Molva dypterygia) to the west of the British Isles for the period 1988 to 2011.

Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Populations and Fisheries of the Red Lakes, Minnesota, 1930–75

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1774-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd L. Smith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Commercial Fishery ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Catch Statistics

In an investigation of the commercial fishery of Red Lakes, Minnesota, for the 46-yr period 1930–75, catch statistics were analyzed, and the dynamics of the perch and walleye populations were examined. Mean annual yields of walleye for two statistical periods, 1930–53 and 1954–75, were 309,900 and 245,100 kg, respectively for walleyes, and 96,400 and 109,500 kg for perch. Annual abundance (CPE based on average catches per day per 5-net units of gill nets) varied from 3.8 to 64.6 kg for walleye, and from 2.5 to 34.4 kg for perch. Causes of fluctuations in harvestable stock were directly related to strength of year-classes and to growth rate during the season of capture. Year-class strength was not related to the abundance of parent stock or of potential predators. The respective strengths of year-classes of perch and walleye in the same year were positively correlated (r = 0.859, P < 0.01), and are directly related to climatic factors. Growth rate of walleye in different calendar years varied from +30.7 to −42.2% of mean growth, and that of perch from +13.4 to −8.6% (1941–56). Growing season began in mid-June and was almost over by September 1. Walleye yield could be enhanced by starting harvest July 1 instead of early June. Perch yield could be improved by harvesting small perch. Key words: Percidae, Perca, population dynamics, Stizostedion, long-term yield

Environmental Factors Affecting the Strength of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) Year-Classes in Western Lake Erie, 1960–70

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1733-1743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolf-Dieter N. Busch ◽  
Russell L. Scholl ◽  
Wilbur L. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Spawning Area ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Western Lake Erie

Commercial production of walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) from western Lake Erie declined from 5.9 million pounds in 1956 to 140,000 pounds by 1969. Since 1956, marked irregularity in year-class success has developed. Only four year-classes were considered good during 1959–70. The rate and regularity of water warming during the spring spawning and incubation periods in 1960–70 had a positive effect on the density of egg deposits and the resulting year-class strength. Rates of warming were not themselves detrimental, but rather the extended length of the incubation period in cool springs increased the exposure of eggs to such negative influences as dislodgment from the spawning reefs by strong current action generated by spring storms, or siltation and low oxygen tensions. The annual brood stock size had much less influence on year-class strength than did water temperature. Reproductive success was unrelated to fluctuations in size of suitable reef spawning area caused by changes in water level. Apparently the usable spawning area at any water level is more than adequate to serve the limited walleye brood stocks.

The Thermal Regime of South Bay, Manitoulin Island

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McCombie
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Vertical Temperature ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
History Of

The thermal regime of South Bay is described from records collected from 1953 to 1962 with thermometers, thermographs, and bathythermographs, the last being cast at 11 stations along the bay and one in Lake Huron. Warming begins in April and thermal stratification is established in June. Shallow areas warm more rapidly than deep in the spring and cool more quickly in autumn. The boundary between the epilimnion and the thermocline becomes sharper as summer advances but the transition from thermocline to hypolimnion remains gradual. The average seasonal trend of surface temperatures is a sine function with a maximum of 66 F in mid August and a minimum of 34 F in late March, though values outside this range occur frequently. At 180 ft the maximum of 47 F is attained in November. At the lake and outermost bay stations there is a temperature slump in June and July which may be due to an upwelling in the lake. Evidence of an exchange of water between the lake and bay is seen in vertical temperature sections and water movements Variations in epilimnial temperatures are correlated with those of the air temperature, but variations in epilimnial and hypolimnial temperatures appear to be unrelated. Finally, literature describing the influence of temperature on the year class strength of smallmouth bass, the distribution of lake trout, the growth of yellow perch, and the life history of Pontoporeia in South Bay is reviewed.

Responses of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Populations to Removal of White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from a Minnesota Lake, 1966

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Fish Species Diversity

In a northeastern Minnesota lake subject only to sportfishing, removal of 85% of the estimated standing crop (34 kg/ha) of adult white suckers, Catostomus commersoni in 1966 was followed by marked changes in community structure and interrelations. During 7 yr alter the removal: catch indices for adult suckers remained far below those before the sucker removal but juvenile suckers increased about 17-fold; yellow perch, Perca flavescens, increased about 15-fold; walleye Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, standing crop increased about one-third; mayflies increased in diet of adult perch and smaller invertebrates decreased; micro-crustaceans increased in diet of young-of-the-year and juvenile perch; young-of-the-year perch increased in diet of adult walleye; walleye angling yield increased from an average of 3.0 kg/ha before the removal to an average of 4.9 kg/ha in 1970–73; the rate of exploitation of adult walleye did not change with increase in angling effort; and the increased walleye harvest consisted mostly of fish recruited to the catch during the fishing season. The average annual harvest of walleye in 1970–73 exceeded estimated potential production for all fish by 81.5% and probably cannot be sustained. Removal of white suckers from lakes with limited fish species diversity appears to benefit percid populations. Key words: Percidae, species interactions, (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum), Perca flavescens, Catostomus commersoni, harvests, community response, community ecology, food, competition

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