Year-Class Abundance, Population, and Production of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) in Clear Lake, Iowa, 1948–74, with Varied Fry Stocking Rates

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1792-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Carlander ◽  
Philip Michael Payne
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Clear Lake ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
As Effects ◽  
Annual Mortality

Year-class abundance of walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, in Clear Lake from 1948 to 1974 was significantly correlated (r = 0.613) with annual fry stocking, which was varied from 0 to 6070 fry/ha. Abundance of young walleye seined along shore was even more highly correlated with fry stocking (r = 0.819) but not significantly correlated with year-class abundance (r = 0.179) indicating that year-class strength may change between the first summer and later years. No correlation was found between year-class abundance and temperature in summed degree-days, water levels, or abundance of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, as effects were probably masked by the fry stocking. Growth of age 0 and I walleye were negatively correlated with fry stocking (r = −0.42 and r = −0.41, respectively), but growth of age V walleye was positively correlated (r = 0.70). Growth was also correlated with water levels (r = 0.79). Annual mortality rate averaged 42%. Standing crop ranged from 2.63 to 16.52 kg/ha and annual production from 1.01 to 9.31 kg/ha. Production per biomass was low when water levels were low. Key words: Percidae, walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, population dynamics, productions, Clear Lake, Iowa, stocking

Dynamics of the Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) Population in Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin, 1955–72

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1800-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Kempinger ◽  
Robert F. Carline
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Size Limit ◽  
Equilibrium Yield ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Warmwater Fish

Harvest and population dynamics of warmwater fish populations in Escanaba Lake have been under study since 1946, when complete creel census was initiated. Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were among the most important species in the sport catch. The purpose of this report is to describe dynamics of the walleye population from 1955 to 1972.Annual densities of age 3 and older walleye in spring ranged from 13 to 52/ha (mean = 34) and standing crops averaged 12.3 kg/ha. Annual densities of fall fingerlings appeared to be the most important factor influencing size of adult populations. We were unable to isolate factors that governed densities of fall fingerlings. Year-class strength was not affected by water temperatures during incubation nor by size of fall fingerlings. Growth rates of fingerling walleye were density-independent. Survival of fingerlings to age 3 averaged 12% annually; survival was not influenced by size of fingerlings nor by density of potential predators. We found no evidence to suggest that cannibalism had any effect on density of fingerlings or their survival to age 3. Total mortality of adult walleye averaged 47% annually and exploitation rate was 28%. Ricker's (1975) equilibrium yield model was used to assess possible effects of a size limit on walleye yields. We concluded that a size limit would lead to an increase in population biomass, a decrease in growth, and that yields would not change greatly. Key words: Percidae, population dynamics, Stizostedion, harvest, abundance, density, regulations, survival, production, equilibrium yield, biomass

Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Populations and Fisheries of the Red Lakes, Minnesota, 1930–75

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1774-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd L. Smith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Commercial Fishery ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Catch Statistics

In an investigation of the commercial fishery of Red Lakes, Minnesota, for the 46-yr period 1930–75, catch statistics were analyzed, and the dynamics of the perch and walleye populations were examined. Mean annual yields of walleye for two statistical periods, 1930–53 and 1954–75, were 309,900 and 245,100 kg, respectively for walleyes, and 96,400 and 109,500 kg for perch. Annual abundance (CPE based on average catches per day per 5-net units of gill nets) varied from 3.8 to 64.6 kg for walleye, and from 2.5 to 34.4 kg for perch. Causes of fluctuations in harvestable stock were directly related to strength of year-classes and to growth rate during the season of capture. Year-class strength was not related to the abundance of parent stock or of potential predators. The respective strengths of year-classes of perch and walleye in the same year were positively correlated (r = 0.859, P < 0.01), and are directly related to climatic factors. Growth rate of walleye in different calendar years varied from +30.7 to −42.2% of mean growth, and that of perch from +13.4 to −8.6% (1941–56). Growing season began in mid-June and was almost over by September 1. Walleye yield could be enhanced by starting harvest July 1 instead of early June. Perch yield could be improved by harvesting small perch. Key words: Percidae, Perca, population dynamics, Stizostedion, long-term yield

Environmental Factors Affecting the Strength of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) Year-Classes in Western Lake Erie, 1960–70

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1733-1743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolf-Dieter N. Busch ◽  
Russell L. Scholl ◽  
Wilbur L. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Spawning Area ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Western Lake Erie

Commercial production of walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) from western Lake Erie declined from 5.9 million pounds in 1956 to 140,000 pounds by 1969. Since 1956, marked irregularity in year-class success has developed. Only four year-classes were considered good during 1959–70. The rate and regularity of water warming during the spring spawning and incubation periods in 1960–70 had a positive effect on the density of egg deposits and the resulting year-class strength. Rates of warming were not themselves detrimental, but rather the extended length of the incubation period in cool springs increased the exposure of eggs to such negative influences as dislodgment from the spawning reefs by strong current action generated by spring storms, or siltation and low oxygen tensions. The annual brood stock size had much less influence on year-class strength than did water temperature. Reproductive success was unrelated to fluctuations in size of suitable reef spawning area caused by changes in water level. Apparently the usable spawning area at any water level is more than adequate to serve the limited walleye brood stocks.

The Thermal Regime of South Bay, Manitoulin Island

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McCombie
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Vertical Temperature ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
History Of

The thermal regime of South Bay is described from records collected from 1953 to 1962 with thermometers, thermographs, and bathythermographs, the last being cast at 11 stations along the bay and one in Lake Huron. Warming begins in April and thermal stratification is established in June. Shallow areas warm more rapidly than deep in the spring and cool more quickly in autumn. The boundary between the epilimnion and the thermocline becomes sharper as summer advances but the transition from thermocline to hypolimnion remains gradual. The average seasonal trend of surface temperatures is a sine function with a maximum of 66 F in mid August and a minimum of 34 F in late March, though values outside this range occur frequently. At 180 ft the maximum of 47 F is attained in November. At the lake and outermost bay stations there is a temperature slump in June and July which may be due to an upwelling in the lake. Evidence of an exchange of water between the lake and bay is seen in vertical temperature sections and water movements Variations in epilimnial temperatures are correlated with those of the air temperature, but variations in epilimnial and hypolimnial temperatures appear to be unrelated. Finally, literature describing the influence of temperature on the year class strength of smallmouth bass, the distribution of lake trout, the growth of yellow perch, and the life history of Pontoporeia in South Bay is reviewed.

Short-term growth (RNA/DNA ratio) of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in relation to environmental influences and spatio-temporal variation in a shallow fluvial lake

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1646-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Glémet ◽  
Marco A Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Flood Pulse Concept ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Shallow fluvial lakes are heterogeneous ecosystems in which marked spatio-temporal variation renders difficult the analysis of key ecological processes, such as growth. In this study, we used generalized additive modelling of the RNA/DNA ratio, an index of short-term growth, to investigate the influence of environmental variables and spatio-temporal variation on growth of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in Lake St. Pierre, Quebec, Canada. Temperature and water level had seemingly stronger effects on short-term growth than seasonal change or spatial variation between and along the lakeshores. Consistent with previous studies, the maximum RNA/DNA ratio was found at 20.5 °C, suggesting that our approach provides a useful tool for estimating thermal optima for growth in the field. The RNA/DNA ratio showed a positive relationship with water level, as predicted by the flood pulse concept, a finding with implications for ecosystem productivity in fluvial lakes. The RNA/DNA ratio was more variable along the north than the south shore, possibly reflecting exposure to more differentiated water masses. The negative influence of both high temperatures and low water levels on growth points to potential impacts of climatic change on fish production in shallow fluvial lakes.

Superphosphate and stocking rate effects on a native pasture oversown with Stylosanthes humilis in central coastal Queensland. 3. The balance of native species in the pasture

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (95) ◽  
pp. 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
NH Shaw ◽  
MB Dale
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Heteropogon Contortus ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
Total Exchange Capacity ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Stocking Rates

The percentage frequency of all herbaceous species in a native pasture oversown with S. humilis (T.S.) was measured at the beginning and end of an eight-year grazing experiment. Treatments imposed were three levels of molybdenized superphosphate (nil; 125 kg ha-1 annually; 250 kg ha-1 annually plus an extra 250 kg ha-1 initially) in factorial combination with four stocking rates and two sowing methods for T.S. (ground sowing into spaced cultivated strips or aerial sowing). Stocking rates were gradually increased during the experiment and for the last three years overlapping ranges were used for the three fertilizer levels; the overall range was then from 0.55 to 1.65 beast ha-1. Treatments did not induce any major changes in the proportions of native species in the pasture. Heteropogon contortus remained dominant and its frequency increased in all treatments. Of the total of 113 species recorded, only 18 reached 10 per cent frequency in at least one paddock on one occasion. Several of these showed statistically significant changes in response to treatment, but their relative importance was not greatly changed. Examination of the results by principal co-ordinate and canonical analysis, showed that the first vectors of the two data sets were highly correlated, indicating that the major control on floristic composition was not changed by oversowing with T.S. or by the treatments imposed. Treatment effects dominated in the second and third vectors in the final year. The controlling vector was found to be highly correlated with soil calcium, potassium, total exchange capacity and organic carbon, but the basis for the correlations remains undetermined.

Responses of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Populations to Removal of White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from a Minnesota Lake, 1966

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Fish Species Diversity

In a northeastern Minnesota lake subject only to sportfishing, removal of 85% of the estimated standing crop (34 kg/ha) of adult white suckers, Catostomus commersoni in 1966 was followed by marked changes in community structure and interrelations. During 7 yr alter the removal: catch indices for adult suckers remained far below those before the sucker removal but juvenile suckers increased about 17-fold; yellow perch, Perca flavescens, increased about 15-fold; walleye Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, standing crop increased about one-third; mayflies increased in diet of adult perch and smaller invertebrates decreased; micro-crustaceans increased in diet of young-of-the-year and juvenile perch; young-of-the-year perch increased in diet of adult walleye; walleye angling yield increased from an average of 3.0 kg/ha before the removal to an average of 4.9 kg/ha in 1970–73; the rate of exploitation of adult walleye did not change with increase in angling effort; and the increased walleye harvest consisted mostly of fish recruited to the catch during the fishing season. The average annual harvest of walleye in 1970–73 exceeded estimated potential production for all fish by 81.5% and probably cannot be sustained. Removal of white suckers from lakes with limited fish species diversity appears to benefit percid populations. Key words: Percidae, species interactions, (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum), Perca flavescens, Catostomus commersoni, harvests, community response, community ecology, food, competition

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