Mineral Metabolism During the Ontogenesis of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2587-2591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim H. Zeitoun ◽  
Duane E. Ullrey ◽  
Werner G. Bergen ◽  
William T. Magee
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Unfertilized Oocyte

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) eggs were collected from three females, fertilized by the milt of two males per female, and incubated separately. Samples were taken before fertilization, at +0.5 h and on days 1, 1.5, 3, 4, 5, 13, 17, 21, at hatching (23 days), and on day 37, immediately after postyolk absorption. The water environment contributed an estimated minimum 26% of the Na, 30% of the Fe, and 13% of the Zn found at hatching. Derivation of Ca, Na, K, Fe, and Zn from the water environment at postyolk absorption was estimated to be at least 70, 76, 45, 68, and 2%, respectively. All the P and Cu at hatching and in the larva could have been derived from the unfertilized oocyte.

Effect of Graded Levels of Supplemental Ascorbic Acid in Practical Diets Fed to Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Hilton ◽  
C. Y. Cho ◽  
S. J. Slinger
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Iron Mineral ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Vitamin Requirement ◽  
Key Words Ascorbic Acid

Deficiency symptoms, including anorexia, lethargy, lying prostrate at the bottom of the tank, scoliosis, and lordosis, were noted 20 wk after the start of the experiment in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) held at 15 °C and fed a diet with no supplemental ascorbic acid. The apparent requirement was 40 mg/kg of supplemental ascorbic acid; however, the amount added to trout diets should be in excess of this level due to processing and storage losses and other factors. The ascorbic acid requirement for rainbow trout appears to vary with the age and rate of growth of the trout in that the requirement is higher in young fish. Ascorbic acid was noted to function in the iron metabolism of rainbow trout. Liver and spleen iron levels were correlated with the ascorbic acid level in the diet and suggest either a redistribution of iron stores due to impaired release of iron from reticuloendothelial stores or an increase in the efficiency of intestinal iron absorption. Scorbutic trout developed a gradual but progressive anemia. Key words: ascorbic acid, rainbow trout, vitamin requirement, iron, mineral metabolism, anemia

Effect of Shock Exposures of Chlorine on the Plasma Electrolyte Concentrations of Adult Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1034-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim H. Zeitoun ◽  
Leroy D. Hughes ◽  
Duane E. Ullrey
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Retention Mechanism ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte ◽  
Fish Blood ◽  
Plasma Electrolytes ◽  
Test Fish ◽  
Copper Zinc

Blood was pooled from randomly selected 3-yr-old rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) before addition of chlorine to their water environment and afterward when fish began to gulp for air and lose equilibrium. In five duplicate tests, plasma concentrations of phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, and potassium increased substantially in the stressed fish. Calcium concentration was also higher, but not significantly so in the plasma of the test fish as compared with those of the controls. Sodium was the only electrolyte that dropped substantially (P < 0.01) in the test fish as compared with the controls.Chlorine toxicity appeared to disturb the mineral homeostasis in the fish blood. Rapid recruitment of electrolytes from the environment and movement into the plasma, a strong mineral retention mechanism, or mobilization of body mineral stores worked together or individually to compensate for those minerals lost with water during hemoconcentration. Key words: rainbow trout, plasma electrolytes, chlorine, hemolysis, hematology, toxicology

Purging a Muddy–Earthy Flavor Taint from Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) by Transferring to Artificial and Natural Holding Environments

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Iredale ◽  
R. K. York
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Clear Water ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Artificial Water

Studies were conducted to determine the length of time required to purge a muddy–earthy flavor taint from pond cultured rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) transferred to two different clear water environments. Sensory data from trained judges show that this required 5 days for fish transferred to a rapidly changing purified artificial water environment and 16 days for fish transferred to a relatively static natural water environment to reduce this taint to or below threshold levels of recognition.

Temperature Selection of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Fingerlings in Vertical and Horizontal Gradients

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. McCauley ◽  
W. L. Pond
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Temperature Selection ◽  
Horizontal Gradients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients ◽  
Selection Of

Preferred temperatures of underyearling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were determined in both vertical and horizontal temperature gradients. No statistically significant difference was found between the preferred temperatures by the two different methods. This suggests that the nature of the gradient plays a lesser role than generally believed in laboratory investigations of temperature preference.

scholarly journals The Distribution of 35S-Sulfadiazine and 14G-Trimethoprim in Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri

1979 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torill Bergsjø ◽  
Inger Nafstad ◽  
Kristian Ingebrigtsen
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri
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