Zinc Uptake by Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Exposed to a Lethal Concentration of Zinc at 3, 11, and 19 C

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2552-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Exposure

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) acclimated to 3, 11, and 19 C took up high concentrations of zinc in gill tissues during exposures to a nominal 14 mg/liter of zinc. The rate of zinc uptake, as shown by 65Zn tracer, increased from a minimum at 3 C to a maximum at 19 C. In fish killed by zinc exposure, zinc concentrations in gills were highest at 19 C and lowest at 3 and 11 C.

scholarly journals Inferring marine distribution of Canadian and Irish Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the North Atlantic from tissue concentrations of bio-accumulated caesium 137

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron D. Spares ◽  
Jeffery M. Reader ◽  
Michael J. W. Stokesbury ◽  
Tom McDermott ◽  
Lubomir Zikovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractSpares, A.D., Reader, J.M., Stokesbury, M.J.W., McDermott, T., Zikovsky, L., Avery, T.S., and Dadswell, M.J. 2007. Inferring marine distribution of Canadian and Irish Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the North Atlantic from tissue concentrations of bio-accumulated caesium 137. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 394–404. Atlantic salmon returning from marine migrations to eastern Canada and western Ireland during 2002 and 2003 were analysed for tissue concentrations of bio-accumulated caesium 137 (137Cs). Salmon from Canadian and Irish waters demonstrated concentrations (0.20 ± 0.14 Bq kg−1 and 0.19 ± 0.09 Bq kg−1, mean ± s.d., respectively) suggesting similar oceanic feeding distributions during migration. Canadian aquaculture escapees had a similar mean tissue concentration (0.28 ± 0.22 Bq kg−1), suggesting migration with wild salmon. However, significantly higher concentrations in 1-sea-winter (1SW) escapees (0.43 ± 0.25 Bq kg−1) may alternatively suggest feeding within local estuaries. High concentrations in some Canadian 1SW salmon indicated trans-Atlantic migration. Low concentrations of Canadian multi-sea-winter (MSW) salmon suggested a feeding distribution in the Labrador and Irminger Seas before homeward migration, because those regions have the lowest surface water 137Cs levels. Estimates of wild Canadian and Irish salmon feeding east of the Faroes (∼8°W) were 14.2% and 10.0% (1SW, 24.7% and 11.5%; MSW, 2.9% and 0.0%), respectively. We propose that most anadromous North Atlantic salmon utilize the North Atlantic Gyre for marine migration and should be classified as a single trans-Atlantic straddling stock.

The Uptake and Detoxification of C14-labelled DDT in Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar

1963 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 827-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Premdas ◽  
J. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Swim Bladder ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

Atlantic salmon underyearlings were exposed to 1 ppm DDT-C14 and the amounts of DDT adsorbed to external surfaces and absorbed internally determined separately on the basis of the C14 activity. Fish killed by the exposure contained on the average 5.87 ppm DDT of which almost two-thirds represented absorbed DDT. After only 5 minutes exposure appreciable quantities of DDT were found throughout the body. At all times, up to and including the time to death, high concentrations of DDT were found in the gills, liver, spleen, heart, kidneys, gonads, and swim bladder. Much smaller concentrations occurred in the stomach, intestines, brain and spinal cord. The muscles, bone, and integument contained the least. It was concluded that DDT entered mainly through the gills from whence it was transported throughout the body via bone circulatory system.Bioassays showed that on the average almost two-thirds of the absorbed DDT was non-toxic, or at least relatively so, to mosquito larvae. The adsorbed DDT showed little, if any, loss of toxicity.

Temperature-Induced Changes in Acute Toxicity of Zinc to Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Hodson ◽  
John B. Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Polluted Rivers ◽  
Induced Changes

Three groups of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr were acclimated to water temperatures of 3, 11, and 19 C. When exposed at their acclimation temperature to lethal concentrations of zinc, cold-acclimated salmon survived longer than warm-acclimated salmon. However, the threshold lethal concentration (LC50) of zinc was highest for salmon at 19 C, i.e. there was less toxicity at the high temperature. At test temperatures lower than prior acclimation temperatures, survival times in zinc were longer but the threshold LC50 was lower, i.e. fish were less tolerant of zinc. The opposite results were seen at temperatures above prior acclimation temperatures.The threshold LC50 may be predicted by the equation LC50 = 1.9611 − 0.1873 Ta + 0.8699 Te − 0.0414 Te2 + 0.00004 Ta Te3, where Ta = temperature of acclimation and Te = temperature of exposure.In polluted rivers, zinc concentrations may be most damaging to fish populations during the winter months. Measured concentrations of zinc and copper in the Miramichi River, New Brunswick were highest in winter when estimated toxicity of metal was also greatest.

Microstructure and texture of fresh and smoked Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fillets from fish reared and slaughtered under different conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjofn Sigurgisladottir ◽  
Margret S. Sigurdardottir ◽  
Helga Ingvarsdottir ◽  
Ole J. Torrissen ◽  
Hannes Hafsteinsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Persistence of Orally Administered Salmonella enterica Serovars Agona and Montevideo in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1336-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. NESSE ◽  
T. LØVOLD ◽  
B. BERGSJØ ◽  
K. NORDBY ◽  
C. WALLACE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Gastric Intubation

The objective of our experiments was to study the persistence and dissemination of orally administered Salmonella in smoltified Atlantic salmon. In experiment 1, salmon kept at 15°C were fed for 1 week with feed contaminated with 96 most-probable-number units of Salmonella Agona per 100 g of feed and then starved for 2 weeks. Samples were taken from the gastrointestinal tract and examined for Salmonella 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 days after the feeding ended. In experiment 2, Salmonella Agona and Montevideo were separately mixed with feed and administered by gastric intubation. Each fish received 1.0 × 108, 1.0 × 106, or 1.0 × 104 CFU. The different groups were kept in parallel at 5 and 15°C and observed for 4 weeks. Every week, three fish in each group were sacrificed, and samples were taken from the skin, the pooled internal organs, the muscle, and the gastrointestinal tract and examined for the presence of Salmonella. The results from the two experiments showed that the persistence of Salmonella in the fish was highly dependent on the dose administered. Salmonella was not recovered from any of the fish that were fed for 1 week with the lowest concentration of Salmonella. In the fish given the highest dose of Salmonella, bacteria persisted for at least 4 weeks in the gastrointestinal tract as well as, to some extent, the internal organs. The present study shows that under practical conditions in Norway, the risk of Salmonella in fish feed being passed on to the consumer of the fish is negligible.

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