Comparative Toxicity of Larval Lampricide (TFM: 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) to Selected Benthic Macroinvertebrates

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1455-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Maki ◽  
Lester Geissel ◽  
Howard E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Orconectes Propinquus ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
Comparative Toxicity ◽  
Mayfly Nymph ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Blackfly Larvae ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The acute toxicity of larval lampricide (TFM: 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) to 35 species of benthic macroinvertebrates was determined in 96-h flow-through tests. The 96-h LC50 values range from 2.1 mg/liter for blackfly larvae, Simulium pugetense, to values in excess of 38.0 mg/liter for species with heavy exoskeletons: crayfish (Orconectes propinquus), dobsonfly larvae (Chauloides sp), and dragonfly naiads (Ophiogomphus sp.) Younger individuals of the clam (Ligumia sp.) and the mayfly nymph (Ephemerella cornuta) were 2 to 1.5 times more sensitive than larger individuals of the same species. Early emergence of adults and increased locomotor activity were observed among some organisms exposed to sublethal concentrations.

Locomotor hyperactivity induced in the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, by sublethal concentrations of DDT

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1077-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik G. Ellgaard ◽  
J. Coller Ochsner ◽  
J. Keith Cox
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Bluegill Sunfish ◽  
Locomotor Hyperactivity ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

A quantitative description of the effects of sublethal concentrations of DDT on the locomotor activity of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, is presented. DDT-elicited hyperactive locomotor responses at all the concentrations examined (0.008, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, and 0.2 parts per billion (ppb)) and the degree of such responses were concentration dependent. Maximal effects at each concentration were observed within 8 days after addition of DDT to the environment. At their maxima, fish at 0.008 ppb were 1.3 times as active as control fish, whereas fish at 0.2 ppb were 3.0 times as active as controls. The effects of DDT on locomotor activity were not reversed even after the fish were transferred back into tap water for 2 weeks.

AnIn Situassessment of the acute toxicity of urban runoff to benthic macroinvertebrates

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Medeiros ◽  
Ronald Leblanc ◽  
Robert A. Coler
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Urban Runoff

Acute Toxicity of Nitrite to Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1653-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemarie C. Russo ◽  
Charlie E. Smith ◽  
Robert V. Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Flow Through

Flow-through bioassays on the acute toxicity of nitrite to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) of four different sizes (2–235 g) showed median lethal concentration (LC50) values for 4 days ranging from 0.19 to 0.39 mg/liter NO2–N. For 12-g rainbow trout the asymptotic LC50 was 0.14–0.15 mg/liter NO2–N after 8 days.

scholarly journals Anxiolytic-like effect of natural product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone isolated from Croton anisodontus in adult zebrafish via serotonergic neuromodulation involvement of the 5-HT system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Wlisses da Silva ◽  
Maria Kueirislene A. Ferreira ◽  
Emanuela L. Rebouças ◽  
Francisco Rogenio S. Mendes ◽  
Atilano Lucas dos S. Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Benzodiazepines are highly effective in combating anxiety; however, they have considerable adverse effects, so it is important to discover new safe anxiolytic agents. This study was designed to investigate the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effect of natural product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone (HTMCX) and its possible mechanisms of action in adult zebrafish. The open field and light / dark tests (n = 6 animals/group) were used to assess anxiety and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) as a seizure inducer. The 96-hour acute toxicity of HTMCX was also investigated. HTMCX (1, 3, and 10 mg / kg; v.o.) was not toxic and affected locomotor activity. The highest doses (3 and 10 mg / kg; v.o.) produced signs of anxiolytic action in the light / dark test, and this effect was abolished by the pizotifen (antagonist 5HTR1 and 5HTR2A / 2C), having the potential to form a complex in the same region of the site indicating that the anxiolytic effect via the serotonergic mechanism. However, the anxiolytic effect of HTMCX has not been abolished by flumazenil (antagonist GABARA), cyproheptadine (antagonist 5HTR2A), and granisetron (antagonist 5HTR3A / 3B). Therefore, HTMCX demonstrated an anxiolytic effect, suggesting that the 5HTR1 and 5HTR / 2C receptors may be involved in the pharmacological performance of this acetophenone in the central nervous system.

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