THE PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE CONTENT OF HUMAN BLOOD CELLS IN ANEMIA

1950 ◽  
Vol 28e (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
M. C. Blanchaer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Pyridine Nucleotide ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Nucleotide Content ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Red Cell Count

The pyridine nucleotide content of the blood cells was measured in five normal individuals and in 27 hospital patients with various degrees of anemia. The pyridine nucleotide values of 12 anemic patients who had consumed an adequate diet for some time prior to the study were higher than those of the normal subjects. A negative correlation was observed between the cellular pyridine nucleotide content and the severity of the anemia when the latter was expressed as the logarithm of either the red cell count or the hemoglobin concentration. The remaining 15 patients had dietary histories suggestive of a low intake of niacin and protein. The blood cell pyridine nucleotide levels of this group were of the same order as those of the normal subjects but in most cases were distinctly below those of the well nourished anemic patients with a comparable degree of anemia.

THE EFFECT OF NIACIN ON THE PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE CONTENT OF HUMAN BLOOD CELLS IN ANEMIA

1950 ◽  
Vol 28e (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
M. C. Blanchaer ◽  
D. E. Bergsagel ◽  
Pamela Weiss ◽  
Dorothy E. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Pyridine Nucleotide ◽  
Nucleotide Content ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Niacin Therapy ◽  
Normal Controls

The pyridine nucleotide content of the blood cells (PN/BG) of four normal individuals and five anemic patients was measured repeatedly before and after supplementing the diet with niacin. Daily doses of 50 mgm. nicotinic acid or nicotinamide failed to affect the values in the normal subjects and two well-nourished anemic patients. The same dose of nicotinic acid rapidly raised the PN/BC of three poorly nourished anemic patients to values approximating those of well-nourished subjects with similar degrees of anemia. The results obtained after saturation with niacin confirmed the previous report that the PN/BC is higher in anemic patients than in normal controls and that a negative correlation exists between the pyridine nucleotide values and the severity of the anemia. In spite of continued niacin therapy, correction of the anemia was accompanied by a gradual decrease in the values until they approached those of the normal subjects. The present findings also confirm the earlier report that changes in the PN/BC are apparently independent of moderate variations in the number of circulating leucocytes and reticulocytes and bear no relationship to the size or hemoglobin content of the red cells. The significance of these findings in relation to human niacin nutrition is discussed.

THE LACTIC DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY AND PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE CONTENT OF HUMAN BLOOD CELLS IN ANEMIA

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
M. C. Blanchaer ◽  
Pamela Weiss ◽  
D. E. Bergsagel
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pyridine Nucleotide ◽  
Nucleotide Content ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
The Relationship

The lactic dehydrogenase activity and the pyridine nucleotide content of the blood cells (PN/BC) of two normal subjects and 12 patients with various degrees of anemia was measured to determine whether the previously reported elevated PN/BC values in anemia are related to an altered metabolic activity of the cells. In 12 well nourished subjects it was found that the PN/BC, expressed in μgm. DPN per gm. of hemoglobin, was elevated in proportion to the severity of the anemia and that this increase was accompanied by a proportional rise in the cellular lactic dehydrogenase activity. The low PN/BC of two poorly nourished patients was accompanied by correspondingly low lactic dehydrogenase levels. The correlation coefficient for the relationship between the lactic dehydrogenase and PN/BC values for all the subjects was + 0.89 and was considered significant since P < 0.01. The results suggest that the potential activity of an important enzymatic step in erythrocyte glycolysis is increased in anemia in proportion to the decrease in the hemoglobin concentration and the fall in the hematocrit. The increased PN/BC under these conditions is probably a reflection of an elevated cellular diphosphopyridine nucleotide concentration.

scholarly journals THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF BLOOD

Blood ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1036-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. CLINTON TEXTER ◽  
FREDERIC G. HIRSCH ◽  
FRANCIS E. HORAN ◽  
LLOYD A. WOOD ◽  
WILLIAM C. BALLARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Red Cell Count ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Abstract 1. The blood and plasma conductance was measured in 157 blood samples. Of these, 101 were from hospital patients with a variety of clinical conditions, 33 were from normal individuals, and 23 were unclassified. 2. Blood counts were done on the same specimens. 3. An empiric equation, was found to give the red cell count from the conductivity measurements, wherein C1 = 10.49, and g is in millions per cu. mm. See PDF for Equation 4. A nomograph is presented to simplify the calculations of the red cell count.

Auditory Selective Attention in Cerebral-Palsied Individuals

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Ann Laraway
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the auditory selective attention abilities of normal and cerebral-palsied individuals. Twenty-three cerebral-palsied and 23 normal subjects between the ages of 5 and 21 were asked to repeat a series of 30 items consisting of from 2 to 4 digits in the presence of intermittent white noise. Results of the study indicate that cerebral-palsied individuals perform significantly poorer than normal individuals when the stimulus is accompanied by noise. Noise was not a significant factor in the performance of the normal subjects regardless of age.

Resonance impedance sensing of human blood cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 145-146 ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyang Zheng ◽  
Mandheerej S. Nandra ◽  
Chi-Yuan Shih ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yu-Chong Tai
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Impedance Sensing ◽  
Human Blood Cells

scholarly journals Hemoglobin Oxidation in Stored Blood Accelerates Hemolysis and Oxidative Injury to Red Blood Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mustafa ◽  
Tameem Ali Qaid Hadwan
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Red Cell Membrane ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Hemoglobin Oxidation ◽  
Rbc Indices ◽  
Methemoglobin Formation ◽  
Stored Blood

Abstract Introduction Maintaining blood supply is a challenge in blood banks. Red blood cells (RBCs) stored at 4°C experience issues of biochemical changes due to metabolism of cells, leading to changes collectively referred to as “storage lesions.” Oxidation of the red cell membrane, leading to lysis, contributes to these storage lesions. Methods Blood bags with CPD-SAGM stored at 4°C for 28 days were withdrawn aseptically on days 1, 14, and 28. Hematology analyzer was used to investigate RBC indices. Hemoglobin oxidation was studied through spectrophotometric scan of spectral change. RBC lysis was studied with the help of Drabkin's assay, and morphological changes were observed by light and scan electron microscopy. Results RBCs show progressive changes in morphology echinocytes and spherocytes on day 28. There was 0.85% RBC lysis, an approximately 20% decrease in percentage oxyhemoglobin, and a 14% increase in methemoglobin formation, which shows hemoglobin oxidation on day 28. Conclusions Oxidative damage to RBC, with an increase in storage time was observed in the present study. The observed morphological changes to RBC during the course of increased time shows that there is progressive damage to RBC membrane and a decrease in hemoglobin concentration; percentage RBC lysis is probably due to free hemoglobin and iron.

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