Neutron diffraction and proton nuclear magnetic resonance: complementary probes of in situ cellulose dimensions and primary plant cell wall structure

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1375-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Martel ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Scattering Measurements

Neutron diffraction was used to monitor the microscopic structure of cell walls from etiolated bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hypocotyls after successive chemical fractionations with ammonium oxalate – oxalic acid and potassium hydroxide. Wide angle neutron scattering measurements showed that there was no highly ordered long range structure and confirm results from proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques that there is alteration of the cell wall cellulose by chemical fractionations. Small angle scattering measurements showed that the residual cellulose microfibrils increased in diameter from 75.0 ± 2.3 to 110.0 ± 4.2 Å (1 Å = 0.1 nm) after successive treatments with ammonium oxalate – oxalic acid and potassium hydroxide. The technique has potential applications to study cellulose dimensions in situ. Key words: plant cell wall, cellulose dimensions, neutron diffraction, proton NMR.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

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