Electrical impedance analysis in plant tissues: in vivo detection of freezing injury

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2254-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. N. Zhang ◽  
J. H. M. Willison
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Membrane Injury ◽  
Tissue Impedance

Freezing injury of potato tuber tissue was studied by measuring electrical impedance, in the range of 100 Hz to 800 KHz, while the tissue was subjected to a −3 °C environment. It was found that a greater proportion of total impedance was due to electrode polarization in frozen tissues than in nonfrozen tissues. In frozen tissue, electrode impedance could be so great that tissue impedance could not be measured reliably. Analysis of tissue impedance using complex nonlinear least squares revealed some dynamics of the process of tissue freezing. After 1 h of exposure to freezing conditions, extracellular resistance began a sustained decrease. This can be explained by electrolyte leakage to extracellular space, presumably as a result of membrane injury. The capacitances of both plasma membrane and tonoplast also decreased with freezing. Key words: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber, electrical impedance, freezing injury, membrane capacitance.

Measurement of heat injury in plant tissue by using electrical impedance analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. N. Zhang ◽  
J. H. M. Willison ◽  
M. A. Cox ◽  
S. A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Membrane Capacitance ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Heat Injury ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Extracellular Resistance

Electrical impedance spectra (100 Hz to 800 kHz) were measured in pieces of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber tissue that had been heat stressed. Analysis of the impedance data based on equivalent circuits showed that tissue injury was revealed as decreases in membrane capacitance and extracellular resistance. By using a single piece of tissue, membrane thermostability (in relation to heat stress temperature or time of heat stress) was measured. Nonstressful temperature changes produced changes in tissue parameters that were fully reversible when the direction of temperature change was reversed. Stressful temperature changes produced irreversible changes in parameters. During heat injury, decrease in extracellular resistance always preceded a decrease in tonoplast capacitance. It is suggested that two stages may be involved in heat injury to membranes: functional injury leading to electrolyte leakage to extracellular space, and structural damage leading to membrane disintegration. It is concluded that electrical impedance analysis is useful in plant heat stress physiology. Key words: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber, electrical impedance, membrane capacitance, heat injury, membrane thermostability.

scholarly journals A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) for biological tissue impedance analysis and equivalent circuit modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
Nagaraju Jampana ◽  
Gilles Lubineau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Circuit Element ◽  
Tissue Impedance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Impedance Parameters

Abstract Under an alternating electrical signal, biological tissues produce a complex electrical bioimpedance that is a function of tissue composition and applied signal frequencies. By studying the bioimpedance spectra of biological tissues over a wide range of frequencies, we can noninvasively probe the physiological properties of these tissues to detect possible pathological conditions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can provide the spectra that are needed to calculate impedance parameters within a wide range of frequencies. Before impedance parameters can be calculated and tissue information extracted, impedance spectra should be processed and analyzed by a dedicated software program. National Instruments (NI) Inc. offers LabVIEW, a fast, portable, robust, user-friendly platform for designing data-analyzing software. We developed a LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) to analyze the electrical impedance spectra for tissue characterization in medical, biomedical and biological applications. Here, we test, calibrate and evaluate the performance of LEBISDI on the impedance data obtained from simulation studies as well as the practical EIS experimentations conducted on electronic circuit element combinations and the biological tissue samples. We analyze the Nyquist plots obtained from the EIS measurements and compare the equivalent circuit parameters calculated by LEBISDI with the corresponding original circuit parameters to assess the accuracy of the program developed. Calibration studies show that LEBISDI not only interpreted the simulated and circuit-element data accurately, but also successfully interpreted tissues impedance data and estimated the capacitive and resistive components produced by the compositions biological cells. Finally, LEBISDI efficiently calculated and analyzed variation in bioimpedance parameters of different tissue compositions, health and temperatures. LEBISDI can also be used for human tissue impedance analysis for electrical impedance-based tissue characterization, health analysis and disease diagnosis.

scholarly journals Estimating Cold Stress in `Beautiful Arcade' Apple Roots using Electrical Impedance Analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Privé ◽  
M.I.N. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Vital Staining ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Two Parameters

2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, electrical conductivity, and electrical impedance (Z) analyses were used to assess freezing injury of `Beautiful Arcade' apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) roots taken in late March from either the field or 3C-refrigerated storage (cold-stored). Lethal temperature (LT50) levels using TTC or electrical conductivity occurred at colder temperatures than those found using Z. Techniques varied in their ability to detect changes in cell viability with increasing cold stress. Listed in order of decreasing responsiveness they are electrical impedance (Z), electrical conductivity, and TTC vital staining. With the most sensitive technique, Z, two parameters—extracellular and total tissue electrical resistance—were about five and eight times lower (indicating more injury) for roots from the field than from cold storage. The smaller values obtained from the field roots were probably due to natural in-field freeze-thaw cycling before the controlled cold-stress tests in the laboratory. More importantly, the impedance technique provided more detailed information than TTC or electrical conductivity about how apple roots respond to cold stress and how Z may provide some insight into freeze-thaw history before injury assessment. Although this technique shows potential, future studies are required to render a complete physiological significance to the impedance parameters involved in calculating Z.

Protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning is not mediated by effects on cell-to-cell electrical coupling during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (5) ◽  
pp. H1909-H1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferran Padilla ◽  
David Garcia-Dorado ◽  
Antonio Rodríguez-Sinovas ◽  
Marisol Ruiz-Meana ◽  
Javier Inserte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junction ◽  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Electrical Coupling ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Tissue Impedance ◽  
Impulse Propagation ◽  
Junction Protein

The end-effectors of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) are not well known. It has been recently shown that transgenic mice underexpressing the gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) cannot be preconditioned. Because gap junctions allow spreading of cell death during ischemia-reperfusion in different tissues, including myocardium, we hypothesized that the protection afforded by IPC is mediated by effects on gap junction-mediated intercellular communication. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the effect of IPC (5 min ischemia-5 min reperfusion × 2) on the changes in electrical impedance (four electrode probe) and impulse propagation velocity (transmembrane action potential) induced by ischemia (60 min) and reperfusion (60 min) in isolated rat hearts. IPC ( n = 8) reduced reperfusion-induced lactate dehydrogenase release by 65.8% with respect to control hearts ( n = 9) ( P = 0.04) but had no effect on the time of onset of rigor contracture (increase in diastolic tension), electrical uncoupling (sharp changes in tissue resistivity and phase angle in impedance recordings), or block of impulse propagation during ischemia. Normalization of electrical impedance during reperfusion was also unaffected by IPC. The lack of effect of IPC on ischemic rigor contracture and on changes in tissue impedance during ischemia-reperfusion were validated under in vivo conditions in pigs submitted to 48 min of coronary occlusion and 120 min of reperfusion. IPC ( n = 12) reduced infarct size (triphenyltetrazolium) by 64.9% ( P = 0.01) with respect to controls ( n = 17). We conclude that the protection afforded by IPC is not mediated by effects on electrical coupling. This result is consistent with recent findings suggesting that Cx43 could have effects on cell survival independent on changes in cell-to-cell communication.

scholarly journals Electrode impedance analysis of chronic tungsten microwire neural implants: understanding abiotic vs. biotic contributions

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanath Sankar ◽  
Erin Patrick ◽  
Robert Dieme ◽  
Justin C. Sanchez ◽  
Abhishek Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Neural Implants
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