scholarly journals A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) for biological tissue impedance analysis and equivalent circuit modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
Nagaraju Jampana ◽  
Gilles Lubineau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Circuit Element ◽  
Tissue Impedance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Impedance Parameters

Abstract Under an alternating electrical signal, biological tissues produce a complex electrical bioimpedance that is a function of tissue composition and applied signal frequencies. By studying the bioimpedance spectra of biological tissues over a wide range of frequencies, we can noninvasively probe the physiological properties of these tissues to detect possible pathological conditions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can provide the spectra that are needed to calculate impedance parameters within a wide range of frequencies. Before impedance parameters can be calculated and tissue information extracted, impedance spectra should be processed and analyzed by a dedicated software program. National Instruments (NI) Inc. offers LabVIEW, a fast, portable, robust, user-friendly platform for designing data-analyzing software. We developed a LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) to analyze the electrical impedance spectra for tissue characterization in medical, biomedical and biological applications. Here, we test, calibrate and evaluate the performance of LEBISDI on the impedance data obtained from simulation studies as well as the practical EIS experimentations conducted on electronic circuit element combinations and the biological tissue samples. We analyze the Nyquist plots obtained from the EIS measurements and compare the equivalent circuit parameters calculated by LEBISDI with the corresponding original circuit parameters to assess the accuracy of the program developed. Calibration studies show that LEBISDI not only interpreted the simulated and circuit-element data accurately, but also successfully interpreted tissues impedance data and estimated the capacitive and resistive components produced by the compositions biological cells. Finally, LEBISDI efficiently calculated and analyzed variation in bioimpedance parameters of different tissue compositions, health and temperatures. LEBISDI can also be used for human tissue impedance analysis for electrical impedance-based tissue characterization, health analysis and disease diagnosis.

scholarly journals Relationship between moisture content and electrical impedance of carrot slices during drying

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ákos Kertész ◽  
Zuzana Hlaváčová ◽  
Eszter Vozáry ◽  
Lenka Staroňová
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Precision Balance

Abstract Electrical properties of food materials can give information about the inner structure and physiological state of biological tissues. Generally, the process of drying of fruits and vegetables is followed by weight loss. The aim of this study was to measure the impedance spectra of carrot slices during drying and to correlate impedance parameters to moisture content in different drying periods. Cylindrical slices were cut out from the carrot root along the axis. The slices were dried in a Venticell 111 air oven at 50°C. The weight of the slices was measured with a Denver SI-603 electronic analytical and precision balance. The weighing of the samples was performed every 30 min at the beginning of drying and every 60 min after the process. The moisture content of the samples was calculated on wet basis. The magnitude and phase angle of electrical impedance of the slices were measured with HP 4284A and 4285A precision LCR meters in the frequency range from 30 Hz to 1 MHz and from 75 kHz to 30 MHz, respectively, at voltage 1 V. The impedance measurement was performed after weighting. The change in the magnitude of impedance during drying showed a good correlation with the change in the moisture content.

Connection between Moisture Content and Electrical Parameters of Apple Slices during Drying

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Mészáros ◽  
Eszter Vozáry ◽  
David B. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Apple Slices ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Lcr Meter

Generally the drying process of fruits is followed by weight loss. The weight loss characterizes only the global moisture content of fruits and does not give information about the inner state of tissue. Electrical impedance spectroscopy of biological tissues shows ab-dispersion band that is associated with membrane structures and is sensitive to their integrity and functionality. The aim of this study was to measure the impedance spectra of apple slices during drying and to correlate impedance parameters to moisture content in the different drying periods. The electrical impedance spectra of apple slices were determined during drying by an HP 4284A Precision LCR Meter in frequency range from 30 Hz up to 1 MHz. The measured spectra were approximated by Cole-impedance elements. Parameter values for the fitted curves that characterized the state of drying tissue showed good correlation with the moisture content calculated from weight loss in the two falling-rate drying periods.

scholarly journals Bioelectrical Impedance Methods for Noninvasive Health Monitoring: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Impedance Tomography

Under the alternating electrical excitation, biological tissues produce a complex electrical impedance which depends on tissue composition, structures, health status, and applied signal frequency, and hence the bioelectrical impedance methods can be utilized for noninvasive tissue characterization. As the impedance responses of these tissue parameters vary with frequencies of the applied signal, the impedance analysis conducted over a wide frequency band provides more information about the tissue interiors which help us to better understand the biological tissues anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Over past few decades, a number of impedance based noninvasive tissue characterization techniques such as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrical impedance plethysmography (IPG), impedance cardiography (ICG), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) have been proposed and a lot of research works have been conducted on these methods for noninvasive tissue characterization and disease diagnosis. In this paper BIA, EIS, IPG, ICG, and EIT techniques and their applications in different fields have been reviewed and technical perspective of these impedance methods has been presented. The working principles, applications, merits, and demerits of these methods has been discussed in detail along with their other technical issues followed by present status and future trends.

Electrical impedance analysis in plant tissues: in vivo detection of freezing injury

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2254-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. N. Zhang ◽  
J. H. M. Willison
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Membrane Injury ◽  
Tissue Impedance

Freezing injury of potato tuber tissue was studied by measuring electrical impedance, in the range of 100 Hz to 800 KHz, while the tissue was subjected to a −3 °C environment. It was found that a greater proportion of total impedance was due to electrode polarization in frozen tissues than in nonfrozen tissues. In frozen tissue, electrode impedance could be so great that tissue impedance could not be measured reliably. Analysis of tissue impedance using complex nonlinear least squares revealed some dynamics of the process of tissue freezing. After 1 h of exposure to freezing conditions, extracellular resistance began a sustained decrease. This can be explained by electrolyte leakage to extracellular space, presumably as a result of membrane injury. The capacitances of both plasma membrane and tonoplast also decreased with freezing. Key words: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber, electrical impedance, freezing injury, membrane capacitance.

scholarly journals Extracting parasite effects of electrical bioimpedance measurements

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Dutra ◽  
Pedro Bertemes-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Tissue Impedance ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
In Series ◽  
Polarization Temperature ◽  
Parasitic Effects ◽  
Cole Model

Abstract The objective of this work is to develop a technique for filtering parasitic effects from the impedance spectra (IS) measured in biological material phantoms. IS data are contaminated with unexpected capacitive and inductive effects from cable, input/output amplifiers capacitances, electrode polarization, temperature and contact pressure when collecting data. It is proposed a model which contains an RLC-network in series with the Cole model (RSC), then called RLC-Cole. It was built four circuits composed by resistors, capacitors and inductors. An impedance analyzer (HF2IS) was used to perform the measurements in the frequency range of 1 to 3000 kHz. Data were fitted into the model and comparisons to the nominal values were made. In order to validate the proposed model, a gelatin phantom and a chicken breast muscle impedance spectra were also collected and analyzed. After filtering, Cole fitting was performed. Results showed a maximum root-mean-square error of 1% for the circuits, 2.63% for the gelatin phantom, whereas 2.01% for the chicken breast. The RLC-Cole model could significantly remove parasitic effects out of a tissue impedance spectrum measured by a 4-point electrode probe. This may be highly important in EIS systems whose objective is to discriminate a normal tissue from a cancerous one.

scholarly journals Non-invasive blood pressure as an application of electrical impedance: a short review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
C A Romero-Beltrán ◽  
A M González-Vargas ◽  
J J Cabrera-López
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Electrical Properties Of Tissues

Abstract Electrical bioimpedance (EBI) has gained importance as a diagnostic technique in medicine to determine the electrical properties of tissues. For example, it has been used in tissue characterization, cancer detection, and electromyography. Some of the characteristics of EBI are its low cost, the absence of irradiation during the measurement process, and its non-invasive nature. In this sense, there is interest in developing medical equipment that performs non-invasive measurements of blood pressure (BP). Electrical Impedance Plethysmography (EIP) is a technique commonly used to extract the waveform associated with BP. In this short review, we will cover research articles published in peer-reviewed journals during the last decades, and show developments in the area of EIP, with a brief discussion of relevant results and current challenges.

scholarly journals Fatigue-Induced Cole Electrical Impedance Model Changes of Biceps Tissue Bioimpedance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Freeborn ◽  
Bo Fu
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Model ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Fractional Order Circuits

Bioimpedance, or the electrical impedance of biological tissues, describes the passive electrical properties of these materials. To simplify bioimpedance datasets, fractional-order equivalent circuit presentations are often used, with the Cole-impedance model being one of the most widely used fractional-order circuits for this purpose. In this work, bioimpedance measurements from 10 kHz to 100 kHz were collected from participants biceps tissues immediately prior and immediately post completion of a fatiguing exercise protocol. The Cole-impedance parameters that best fit these datasets were determined using numerical optimization procedures, with relative errors of within approximately ± 0.5 % and ± 2 % for the simulated resistance and reactance compared to the experimental data. Comparison between the pre and post fatigue Cole-impedance parameters shows that the R ∞ , R 1 , and f p components exhibited statistically significant mean differences as a result of the fatigue induced changes in the study participants.

Impedance Analysis of Layer Structured NBT–CBT Mixed Ceramics

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Rama Sastry ◽  
T. Bhimasankaram ◽  
G. S. Kumar ◽  
G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Equivalent Circuits ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Ceramic System ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mixed Ceramics ◽  
Mixed Ceramic ◽  
Complex Impedance Spectra

Complex impedance spectra of ferroelectric mixed ceramic system ( Na 0.5 Bi 0.5)1-x Ca x Bi 4 Ti 4 O 15 with x=0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1 was studied as a function of frequency and temperature in the range 1 KHz to 10 MHz and 30°C to 620°C respectively. Equivalent circuits involving resistive and capacitive elements at different temperatures, activation energies of relaxations and conduction were evaluated using impedance plots. A comparative study of impedance and conductivity facilities an insight in understanding the electrical nature of these electroceramics.

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