Two antagonistic fungi, "D 37" and Scytalidium album, reduce the formation of bore holes by Heterobasidion annosum in Norway spruce (Picea abies)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lundborg
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Antagonistic Fungi

The white-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum was inoculated into stem discs of Norway spruce together with the antagonistic fungi "D 37" or Scytalidium album. When H. annosum grew alone in the wood, many bore holes were formed through the tracheid walls. The antagonists allowed growth of H. annosum in the wood to the same extent as in wood with H. annosum alone, but there were few bore holes when an antagonist was present. It is suggested that the antagonists decreased the ability of H. annosum to form bore holes.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Basidiomycete White-Rot Fungus Phlebia centrifuga

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miia R. Mäkelä ◽  
Mao Peng ◽  
Zoraide Granchi ◽  
Thomas Chin-A-Woeng ◽  
Rosa Hegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Genome Length ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Finnish Lapland

ABSTRACT Here, we report the genome sequence of wood-decaying white-rot fungus Phlebia centrifuga strain FBCC195, isolated from Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) in Finnish Lapland. The 34.66-Mb genome containing 13,785 gene models is similar to the genome length reported for other saprobic white-rot species.

scholarly journals The Profitability of Cross-Cutting Practices in Butt-Rotten Picea abies Final-Felling Stands

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kärhä ◽  
Räsänen ◽  
Palander
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
The Impact

Research Highlights: This study offers new information on the cross cutting of decayed stems with the sounding of short (0.5 m) offcuts and the bucking of longer (3.0 m) butt-rotten poles. Background and Objectives: The root and butt-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Fr.) Bref. causes wood quality damage to trees in softwood forests. When timber is harvested in butt-rotten forests, it is essential that the decayed part of the tree is recognized and cut away from a stem, while the healthy and good quality log section of a stem is cross cut with precision sawlogs. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of two off-cutting methods on stem processing time, cutting productivity, sawlog volume, and commercial value at the roadside landing when harvesting timber from the butt-rotten Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) final-felling forests. Materials and Methods: The length of the short offcuts used was 0.5 m. The results of the cross-cutting practices were compared to the decayed pulpwood poles of 3 m from the butt of the rotten stems. Time and motion studies were carried out in stands before the profitability calculations. The study data consisted of 1980 Norway spruce sawlog stems. Results: Sounding of the short offcuts added significantly to the stem processing time of butt-rotten stems, but the sawlog volume and the timber value recovery of the stems were higher than those of the decayed pulpwood poles of 3 m. Conclusions: The study concluded that sounding of butt-rotten Norway spruce stems with one to three offcuts is economically profitable if the diameter of the decayed column at the stem stump’s height is small (≤5 cm). In contrast, when the width of the decay is larger (>5 cm), it is more profitable to first cross cut the decayed pulpwood pole of 3 m and then to observe the height of the decayed part of the stem.

Xylem defense wood of Norway spruce compromised by the pathogenic white-rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum shows a prolonged period of selective decay

Planta ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 236 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Elisabeth Nagy ◽  
Simon Ballance ◽  
Harald Kvaalen ◽  
Carl Gunnar Fossdal ◽  
Halvor Solheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Selective Decay

Spread of S and P group isolates of Heterobasidion annosum within and among Picea abies trees in central Lithuania

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimvydas Vasiliauskas ◽  
Jan Stenlid
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Related Difference ◽  
Spruce Wood

Spread of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. was investigated in a 60-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand in central Lithuania. Of the 375 trees sampled, H. annosum was isolated from 85 (22.7%). Forty nine (56.3%) of the isolates belonged to the S group and 38 (43.7%) to the P group. Among the S-group isolates, 35 genets occupied 49 trees (1.4 trees per genet on average). In the P group, 24 genets were detected in 37 trees (1.5 trees per genet on average). The largest S and P genets were 21 and 20 m in diameter, respectively. The S group spread was more extensive within stems than for the P group; mean length of the decay column for S-group isolates was 459 ± 159 cm (mean ± SD), and it was 327 ± 101 cm for P-group isolates (p = 0.0001). Average stump area affected by decay was 56 ± 15%for the S group, and 47 ± 16% for the P group (p = 0.016). This is the first published field data on intersterility group related difference in decay extension in tree stems. The S group is better adapted than the P group to growth in Norway spruce wood.

scholarly journals Effect of Physisporinus vitreus on wood properties of Norway spruce. Part 2: Aspects of microtensile strength and chemical changes

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lehringer ◽  
Bodo Saake ◽  
Vjekoslav Živković ◽  
Klaus Richter ◽  
Holger Militz
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Selective Delignification ◽  
Simultaneous Degradation

AbstractThe biotechnological application of the white rot fungusPhysisporinus vitreusnamed “bioincising” is currently being investigated for permeability improvement of Norway spruce (Picea abies(L.) Karst.) wood. During short-term (<9 weeks) incubation, fungal activity induces degradation of pit membranes and a simultaneous alteration of the tracheid cell wall structure. In Part 1 of this article series, the occurrence of selective delignification and simultaneous degradation was shown by UV-microspectrophotometry (UMSP). Moreover, significant reduction of Brinell hardness was recorded after 7 and 9 weeks incubation. For a better understanding of the chemical alterations in the wood constituents and the corresponding changes of mechanical properties due to fungal activity, we applied microtensile tests on thin strips that were prepared from the surface of incubated Norway spruce wood. Indications for the occurrence of selective delignification and simultaneous degradation were evident. Determination of lignin content and carbohydrate analysis by borate anion exchange chromatography confirmed the results. The present study verifies the findings from Part 1 of this article series and from previously conducted microscopic investigations. Now, the degradation characteristics ofP. vitreusare established and the bioincising process can be further optimized with higher reliability.

scholarly journals The pathogenic white-rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum triggers non-specific defence responses in the bark of Norway spruce

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1262-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Arnerup ◽  
M. Lind ◽  
A. Olson ◽  
J. Stenlid ◽  
M. Elfstrand
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Defence Responses

Interactions between Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Heterobasidion annosum. I. Infection of nonsuberized and young suberized roots

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 872-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Heneen ◽  
M. Gustafsson ◽  
G. Karlsson ◽  
K. Brismar
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Fungal Enzymes ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Inner Cortex

Nonsuberized and young suberized roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were inoculated with an S-strain of Heterobasidion annosum for 2–20 days. The roots were sectioned for light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. They were susceptible to infection at both stages of development. The host reaction to delimit the infection was the formation of a necrotic ring barrier in the outer cortex. In cases where the inner cortex also became infected, fungal hyphae accumulated just before the endodermis, which acted as a new barrier. Only in nonsuberized roots did the hyphae succeed in penetrating the stele, and within 3 days after inoculation the stele was almost completely digested. Other resistance reactions included accumulation of phenolic deposits, secondary thickening of cell walls, and formation of papillae. The hyphae were able to grow within and across cell walls. The presence of translucent areas around penetrating hyphae possibly reflected the digestive action of fungal enzymes. The hyphae showed signs of degeneration when entrapped in encompassing cellular deposits. Key words: Norway spruce, Heterobasidion annosum, root infection, nonsuberized roots, young suberized roots, microscopy.

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