Totipotence du péricycle des organes souterrains et aériens de Rorippa sylvestris. I. Rhizogenèse et caulogenèse à partir de racines sur plante intacte ou de fragments de racines cultivés in vitro

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1760-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurie-Laure Projetti ◽  
Dominique Chriqui
Keyword(s):  
Outer Layer ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Bud Regeneration ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Young Root ◽  
Stimulation Of

Old and tuberized roots of Rorippa sylvestris (Brassicaceae) can form adventitious buds. Moreover, in vitro culture on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with sucrose can induce bud regeneration from nontuberized young root explants. An unusual stimulation of both lateral rhizogenesis and caulogenesis is obtained in the presence of auxin (indoleacetic acid), with optimal responses at 5 mg∙L−1. Kinetin inhibits rhizogenesis but strongly enhances caulogenesis, with optimal responses between 1 and 5 mg∙L−1. In all conditions (natural and experimental), lateral roots and buds arise from the pericycle layer or pericycle-derived tissues (outer layer of a several-layered pericycle, phellogen, and pericycle-derived callus). Thus, the pericycle of R. sylvestris roots, as well as the pericycle-derived cells, exhibits an original double potential for rhizogenesis and caulogenesis, especially in the close vicinity of the xylem poles. As the early steps of root and bud regeneration are similar, the possibility that the two kinds of meristems are undetermined and perhaps interchangeable is considered.

scholarly journals In vitro culture of Secale cereale L. explants-callus formation and organ differentiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan J. Rybczyński
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Organ Differentiation ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Secale Cereale L

Explants originating from seeds, embryos, seedlings and maturing plants of rye were cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) and a Schenk and Hildebrandt medium (SH). Depending on various combinations and concentrations of NAA (α-tnaphthaleneacetic acid), IAA (β-indoleacetic acid),2,4-D (dichlosaphenoxyacetic acid), 2,4,5-T(trichloraphenoxyacetic acid),2,4-D (dichloraphenoxyacetic acid), 2,4,5-T (trichloraphenoxyacetic = 2 iP), ZEA (zeatin), and GA<sub>3</sub> (gibberellic acid) mature embryo, isolated radicles and lateral roots formed callus itissue which was only capable of rhizogenesis. Leaf segments of 3 and 5-day-old seedlings produced callus and roots, however the rachis of a spike of 7 mm in length was capable of forming shoots which later developed into plants.

Regeneration of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) plantlets by in vitro culture of immature leaves

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Mroginski ◽  
K. K. Kartha ◽  
J. P. Shyluk
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Bud Regeneration ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The in vitro regeneration of buds, shoots, and roots from immature leaves of 3- to 5-day-old peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. Colorado Manfredi) seedlings was studied under defined nutritional, hormonal, and environmental conditions. The first two leaves (2–5 mm in length) removed from aseptically germinated seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing vitamins as in B5 medium and 0.8% agar, supplemented with 12 combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.01 to 4 mg/L) and benzyladenine (BA) (1 and 3 mg/L). Bud regeneration occurred in all hormone combinations, but the maximum number of buds was regenerated at a concentration of 1 mg/L each of NAA and BA. Although bud regeneration was maximum with 2- to 5-mm-long leaflets, some success was also obtained with leaflets 8–13 mm long. However, no buds were regenerated when fully expanded leaflets were cultured.Development of buds into shoots was readily achieved by transferring regenerated buds into fresh medium containing 0.01 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA. A few roots were induced to grow when callus with buds was also transferred to medium devoid of hormones. So far, bud regeneration from immature leaves has been induced in vitro in 5 of the 10 cultivars tested.

scholarly journals In-vitro propagation and phytochemical profiling of a highly medicinal and endemic plant species of the Himalayan region (Saussurea costus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajmal Khan ◽  
Azhar Hussain Shah ◽  
Niaz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Full Strength ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

AbstractEfficient protocols for callus induction and micro propagation of Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch were developed and phytochemical diversity of wild and in-vitro propagated material was investigated. Brown and red compact callus was formed with frequency of 80–95%, 78–90%, 70–95% and 65–80% from seeds, leaf, petiole and root explants, respectively. MS media supplemented with BAP (2.0 mgL−1), NAA (1.0 mgL−1) and GA3 (0.25 mgL−1) best suited for multiple shoot buds initiation (82%), while maximum shoot length was formed on media with BAP (1.5 mgL−1), NAA (0.25 mgL−1) and Kinetin (0.5 mgL−1). Full strength media with IAA (0.5 mgL−1) along with IBA (0.5 mgL−1) resulted in early roots initiation. Similarly, maximum rooting (87.57%) and lateral roots formation (up to 6.76) was recorded on full strength media supplemented with BAP (0.5 mgL−1), IAA (0.5 mgL−1) and IBA (0.5 mgL−1). Survival rate of acclimatized plantlets in autoclaved garden soil, farmyard soil, and sand (2:1:1) was 87%. Phytochemical analysis revealed variations in biochemical contents i.e. maximum sugar (808.32 µM/ml), proline (48.14 mg/g), ascorbic acid (373.801 mM/g) and phenolic compounds (642.72 mgL−1) were recorded from callus cultured on different stress media. Nonetheless, highest flavenoids (59.892 mg/g) and anthocyanin contents (32.39 mg/kg) were observed in in-vitro propagated plants. GC–MS analysis of the callus ethyl acetate extracts revealed 24 different phytochemicals. The variability in secondary metabolites of both wild and propagated plants/callus is reported for the first time for this species. This study may provide a baseline for the conservation and sustainable utilization of S. costus with implications for isolation of unique and pharmacologically active compounds from callus or regenerated plantlets.

scholarly journals Sour orange bud regeneration and in vitro plant development related to culture medium composition and explant type

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosely Pereira da Silva ◽  
Amancio José de Souza ◽  
Beatriz Madalena Januzzi Mendes ◽  
Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
In Vitro Organogenesis ◽  
Bud Regeneration

In order to evaluate the formation of adventitious buds and in vitro regeneration of sour orange plants (Citrus aurantium L.) two organogenesis-inducing experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, the induction and in vitro regeneration of adventitious buds were tested on epicotyl and internodal segments under the influence of BAP or KIN associated with NAA. The second experiment evaluated the in vitro regeneration of sour orange plants related to different explant types (epicotyls segments, internodal segments of in vitro germinated plantlets and internodal segments of greenhouse cultivated plants). Data collected on both experiments included the percentage of responsive explants (explants that formed buds), and the number of buds per explant. The addition of BAP showed the best organogenic response. In vitro germinated epicotyl segments and internodal segments are recommended as explants for sour orange in vitro organogenesis. Rooting of regenerated shoots was achieved without the need of auxin in the medium.

In vitro Plantlet Formation in Linum marginale From Cotyledons, Hypocotyls, Leaves, Roots and Protoplasts

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
XC Zhan ◽  
DA Jones ◽  
A Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Bud Regeneration ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Explant Source

Regeneration of shoots from cotyledons, hypocotyls, roots, leaf explants and callus derived from pro- toplasts of Linum marginale was achieved in vitro on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium with various combinations of growth substances. The regeneration capacity of explants from the various sources and their responses to the various media differed considerably. Hypocotyls seemed to be the best explant source for bud regeneration, followed by roots. The optimal combination of growth substances for bud regeneration on hypocotyl explants was 0.02 mg L-1 NAA, 1 mg L-1 6-BA and 20 mg L-1 adenine and on root explants, 1 mg L -1 zeatin. Protoplasts were readily isolated and cultured from shoots, and buds were regenerated from the resulting callus on media with various combinations of growth substances. The best medium was MS medium with 5 mg L-1 zeatin. About 10% of shoots from the various sources formed roots after transfer to MS medium. These regeneration results are assessed with respect to the possible use of various plant genetic engineering techniques to generate genetically transformed plants of L. marginale.

The effect of kinetin on the growth of diploid and autotetraploid root tips of rye in vitro

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da-Ping Yang ◽  
Edward O. Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Complete Inhibition ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Media ◽  
Genotypical Difference

Both diploid and autotetraploid root tips of rye, Secale cereale var. Petkus, responded similarly when kinetin and indoleacetic acid (IAA) were added separately to the media in which they were growing. Kinetin retarded the linear growth of the main roots at 1 mg/1 and caused complete inhibition of the initiation of lateral roots; while at 0.1 mg/1, kinetin inhibited the elongation of lateral roots. IAA at 0.1 mg/1 retarded the elongation of main roots, and the initiation and the linear growth of lateral roots. When kinetin and IAA were applied in combination, kinetin was antagonistic to the inhibition caused by a high concentration of IAA in the growth of main roots of tetraploids, but not in the diploid roots.The differential response is considered to be a reflection of their genotypical difference, which may affect the endogenous content or metabolism of these phytohormones of the roots.

An investigation into the influence of IAA and malate on in vivo and in vitro rates of dark carbon dioxide fixation in coleoptile tissue

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1641-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Dymock ◽  
B. Hill ◽  
A. W. Bown
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Rapid Effect ◽  
Bicarbonate Fixation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Etiolated Avena sativa L. cv. Victory coleoptiles were used to determine the influence of indoleacetic acid (IAA) or malate on in vivo and in vitro rates of CO2 fixation. In addition, the influence of malate on IAA-stimulated growth was investigated. Concentrations of malate which stimulate growth did not influence the in vivo rate of dark [14C]bicarbonate fixation but did inhibit in vitro phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.31) activity. IAA did not influence this enzymic activity or reduce the inhibition of the enzyme by malate, and the rate of [14C]bicarbonate fixation was not measurably influenced by 20 μM IAA within the time period required for IAA stimulation of growth to become apparent. In the absence of atmospheric levels of CO2, 1 mM malate and 20 μM IAA stimulate growth in a weakly synergistic manner. These results are discussed in relationship to a suggestion that IAA-stimulated H+ secretion and growth involves a rapid effect on CO2 fixation.

scholarly journals Influence of activated charcoal on seed germination and seedling development by the asymbiotic method in Zygostates grandiflora (Lindl.) Mansf. (Orchidaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Pacek-Bieniek ◽  
Magdalena Dyduch-Siemińska ◽  
Michał Rudaś
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Aerial Roots ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Intensive Development

Abstract The aim of this study is to examine the influence of activated charcoal on the seed germinating ability and seedling development of Zygostates grandiflora (Lindl.) Mansf. in in vitro culture. The seeds were obtained from a sterilised orchid capsule. They were sown on a Murashige and Skoog medium + indoleacetic acid (1.5 mg dm-3) and benzylaminopurine (2.0 mg dm-3) without the addition of activated charcoal and on a medium that contained 1.0 and 3.0 g dm-3 activated charcoal, respectively, for 18 months. Initial differences in seed germination were observed after nine months since the beginning of the in vitro culture. The addition of activated charcoal had a positive influence on protocorm size and development. The results of this research were confirmed after 12 and 18 months of in vitro culture, where an intensive development of leaf and aerial roots occurred on a medium that contained the highest concentration of activated charcoal, i.e. 3.0 g dm-3 as a supplement. The statistical analysis showed that the asymbiotic method of orchid propagation in in vitro culture could be used for Z. grandiflora, and that the addition of activated charcoal into the medium improved this method.

Early Platelet-Collagen Interactions in Whole Blood and Their Modifications by Aspirin and Dipyridamole Evaluated by a New Method (Basic Wave)

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 799-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luís Pérez-Requejo ◽  
Justo Aznar ◽  
M Teresa Santos ◽  
Juana Vallés
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Reversible Aggregation ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Rapid Generation ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Collagen Stimulation

SummaryIt is shown that the supernatant of unstirred whole blood at 37° C, stimulated by 1 μg/ml of collagen for 10 sec, produces a rapid generation of pro and antiaggregatory compounds with a final proaggregatory activity which can be detected for more than 60 min on a platelet rich plasma (PRP) by turbidometric aggregometry. A reversible aggregation wave that we have called BASIC wave (for Blood Aggregation Stimulatory and Inhibitory Compounds) is recorded. The collagen stimulation of unstirred PRP produces a similar but smaller BASIC wave. BASIC’s intensity increases if erythrocytes are added to PRP but decreases if white blood cells are added instead. Aspirin abolishes “ex vivo” the ability of whole blood and PRP to generate BASIC waves and dipyridamole “in vitro” significantly reduces BASIC’s intensity in whole blood in every tested sample, but shows little effect in PRP.

DER EINFLUSS VON RESERPIN AUF DIE ANTITHYREOIDALE WIRKUNG VON KALIUMPERCHLORAT

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-430
Author(s):  
H. L. Krüskemper ◽  
F. J. Kessler ◽  
E. Steinkrüger
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Tissue Respiration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT 1. Reserpine does not inhibit the tissue respiration of liver in normal male rats (in vitro). 2. The decrease of tissue respiration of the liver with simultaneous morphological stimulation of the thyroid gland after long administration of reserpine is due to a minute inhibition of the hormone synthesis in the thyroid gland. 3. The morphological alterations of the thyroid in experimental hypothyroidism due to perchlorate can not be prevented with reserpine.

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