The supposed fern Onychiopsis psilotoides from the English Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) reinterpreted as a lycopod

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1453-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Skog
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
New Family ◽  
Spore Ultrastructure

Specimens that had been previously considered to represent a fertile fern, Onychiopsis psilotoides (Stokes et Webb) Ward from the English Wealden, have been restudied and are here considered to represent a new genus (Tanydorus) in a new family within the Lycopodiales. Evidence for this new classification of the material includes the combination of a spiral (helical) arrangement of the leaves, presence of an elongated sporangium in the axil of a sporophyll, distinct strobilus borne on the sterile basal portions, and structure of the numerous homosporous spores. The combination of elongated sporangia and details of spore ultrastructure preclude placement in the only family currently assigned to this order, the Lycopodiaceae.

Problems of functional morphology and classification in stylonuroid eurypterids (Chelicerata, Merostomata), with observations on the Scottish Silurian Stylonuroidea

1979 ◽  
Vol 70 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 251-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Waterston
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Physiological Constraints ◽  
New Family ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

SynopsisEurypterids of the Superfamily Stylonuroidea Diener 1924 sensu Størmer (1974, 373) from the Pentland Hills, Midlothian, are redescribed and the evidence which these forms may give concerning the life environment of the Gutterford Burn Eurypterid Bed (Upper Llandovery), from which most of them have been obtained, is considered. Five species are recognised. Parastylonurus ornatus (Laurie) is redescribed with special reference to the organs of locomotion and reproduction. A new form from the Gutterford Burn is described as Parastylonurus hendersoni sp. nov. Stylonurus macrophthalmus Laurie is designated the type species of the new genus Hardieopterus and Stylonurus knoxae Lamont as the type species of the new genus Lamontopterus. The unique holotype of Lamontopterus knoxae is of morphological interest in showing evidence of the gut.Stylonuroids from other Scottish Silurian localities are also considered. Two new species, Brachyopterella ritchiei sp. nov. from Seggholm and Hardieopterus (?) lanarki sp. nov. from the Logan Water are described. Stylonurella spinipes (Page) is redescribed and this species is reported for the first time from Seggholm.The new information provided by this study has raised a number of problems of classification and the criteria upon which eurypterids are classified, and particularly those applied to the stylonuroid eurypterids, are re-assessed and a new classification of the Stylonuroidea proposed. This has required the description of new taxa; a new family, the Parastylonuridae, is proposed to accommodate Parastylonurus, Hardieopterus and probably Lamontopterus which share a unique combination of characters of the prosomal appendages and metastoma. A new genus, Kiaeropterus, is described to accommodate certain species previously assigned to Stylonurella but displaced from that genus as now emended.A reconstruction of Parastylonurus ornatus in the walking position is attempted and has resulted in the recognition of a new generation of problems related to the functional morphology of these animals. Criteria which may appropriately be used in deciding the manner in which they walked and the posture which they adopted when doing so, are discussed. It is suggested that, in response to certain anatomical and physiological constraints which otherwise would have rendered the animals unstable in the walking position, the post-abdomen and telson have been specialised as hydrodynamic structures for monitoring water movements and vectoring the animal for maximum walking efficiency. The significance of this hypothesis is discussed in relation to the functional morphology and evolution of other members of the Stylonuroidea.

A new genus and subfamily of fossil Bibionidae (Diptera) from the Lower Cretaceous, with new classification of the Bibionidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
JOHN SKARTVEIT ◽  
JÖRG ANSORGE
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New Classification

We describe Cretobibio montsecensis, gen. et sp. nov. based on two female specimens from the Lower Cretaceous of Montsec, Spain. The new genus would key to the subfamily Pleciinae based on the presence of a short vein R2+3 and slender legs. However, some characters suggest an affinity with Bibioninae, notably the weakening of R2+3, the oblique crossvein R-M, crossvein M-Cu connected to M2 rather than the stem of M, and the shortened fore legs. We suggest this species is best considered as representing a new subfamily, Cretobibioninae subfam. nov., as sister group of Bibioninae.

Telmaeshna paradoxica gen. et sp. nov., a new fossil dragonfly (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera) from the Yixian Formation, Liaoning, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1681 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
BINGLAN ZHANG ◽  
DONG REN ◽  
HONG PANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Yixian Formation ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
New Family

Telmaeshna paradoxica gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation, near Chaomidian Village, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, China. It is included in the Anisoptera: Aeshnoptera: Aeshnomorpha: Panaeshnida, on the basis of the following characters: strongly elongated pterostigma; well-defined anal loop and Rspl; undulated RP2, RP3/4 and MA; divided hypertriangle and discoidal triangle; and prolonged gaff. It cannot be assigned to any described extant or extinct family of Panaeshnida, but we refrain from erecting a new family to accommodate it until more features (forewing, body characters) are known. Consequently, this new genus is provisionally retained as family uncertain. Its phylogenetic relationships within Anisoptera are discussed.

A new family of Cavilabiata from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation, China (Odonata: Anisoptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1469 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
QI-BIN LIN ◽  
DI-YING HUANG ◽  
A. NEL
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Yixian Formation ◽  
East China ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
North East ◽  
New Family ◽  
Special Pattern

A new genus Nodalula gen. nov. and species Nodalula dalinghensis gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of a nearly complete specimen from the Lower Cretaceous of North-east China. Its special pattern of wing venation differs from those of the known Mesozoic Cavilabiata genera and allows us to include it in the new family Nodalulaidae within the Neobrachystigmata.

Mathesius liaoningensis gen. et sp. nov. of Jehol Biota, a presumptive relative of the clerid or thaneroclerid branches of Cleroidea (Coleoptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2872 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIŘÍ KOLIBÁČ ◽  
DI-YING HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Yixian Formation ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Ne China ◽  
Jehol Biota

Mathesius liaoningensis, a new genus and species of Cleroidea, probably relative of clerid or thaneroclerid branches of the superfamily, is described from the Lower Cretaceous; it belongs among the oldest and the best preserved cleroid fossils that have been known so far. The unique specimen was found in Yixian Formation (ca. 125 Ma) near Huangbanjigou Village, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, NE China and belongs to the famous Chinese Jehol Biota. A classification of Mathesius liaoningensis gen. et sp. nov. within Cleroidea is based on cucujiform aedeagus with distinct medial apodeme (strut) and probably paired struts of the phallobase, pentamerous mesoand metatarsi, narrowly separated proand mesocoxae, metacoxae extending laterally to meet elytra. A possible relationship with the clerid or thaneroclerid branches is based on predacious mandibles, absence of large spines in tibiae, lobes at least in mesoand metatarsomeres 2–3 (probably 1–4), probably six visible abdominal ventrites, and shape of body. With the exception of the aforementioned features, the well-preserved fossil shows interesting morphological characters which are figured in detail and discussed in the context of morphology of some recent cucujiform families.

A new genusLiaousof early Anisian Stage (Middle Triassic) brachiopods from southwestern China: systematics, reassessment of classification of the Spiriferinioidea, community paleoecology, and paleoenvironmental implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 966-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong He ◽  
Kexin Zhang ◽  
Zhong-Qiang Chen ◽  
Jiaxin Yan ◽  
Tinglu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
High Dominance

AbstractThis paper describes a new genusLiaous, withL. shaiwensisHe and Chen n. gen. n. sp. as the type species, from the Xinyuan Formation of Anisian age in Ziyun, southern Guizhou, China. The phylogenetic tree revealed by the parsimony analysis shows thatLiaousis closely allied to bothMentzeliaQuenstedt, 1871 andParamentzeliaXu, 1978 of the subfamily Mentzeliinae. A new classification scheme for the Spiriferinoidea is also proposed based on a phylogenetic tree of the superfamily indicated by parsimony analysis. The Spiriferinoidea includes three families and nine subfamilies. Three new subfamilies—Madoinae He and Chen, new subfam., Qinghaispiriferininae He and Chen, new subfam., and Triadispirinae He and Chen, new subfam. are proposed.Liaous shaiwensisHe and Chen n. gen. n. sp. is found in thePosidonia wengensis-Liaous shaiwensis(P-L) paleocommunity, which is dominated by r-strategists (i.e., organisms defined by a fauna with a high dominance and small body sizes) and has a low diversity and high dominance. The P-L paleocommunity therefore has little similarity to its coeval communities from the Anisian Stage of South China and instead it appears more similar to the Lower Triassic shelly faunas in community structures. This paleocommunity is interpreted to have inhabited a relatively deep, low-energy, dysaerobic offshore basin/slope setting with the influence of episodic storms.

A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3509 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL BURCKHARDT ◽  
DAVID OUVRARD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Family Group ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species

A revised classification for the world jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) is presented comprising all published family and genus-group names. The new classification consists of eight families: Aphalaridae, Carsidaridae, Calophyidae, Homotomidae, Liviidae, Phacopteronidae, Psyllidae and Triozidae. The Aphalaridae, Liviidae and Psyllidae are redefined, 20 family-group names as well as 28 genus-group names are synonymised, and one replacement name is proposed [Sureaca nomen nov., for Acaerus Loginova, 1976]. Forty two new species combinations are proposed resulting from new genus-group synonymies and a replacement name. One subfamily and three genera are considered taxa incertae sedis, and one genus a nomen dubium. Finally eight unavailable names are listed ( one family-group and seven genus-group names).

Apodosia, an enigmatic new genus of micromorphic brachiopod from the Cretaceous of Crimea, Ukraine, and the Jurassic of England

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Smirnova ◽  
D. I. Mackinnon
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Family ◽  
Order Rhynchonellida

The morphology of Argyrotheca lorioli Smirnova, 1972, from the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian) of Crimea, Ukraine, was reinvestigated using SEM, found to be impunctate, and reassigned as the type species of a new genus Apodosia, new family Apodosiidae, order ?Rhynchonellida. Another micromorphic brachiopod, Spiriferina? oolitica (Moore, 1855) from the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) Inferior Oolite of Somerset, England, is also reassigned to the new genus.

scholarly journals A new classification of the Xanthoidea sensu lato (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) based on phylogenetic analysis and traditional systematics and evaluation of all fossil Xanthoidea sensu lato

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (01-02) ◽  
pp. 23-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Karasawa ◽  
Carrie E. Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Family Status ◽  
New Classification ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level

A phylogenetic analysis was conducted including representatives from all recognized extant and extinct families of the Xanthoidea sensu lato, resulting in one new family, Hypothalassiidae. Four xanthoid families are elevated to superfamily status, resulting in Carpilioidea, Pilumnoidoidea, Eriphioidea, Progeryonoidea, and Goneplacoidea, and numerous subfamilies are elevated to family status. The Mathildellidae is moved from the Goneplacidae to the Portunoidea. Diagnoses for all superfamilies and families discussed herein are provided, embracing characters typically used by biologists as well as readily fossilized features of the dorsal carapace, sternum, abdomen, and chelipeds. All genera known from the fossil record at one time referred to the Xanthidae sensu lato, Xanthoidea sensu lato, or Goneplacidae sensu latowere evaluated as to their family level placement and as a result, the family-level placement of many of these genera has been changed herein. Balcacarcinusnew substitute name, is provided herein for BittneriaSchweitzer and Karasawa, 2004.

Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for African, Asian and Indian supple and writhing skinks (Scincidae: Lygosominae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 1067-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse S Freitas ◽  
Aniruddha Datta-Roy ◽  
Praveen Karanth ◽  
L Lee Grismer ◽  
Cameron D Siler
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
African Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Old World Tropics ◽  
Multilocus Phylogeny

AbstractThe genera Lepidothyris, Lygosoma and Mochlus comprise the writhing or supple skinks, a group of semi-fossorial, elongate-bodied skinks distributed across the Old World Tropics. Due to their generalized morphology and lack of diagnostic characters, species- and clade-level relationships have long been debated. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of the group have provided some clarification of species-level relationships, but a number of issues regarding higher level relationships among genera still remain. Here we present a phylogenetic estimate of relationships among species in Lygosoma, Mochlus and Lepidothyris generated by concatenated and species tree analyses of multilocus data using the most extensive taxonomic sampling of the group to date. We also use multivariate statistics to examine species and clade distributions in morpho space. Our results reject the monophyly of Lygosoma s.l., Lygosoma s.s. and Mochlus, which highlights the instability of the current taxonomic classification of the group. We, therefore, revise the taxonomy of the writhing skinks to better reflect the evolutionary history of Lygosoma s.l. by restricting Lygosoma for Southeast Asia, resurrecting the genus Riopa for a clade of Indian and Southeast Asian species, expanding the genus Mochlus to include all African species of writhing skinks and describing a new genus in Southeast Asia.

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