A new genusLiaousof early Anisian Stage (Middle Triassic) brachiopods from southwestern China: systematics, reassessment of classification of the Spiriferinioidea, community paleoecology, and paleoenvironmental implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 966-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong He ◽  
Kexin Zhang ◽  
Zhong-Qiang Chen ◽  
Jiaxin Yan ◽  
Tinglu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
High Dominance

AbstractThis paper describes a new genusLiaous, withL. shaiwensisHe and Chen n. gen. n. sp. as the type species, from the Xinyuan Formation of Anisian age in Ziyun, southern Guizhou, China. The phylogenetic tree revealed by the parsimony analysis shows thatLiaousis closely allied to bothMentzeliaQuenstedt, 1871 andParamentzeliaXu, 1978 of the subfamily Mentzeliinae. A new classification scheme for the Spiriferinoidea is also proposed based on a phylogenetic tree of the superfamily indicated by parsimony analysis. The Spiriferinoidea includes three families and nine subfamilies. Three new subfamilies—Madoinae He and Chen, new subfam., Qinghaispiriferininae He and Chen, new subfam., and Triadispirinae He and Chen, new subfam. are proposed.Liaous shaiwensisHe and Chen n. gen. n. sp. is found in thePosidonia wengensis-Liaous shaiwensis(P-L) paleocommunity, which is dominated by r-strategists (i.e., organisms defined by a fauna with a high dominance and small body sizes) and has a low diversity and high dominance. The P-L paleocommunity therefore has little similarity to its coeval communities from the Anisian Stage of South China and instead it appears more similar to the Lower Triassic shelly faunas in community structures. This paleocommunity is interpreted to have inhabited a relatively deep, low-energy, dysaerobic offshore basin/slope setting with the influence of episodic storms.

The supposed fern Onychiopsis psilotoides from the English Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) reinterpreted as a lycopod

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1453-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Skog
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
New Family ◽  
Spore Ultrastructure

Specimens that had been previously considered to represent a fertile fern, Onychiopsis psilotoides (Stokes et Webb) Ward from the English Wealden, have been restudied and are here considered to represent a new genus (Tanydorus) in a new family within the Lycopodiales. Evidence for this new classification of the material includes the combination of a spiral (helical) arrangement of the leaves, presence of an elongated sporangium in the axil of a sporophyll, distinct strobilus borne on the sterile basal portions, and structure of the numerous homosporous spores. The combination of elongated sporangia and details of spore ultrastructure preclude placement in the only family currently assigned to this order, the Lycopodiaceae.

A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3509 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL BURCKHARDT ◽  
DAVID OUVRARD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Family Group ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species

A revised classification for the world jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) is presented comprising all published family and genus-group names. The new classification consists of eight families: Aphalaridae, Carsidaridae, Calophyidae, Homotomidae, Liviidae, Phacopteronidae, Psyllidae and Triozidae. The Aphalaridae, Liviidae and Psyllidae are redefined, 20 family-group names as well as 28 genus-group names are synonymised, and one replacement name is proposed [Sureaca nomen nov., for Acaerus Loginova, 1976]. Forty two new species combinations are proposed resulting from new genus-group synonymies and a replacement name. One subfamily and three genera are considered taxa incertae sedis, and one genus a nomen dubium. Finally eight unavailable names are listed ( one family-group and seven genus-group names).

Ambophthalmos, a new genus for "Neophrynichthys" angustus and "Neophrynichthys" magnicirrus, and the systematic interrelationships of the fathead sculpins (Cottoidei, Psychrolutidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1344-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith L Jackson ◽  
Joseph S Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Osteological Characters ◽  
Cladistic Classification

The new genus Ambophthalmos is recognised for "Neophrynichthys" angustus and "Neophrynichthys" magnicirrus, two southern Pacific psychrolutids. A hypothesis of psychrolutid phylogenetic relationships based on parsimony analysis of osteological characters is presented. Two synapomorphic characters suggest that A. angustus and A. magnicirrus form a monophyletic group: the supratemporal is posteriorly fused to the posttemporal and arch 2 is medially fused to its antimere. Four characters suggest that Cottunculus is monophyletic and five synapomorphic characters suggest that Ambophthalmos is sister to Cottunculus. A cladistic classification of the Psychrolutidae includes five subfamilies sequenced as Dasycottinae, new; Eurymeninae, new; Cottunculinae, redefined; Malacocottinae, new; and Psychrolutinae, unchanged.

Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for African, Asian and Indian supple and writhing skinks (Scincidae: Lygosominae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 1067-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse S Freitas ◽  
Aniruddha Datta-Roy ◽  
Praveen Karanth ◽  
L Lee Grismer ◽  
Cameron D Siler
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
African Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Old World Tropics ◽  
Multilocus Phylogeny

AbstractThe genera Lepidothyris, Lygosoma and Mochlus comprise the writhing or supple skinks, a group of semi-fossorial, elongate-bodied skinks distributed across the Old World Tropics. Due to their generalized morphology and lack of diagnostic characters, species- and clade-level relationships have long been debated. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of the group have provided some clarification of species-level relationships, but a number of issues regarding higher level relationships among genera still remain. Here we present a phylogenetic estimate of relationships among species in Lygosoma, Mochlus and Lepidothyris generated by concatenated and species tree analyses of multilocus data using the most extensive taxonomic sampling of the group to date. We also use multivariate statistics to examine species and clade distributions in morpho space. Our results reject the monophyly of Lygosoma s.l., Lygosoma s.s. and Mochlus, which highlights the instability of the current taxonomic classification of the group. We, therefore, revise the taxonomy of the writhing skinks to better reflect the evolutionary history of Lygosoma s.l. by restricting Lygosoma for Southeast Asia, resurrecting the genus Riopa for a clade of Indian and Southeast Asian species, expanding the genus Mochlus to include all African species of writhing skinks and describing a new genus in Southeast Asia.

Problems of functional morphology and classification in stylonuroid eurypterids (Chelicerata, Merostomata), with observations on the Scottish Silurian Stylonuroidea

1979 ◽  
Vol 70 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 251-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Waterston
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Physiological Constraints ◽  
New Family ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

SynopsisEurypterids of the Superfamily Stylonuroidea Diener 1924 sensu Størmer (1974, 373) from the Pentland Hills, Midlothian, are redescribed and the evidence which these forms may give concerning the life environment of the Gutterford Burn Eurypterid Bed (Upper Llandovery), from which most of them have been obtained, is considered. Five species are recognised. Parastylonurus ornatus (Laurie) is redescribed with special reference to the organs of locomotion and reproduction. A new form from the Gutterford Burn is described as Parastylonurus hendersoni sp. nov. Stylonurus macrophthalmus Laurie is designated the type species of the new genus Hardieopterus and Stylonurus knoxae Lamont as the type species of the new genus Lamontopterus. The unique holotype of Lamontopterus knoxae is of morphological interest in showing evidence of the gut.Stylonuroids from other Scottish Silurian localities are also considered. Two new species, Brachyopterella ritchiei sp. nov. from Seggholm and Hardieopterus (?) lanarki sp. nov. from the Logan Water are described. Stylonurella spinipes (Page) is redescribed and this species is reported for the first time from Seggholm.The new information provided by this study has raised a number of problems of classification and the criteria upon which eurypterids are classified, and particularly those applied to the stylonuroid eurypterids, are re-assessed and a new classification of the Stylonuroidea proposed. This has required the description of new taxa; a new family, the Parastylonuridae, is proposed to accommodate Parastylonurus, Hardieopterus and probably Lamontopterus which share a unique combination of characters of the prosomal appendages and metastoma. A new genus, Kiaeropterus, is described to accommodate certain species previously assigned to Stylonurella but displaced from that genus as now emended.A reconstruction of Parastylonurus ornatus in the walking position is attempted and has resulted in the recognition of a new generation of problems related to the functional morphology of these animals. Criteria which may appropriately be used in deciding the manner in which they walked and the posture which they adopted when doing so, are discussed. It is suggested that, in response to certain anatomical and physiological constraints which otherwise would have rendered the animals unstable in the walking position, the post-abdomen and telson have been specialised as hydrodynamic structures for monitoring water movements and vectoring the animal for maximum walking efficiency. The significance of this hypothesis is discussed in relation to the functional morphology and evolution of other members of the Stylonuroidea.

A new genus and subfamily of fossil Bibionidae (Diptera) from the Lower Cretaceous, with new classification of the Bibionidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
JOHN SKARTVEIT ◽  
JÖRG ANSORGE
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New Classification

We describe Cretobibio montsecensis, gen. et sp. nov. based on two female specimens from the Lower Cretaceous of Montsec, Spain. The new genus would key to the subfamily Pleciinae based on the presence of a short vein R2+3 and slender legs. However, some characters suggest an affinity with Bibioninae, notably the weakening of R2+3, the oblique crossvein R-M, crossvein M-Cu connected to M2 rather than the stem of M, and the shortened fore legs. We suggest this species is best considered as representing a new subfamily, Cretobibioninae subfam. nov., as sister group of Bibioninae.

A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 398 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENOÎT LOEUILLE ◽  
JOÃO SEMIR ◽  
JOSÉ R. PIRANI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Second Step ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
New Synonyms

A new classification of the subtribe Lychnophorinae is proposed based on the results of phylogenetic analyses. The subtribes Centratherinae and Sipolisiinae are synonyms of Lychnophorinae and three genera (Albertinia, Blanchetia, Gorceixia) are transferred to the subtribe. As now circumscribed, Lychnophorinae comprises 19 genera and 117 species distributed mostly in the Cerrado domain of the Brazilian Central Plateau. Oiospermum is synonymized under Centratherum, and Irwinia under Blanchetia. Because Lychnophora as currently circumscribed is paraphyletic, the genus is dismantled into three monophyletic genera: Lychnophora s.s., Lychnocephalus and a new genus described herein, Lychnophorella. Seven new species are described (Chronopappus lanatus, Lychnophora grisea, L. haplopappa, Lychnophorella jacobinensis, Piptolepis riparia, Prestelia espeletoidea and Proteopsis hermogenesii), 16 new combinations are proposed (Eremanthus reticulatus, E. syncephalus, Lychnocephalus humillimus, L. mellobarretoi, L. sellowii, Lychnophora hatschbachii, Lychnophorella blanchetii, L. bishopii, L. leucodendron, L. morii, L. regis, L. santosii, L. sericea, L. triflora, Piptolepis pabstii, Prestelia purpurascens) as well as eight new synonyms. We also propose a neotype for Ampherephis pulchella, an epitype for Crantzia ovata and lectotypes for 31 names including six second-step lectotypifications (Albertinia brasiliensis, A. polycephala, Ampherephis intermedia, Centratherum fruticosum, Eremanthus leucodendron, E. purpurascens, Gorceixia decurrens, Lychnophora albertinioides, L. brunioides, L. microphylla, L. pohlii, L. reticulata, L. rosmarinus var. affinis, L. rosmarinus var. normalis, L. sellowii, Piptolepis gardneri, Proteopsis sellowii, Symblomeria baldwiniana, Vanillosmopsis albertinioides, V. glomerata, V. pohlii, V. syncephala, Vernonia burchelliana, V. ericoides, V. imbricata, V. involucrata, V. leptospermoides, V. martiana, V. platycephala, V. pseudomyrtus and V. trichocarpha).

Rohdella siamensis gen. et sp.nov. (Aspidogastridae: Rohdellinae subfam.nov.) from fresh water fishes in Thailand, with a reorganization of the classification of the subclass Aspidogastrea

Parasitology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Gibson ◽  
S. Chinabut
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Single Family ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Hermaphroditic Duct

SUMMARYRohdella siamensis, a new genus and species of aspidogastrean, is described from freshwater fishes in Thailand. A new subfamily, the Rohdellinae, is erected to accommodate this worm on the grounds that it differs from all known aspidogastreans in that the male and female ducts unite to form an hermaphroditic duct, with the result that the intromittent organ is a sinus-organ and not a cirrus. A new classification of the subclass Aspidogastrea is presented. Two orders are recognized: the Aspidogastrida, containing a single family, the Aspidogastridae, which in turn contains 3 subfamilies, the Aspidogastrinae, the Cotylaspidinae and the Rohdellinae subfam.nov.; and the Stychocotylida ord.nov., containing 3 families, the Stichocotylidae, the Multicalycidae fam.nov. and the Rugogastridae. The systematic position of the Stichocotylida, and especially the Rugogastridae, is commented upon.

New Classification of Gemstone Colours

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
K. F. Chudoba
Keyword(s):  
New Classification
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