Genetic variation of lodgepole pine over time and microgeographical space

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Knowles ◽  
Michael C. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Temporal Heterogeneity ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Gene Frequencies

The genetic composition of Pinus contorta var. latifolia as determined by isozyme analysis was examined in terms of its variation over space and time. Four populations of lodgepole pine consisting of approximately 125 trees each were sampled along an elevational gradient spanning a distance of 2 km in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. Four isozymes were electrophoretically resolved from needle tissue removed from each tree. Ages were estimated from ring counts of either a tree core or a basal cross section of each tree. Gene frequencies were submitted to two-way analyses of variance using a subsampling procedure to generate multiple estimates within each cell. Analyses were performed to examine the variation in gene frequencies for each of the seven alleles resolved, using site (spatial) and age (temporal) as the independent factors. The results indicated that spatial heterogeneity contributes more to variation in genetic composition of lodgepole pine than does temporal heterogeneity. These results support theoretical proposals that spatial environmental heterogeneity under certain conditions can have more effect on variation in genetic composition than does temporal heterogeneity. It is further concluded that under certain conditions the analysis of variance procedure can be a useful analytic tool for examining gene frequency differences.

Genetic variability among and within closely spaced populations of lodgepole pine

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Genetic Pattern ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
Slight Deficiency ◽  
F Statistics

The genetic composition of Pinus contorta var. latifolia as determined by isozyme analysis was assessed and examined at two hierarchical levels; within closely spaced populations and within adjacent subpopulations. Four populations of lodgepole pine consisting of 125 trees each were sampled along an elevational gradient spanning a distance of approximately 2 km in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. Each population was further divided into five subpopulations. Four isozymes were electrophoretically resolved from needle tissue removed from each tree. Statistics characterizing the genetic structure were calculated including measures of genetic variability, tests of allelic heterogeneity, and F statistics. The results indicate that lodgepole pine has a relatively low level of genetic variation with 44% of its loci polymorphic, an average of 1.33 alleles per locus, heterozygous at 13.5% of their loci, and a polymorphic index of 0.144. Slightly less than 1% of the observed genetic variability resided among the four populations with the remainder residing among the individuals within populations. A slight deficiency of heterozygotes was indicated by the F statistics analysis. Allelic distributions at the subpopulation level indicated that clustering was evident although not a predominant characteristic of the genetic pattern. It is suggested that inbreeding and (or) the pooling of individuals from different breeding groups are likely phenomena contributing to the genetic pattern in lodgepole pine over microgeographical distances.Key words: genetic variability, lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia, isozyme.

The development of RAPD and microsatellite markers in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia)

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hicks ◽  
Denise Adams ◽  
Sandra O'Keefe ◽  
Ellen Macdonald ◽  
Ross Hodgetts
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽  
Genome Analyses

Two types of polymorphic DNA markers suitable for genome analyses, population genetic and ecological studies on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) have been developed. We detected 52 decameric oligonucleotides, within a set of 200, that could be used to amplify the pine DNA. From these, 4 that allowed unambiguous amplification of 10 random polymorphic (RAPD) loci, have been chosen for use in this species. Five polymorphic microsatellite loci were found following the screening of a genomic library and all contained the AGn motif. Such loci were present at a frequency of 1 in every 345 kb pairs of genomic DNA. Three loci were comprised of a simple dinucleotide repeat, one locus was of the form TAn - GAm and one was ATn - AGm. The number of alleles at the 5 microsatellite loci ranged from 3 to 8 in a sample of 6 trees from the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta and the alleles at all loci exhibited Mendelian segregation.Key words: DNA polymorphism, RAPD, microsatellite, SSR, Pinus contorta var. latifolia.

Monoterpene and morphological variation and hybridization of Pinus contorta and P. banksiana in Alberta

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Pollack ◽  
Bruce P. Dancik
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Putative Hybrid ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Monoterpene Composition

Five xylem oleoresin monoterpenes and 17 morphological characters of trees in four pine stands in Alberta were measured to delineate pure lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) from jack pine (P. banksiana Lamb.) in a region where hybridization commonly has been reported. Multivariate analysis determined α-pinene, β-phellandrene, and needle length best separated the taxa. The monoterpene composition of two putative hybrid stands at Onoway and Devon closely resembled that of jack pine. Analysis of the four major monoterpenes in an additional 10 stands allowed the identification of a transition zone between jack pine and lodgepole pine stands, which occurred farther west than previously reported and contained stands of highly variable monoterpene types. Trees in this region morphologically resembled lodgepole pine. The presence of variant monoterpene types in Front Range lodgepole pine stands and their absence from the Cypress Hills provide evidence for introgression of jack pine into lodgepole pine. No evidence of gene flow from lodgepole pine to jack pine was found. The two putative hybrid stands at Onoway and Devon probably consisted mostly of jack pine, with a small complement of hybrids.

scholarly journals Estimating Aboveground Tree Biomass for Beetle-Killed Lodgepole Pine in the Rocky Mountains of Northern Colorado

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woodam Chung ◽  
Paul Evangelista ◽  
Nathaniel Anderson ◽  
Anthony Vorster ◽  
Hee Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Northern Colorado ◽  
Aboveground Tree Biomass

Forest structure altered by mountain pine beetle outbreaks affects subsequent attack in a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2403-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Kashian ◽  
Rebecca M. Jackson ◽  
Heather D. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
The 1960S

Extensive outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) will alter the structure of many stands that will likely be attacked again before experiencing a stand-replacing fire. We examined a stand of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Grand Teton National Park currently experiencing a moderate-level outbreak and previously attacked by mountain pine beetle in the 1960s. Consistent with published studies, tree diameter was the main predictor of beetle attack on a given tree, large trees were preferentially attacked, and tree vigor, age, and cone production were unimportant variables for beetle attack at epidemic levels. Small trees killed in the stand were killed based mainly on their proximity to large trees and were likely spatially aggregated with large trees as a result of the previous outbreak. We concluded that the driving factors of beetle attack and their spatial patterns are consistent across outbreak severities but that stand structure altered by the previous outbreak had implications for the current outbreaks in the same location. This study should catalyze additional research that examines how beetle-altered stand structure affects future outbreaks — an important priority for predicting their impacts under climate change scenarios that project increases in outbreak frequency and extent.

Incidence of main stem infections of lodgepole pine by western gall rust decreases with tree age

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V Blenis ◽  
Wuhan Li
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Infection of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) by western gall rust has been shown to decrease with tree height and age, but the effects of those two factors have not been separated. Five replicate artificial inoculations were done on a total of 327 trees of different ages in two height classes. Temperature and percentage of spore germination at the height of inoculation, shoot development (stem elongation at the time of inoculation as a proportion of final shoot elongation), main stem leader length at the time of inoculation, tree height, and tree age were measured. Modeled percentages of infected trees and the number of galls per 10 cm of shoot length decreased by 85% and 88%, respectively, as tree age increased between 2 and 10 years, indicating the undesirability of early, aggressive precommercial thinning of lodgepole pine stands in areas where western gall rust is common. By controlling and (or) statistically accounting for inoculum, microclimate, and phenological factors, it was possible to demonstrate that changes in susceptibility with tree age are sufficient to account for the reduction in infection with tree height.

Modeling the effects of fire and climate change on carbon and nitrogen storage in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. H. SMITHWICK ◽  
M. G. RYAN ◽  
D. M. KASHIAN ◽  
W. H. ROMME ◽  
D. B. TINKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Storage ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Pathogenicity of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2368-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith N. Egger ◽  
J. W. Paden
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seed Infection

Forty isolates of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) were tested for in vitro pathogenicity on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. Two known pathogens, Caloscypha fulgens (Pers.) Boud. and Botrytis cinerea Pers., were included as a check of the method. Caloscypha fulgens was the only fungus that caused serious declines in seed germination, although several species of postfire Pezizales were capable of preemergence seed infection. Rhizina undulata Fr. and Pyropyxis rubra (Peck) Egger were strongly pathogenic on germinants. Pyropyxis rubra was not previously known to be pathogenic. Many isolates were weakly pathogenic on germinants under the conditions tested.

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