A thin-layer chromatographic study of the phenolics of the genus Aegilops. II. Numerical chemotaxonomy of the polyploid species

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1781-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kaltsikes ◽  
W. Dedio
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Aegilops Species ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Hybridization And Introgression

Based upon a thin-layer chromatographic study of the phenolics of young leaves of the species of the genus Aegilops, in which affinities both within and among diploid and polyploid groups were compared, the following conclusions were drawn. No new compounds were found in the polyploid Aegilops species. A. ovata must have arisen from A. umbellulata and A. comosa. A. columnaris probably contains genetic material derived from members of the Sitopsis section. A. biuncialis contains parts of the genome of A. comosa and parts from some member of the Sitopsis section. A. variabilis contains an S or modified S genome. A. triuncialis contains the C and Cu genomes. A. cylindrica contains the genomes C and D. A. crassa(4x) has an S genome in its constitution. A. ventricosa seems to contain parts of the A. caudata genome. A. crassa (6x) contains one D genome, probably from A. squarrosa, one from A. bicornis, and the third genome appears to contain parts from the M and S genomes. A. juvenalis and A. triaristata (6x) contain a modified S genome.The present study supports the hypothesis that extensive natural hybridization and introgression has taken place during the evolution of the polyploid species.

A thin-layer chromatographic study of the phenolics of the genus Aegilops. I. Numerical chemotaxonomy of the diploid species

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1775-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kaltsikes ◽  
W. Dedio
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Aegilops Species ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Study ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

A two-dimensional thin-layer chromatographic study of the phenolics of young leaves provided the means for a numerical chemotaxonomic study of the diploid species of the genus Aegilops L. A great amount of variation in types and concentration of these compounds was found within A. squarrosa. Var. anathera, typica, and meyeri, of the ssp. eusquarrosa, were more related to ssp. strangulata than to each other. However, since the subspecies are morphologically distinct, their present taxonomic position should be retained. A. comosa was distinguishable from all other species by the presence of a violet fluorescing compound, while A. mutica was distinct from the others by the presence of a blue and a yellow fluorescing compound. Members of the Sitopsis section exhibited a high degree of similarity in composition of phenolic compounds. Based on phenolic contrast, A. umbellulata should be placed in a section apart from A. caudata while the rest of the diploid species should remain as presently classified. All Aegilops species were distinctly different from T. aegilopoides and T. monococcum and should be retained as separate generic entities.

A thin-layer chromatographic study of the phenolics of Triticale and its parental species

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1589-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dedio ◽  
P. J. Kaltsikes ◽  
E. N. Larter
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Wheat Parent

The phenolics of young leaves from a hexaploid and three octaploid Triticale lines, and their rye and wheat parents were investigated by two dimensional thin-layer chromatography. Matching coefficients, coefficients of similarity, biochemical distances, and correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the degree of similarity of phenolics between the different groups. Chromatographic patterns and the calculated similarity measures showed a close relationship of phenolics between Triticale and its wheat parent. These patterns were even more closely related if the wheat parent was hexaploid. Two wheat varieties (Prelude and Kharkov) had identical chromatographic patterns while the variety Chinese Spring showed a reduced number of spots. The pattern of Stewart, a durum wheat variety, was intermediate between Chinese Spring and Prelude or Kharkov. Generally, the number of flavonoid compounds increased with the level of ploidy but did not increase proportionally with the number of genomes.

GENETIC REGULATION OF HETEROGENETIC CHROMOSOME PAIRING IN POLYPLOID SPECIES OF THE GENUS TRITICUM sensu lato

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McGuire ◽  
Jan Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
A Genome

Polyploid species of Triticum sensu lato were crossed with Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. cv. Chinese Spring monotelodisomics or ditelosomics that were monosomic for chromosome 5B. Progeny from these crosses were either euploid, nullisomic for 5B, monotelosomic for a given Chinese Spring chromosome, or nullisomic for 5B and monotelosomic simultaneously. The Chinese Spring telosome in the hybrids permitted the evaluation of autosyndesis of chromosomes of the tested species. In addition, several Chinese Spring eu- and aneuhaploids were produced. Genotypes of T. cylindricum Ces., T. juvenale Thell., T. triunciale (L.) Raspail, T. ovatum (L.) Raspail, T. columnare (Zhuk.) Morris et Sears, T. triaristatum (Willd.) Godr. et Gren., and T. rectum (Zhuk.) comb. nov. were all shown to have suppressive effects on heterogenetic pairing in hybrids lacking 5B or 3AS, whereas T. kotschyi (Boiss.) Bowden had no effect. It was concluded that diploid-like meiosis in these species is due to genetic regulation. A number of these genotypes promoted heterogenetic pairing in the presence of 5B. A model is presented to explain this dichotomous behavior of the tested genotypes. Monotelosomic-3AL haploids had a greater amount of pairing than did euhaploid Chinese Spring, which substantiated the presence of a pairing suppressor(s) on the 3AS arm. Evidence is presented that shows that T. juvenale does not have a genome homologous with the D genome of T. aestivum.

Phylogenetic relationships among the polyploid and diploid Aegilops species inferred from the nuclear 5S rDNA sequences (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Genome ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Baum ◽  
T. Edwards ◽  
M. Mamuti ◽  
D.A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Reticulate Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Aegilops Species ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Unit Classes ◽  
Cytogenetic Analyses

Phylogenetic inferences of the polyploid Aegilops taxa were drawn based upon the analysis of 909 nuclear 5S rDNA sequences obtained from 15 Aegilops polyploid taxa (531 sequences new to this paper) and 378 sequences from our previous study on the diploid taxa. The 531 sequences can be split into two orthologous groups (unit classes), the long AE1 and short AE1 previously identified in the diploid set. An examination of the relationships between unit classes and their associated haplomes suggests that U haplome sequences found in Ae. umbellulata are the closest to the T sequences found in Amblyopyrum muticum and that sequences of the polyploid species expected to be the M type found in Ae. comos are more similar to the T haplome sequences, except in the three hexaploids Ae. glumiaristata, Ae. juvenalis, and Ae. vavilovii and the tetraploid Ae. crassa where they are found to be similar to the M haplome sequences. These three hexaploid taxa likely originated from the tetraploid Ae. crassa (DM), while the closest taxon to the fourth hexaploid, Ae. recta, is the tetraploid Ae. neglecta (UM). Based upon the distribution of the unit classes, several reticulate phylogenies depicting evolutionary relationships among diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid taxa were constructed; however, none of these widely used methods could depict the expected reticulate relationship as previously drawn from cytogenetic analyses in this group of allopolyploid species. These results suggest that evolutionary relationships derived from models based upon the assumption of bifurcating species require careful interpretation when these same models are applied to species with reticulate evolution.

The biosystematics of the genus Lotus (Leguminosae) in Canada. II. Numerical chemotaxonomy

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Grant ◽  
Ilse I. Zandstra
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cytological Study ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Chemical Identification ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Fluorescent Compounds

A thin-layer chromatographic study of fluorescent compounds present in native (L. denticulatus, L. formosissimus, L. micranthus, L. pinnatus, L. purshianus) and introduced (L. corniculatus, L. krylovii, L.pedunculatus, L. tenuis) Canadian species of Lotus has been carried out and relationships of the species have been determined on the basis of the coefficients of association of these compounds. Chemical identification of the compounds was not attempted, but test reagents indicated a number to be phenolics. The analysis supported the general taxonomic relationships of the species based on a morphological and cytological study. Of the native species, L. pinnatus and L. formosissimus were the most closely related, with a coefficient of association of 83.33. Lotus denticulatus, the only native species with a chromosome number of n = 6, in general showed lower coefficients of association with the n = 7 species. Of the introduced species, all of which belong to the L. corniculatus group with a basic chromosome number of 6, L. krylovii and L. tenuis had the highest coefficient of association, 75.86. Based on their coefficients of association, both of these diploid species were more closely related to the tetraploid L. corniculatus than to the diploid L. pedunculatus.

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