LONGEVITY OF SOME COMMON FUNGI IN CEREAL SEED

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Machacek ◽  
H. A. H. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Pure Culture ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Alternaria Tenuis ◽  
Cereal Seed

Tests made at regular intervals over a period of 10 years on naturally infested seed of wheat, oats, and barley that had been held in storage showed that most of the seed, while retaining its germinability, became free from viable fungi before the end of the storage period. Alternaria tenuis sensu Wiltshire in all three crops, Helminthosporium sativum P.K. & B. in wheat and barley, and Septoria nodorum Berk, in wheat died out comparatively rapidly. H. avenae Eidam in oats and H. teres Sacc. in barley lost their viability slowly and since, by the end of the storage period, most of the microorganisms associated with them in infested kernels were dead, these two fungi could generally be recovered in pure culture.

AN ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING BACTERIUM OF THE GENUS PSEUDOMONAS

1954 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. F. Chinn
Keyword(s):  
Pure Culture ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

A Gram-negative rod, conforming; to Pseudomonas viscosa (Frankland and Frankland) Migula, was isolated in practically pure culture from a sample of wheat that did not show the usual mixture of epiphytes. In vitro studies revealed an unusual antibiotic spectrum against a variety of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as against Helminthosporium sativum and Fusarium culmorum. Comparative.studies of the organism and P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, and P. chlororaphis indicated that it possessed greater antibiotic activity than any of these three species of Pseudomonas. Application to the control of some plant pathogenic organisms is suggested.

VARIABILITY IN ASSOCIATION EFFECTS OF OTHER SOIL FUNGI ON THE VIRULENCE OF HELMINTHOSPORIUM SATIVUM ON WHEAT SEEDLINGS

1940 ◽  
Vol 18c (11) ◽  
pp. 562-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Sanford ◽  
M. W. Cormack
Keyword(s):  
Pure Culture ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Preliminary Study

Random isolates of Penicillium, Actinomyces, and certain miscellaneous soil-inhabiting fungi were tested in steam sterilized soil, under pure culture conditions, for their association effects on the virulence of Helminthosporium sativum P. K. and B. on wheat seedlings. Certain isolates of the first two genera mentioned exerted a marked degree of suppression, some had no effect, while others increased the virulence. Similarly, these effects varied widely within certain species of Penicillium. This preliminary study indicates that the random isolates of many genera and species of fungi may differ widely in ability to affect the virulence of certain plant pathogens.

The internal microflora of wheat grains in Western Australia

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
WA Shipton ◽  
SC Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Facial Eczema

The microflora of 568 samples of surface sterilized wheat grains, harvested in 1963-64 and 1964-65 in Western Australia, were examined. Alternaria spp, were the most commonly isolated organisms, being present in 17.7 per cent of all grain and 98.7 per cent of all samples over the two years. The frequency of occurrence was not related to grain discolouration. Of the remaining organisms, Helminthosporium sativum, Fusarium spp., Podosporiella vertillata, and Septoria nodorum are known to be pathogenic to wheat. H. sativum and Fusarium spp. were isolated only in trace amounts in the grain and in few samples, whereas P. verticillata and S. nodorum occurred in 1.86 and 3.40 per cent respectively of all grain and 39.92 and 70.57 per cent respectively of all samples. Pithomyes chartarum, the organism causing facial eczema in animals, was isolated once from each of two grain samples.

LONGEVITY STUDIES WITH WHEAT SEED AND CERTAIN SEED-BORNE FUNGI

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Alternaria Tenuis ◽  
Seed Coats ◽  
Original Amount

The longevity of several lots of wheat seed with cracked seed coats was compared, over a period of 17 years, with that of several lots of seed with sound coats. At the beginning of the test the average germination of the first group was 4 per cent lower than that of the second. This difference increased to 12 per cent and remained at that level for about 9 years, but for the last 4 years there was little difference in the germination of the two groups. All seed lots germinated well for about 8 years; then the seed lost its viability with increasing rapidity up to the 15th year, after which it deteriorated more slowly until, at the end of 17 years, nearly all the seed was dead.The longevity of two seed-borne fungi, Helminthosporium sativum, and Alternaria tenuis, on wheat seed was compared. A. tenuis disappeared in about 7 years. H. sativum lost its viability more slowly. Eight per cent of the original amount was present on the seed at the end of 17 years.

scholarly journals Biotic effects of mycoflora of leaves, glumes and seeds on Septoria nodorum foliowing Triticum aestivum treatment with fungicides

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Series Method ◽  
Mucor Hiemalis ◽  
Helminthosporium Sativum ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
Biotic Effects

Using a biotic series method, interactions between <i>Sepfona nodorum</i> and associated fungal communities isolated from leaves, glumes, and seeds of spring <i>Triticum acstivum</i>. cv. Kolibri treated with Bayleton 25 WP. Dithane M-45. and Funaben K were determined. Control planls were sprayed with water. Most fungi accompanying <i>S. nodorum</i> in the field inhibited the growth of this pathogen on a potato glucose agar medium. Fungi which restricted the growth of <i>S. nodorum</i> the most were <i>Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Helminthosporium sativum, Mucor hiemalis, Rbizophus nigrieans, Stemphylium botryosum, Trichothecium roseum</i>, and two non-sporulating forms. <i>Septoria nodorum</i> replaced <i>Cladosporium</i> spp. and a yeast-like pink fungus. The biotic resistance to <i>S. nodorum</i> increased with me age of plant. The fungal populations recovered from plants sampled in 1982 and 1983 inhibited the growth of <i>S. nodorum</i> whereas most of those isolated in the relatively wet and cold year 1984 favoured the development of this pathogen, The lowest biotic resistance of the fungal communities investigated to <i>S. nodorum</i> was generally found following spraying of plant s with Bayleton 25 WP, and ihe highest in Funabed K - and water-treated plants.

Storage of Human Blood Platelets

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R Hardeman ◽  
Carina J L. Heynens
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates

SummaryStorage experiments were performed at 4°, 25° and 37° C with platelet-rich plasma under sterile conditions. In some experiments also the effect of storing platelets at 4° C in whole blood was investigated.Before, during and after three days of storage, the platelets were tested at 37° C for their serotonin uptake and response to hypotonic shock. In addition some glycolytic intermediates were determined.A fair correlation was noticed between the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock experiments. Both parameters were best maintained at 25° C. Also platelet counting, performed after the storage period, indicated 25° C as the best storage temperature. Determination of glycolytic intermediates did not justify any conclusion regarding the optimal storage temperature. Of the various anticoagulants studied, ACD and heparin gave the best results as to the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock response, either with fresh or stored platelets. The use of EDTA resulted in the lowest activity, especially after storage.The results of these storage experiments in vitro, correspond well with those in vivo reported in the literature.

EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI PADA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) SEGAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Dyah Anggraeni ◽  
Nurlela Nurlela
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Colony Counter

Background: Natural preservatives are compounds produced by natural ingredients that can suppress bacterial growth and development. Natural preservatives are carried out because most of the preservatives circulating are chemicals and unsafe for the body. One of the natural preservatives is by using garlic extract (Allium sativum L).  Objective: This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial garlic (Allium sativum L) as a natural preservative in fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).  Method: This research used the Pour Plate iroculation method. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which is soaked with garlic (Allium sativum L) with a concentration of 7%, 14% and 21% for 30 minutes, then the fish will be kept at room temperature with a storage period of 24 hours and 48 hours and calculated growth in bacterial numbers with the Colony counter.  Result: Based on the research result, it was found that garlic extract (Allium sativum L) can obstruct the effectiveness of antibacterial in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at a concentration of 14%.

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