TGFβ and Runx2 calibration of bone extracellular matrix quality for tissue-specific function

IBMS BoneKEy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 370-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Alliston ◽  
Jolie Chang
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Matrix Quality

scholarly journals Coordinated expression of extracellular matrix-degrading proteinases and their inhibitors regulates mammary epithelial function during involution.

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 1271-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Talhouk ◽  
M J Bissell ◽  
Z Werb
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Beta Casein

Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the maintenance of mammary epithelial differentiation in culture. We asked whether changes in mouse mammary specific function in vivo correlate with changes in the ECM. We showed, using expression of beta-casein as a marker, that the temporal expression of ECM-degrading proteinases and their inhibitors during lactation and involution are inversely related to functional differentiation. After a lactation period of 9 d, mammary epithelial cells maintained beta-casein expression up to 5 d of involution. Two metalloproteinases, 72-kD gelatinase (and its 62-kD active form), and stromelysin, and a serine proteinase tissue plasminogen activator were detected by day four of involution, and maintained expression until at least day 10. The expression of their inhibitors, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, preceded the onset of ECM-degrading proteinase expression and was detected by day two of involution, and showed a sharp peak of expression centered on days 4-6 of involution. When involution was accelerated by decreasing lactation to 2 d, there was an accelerated loss of beta-casein expression evident by day four and a shift in expression of ECM-remodeling proteinases and inhibitors to a focus at 2-4 d of involution. To further extend the correlation between mammary-specific function and ECM remodeling we initiated involution by sealing just one gland in an otherwise hormonally sufficient lactating animal. Alveoli in the sealed gland contained casein for at least 7 d after sealing, and closely resembled those in a lactating gland. The relative expression of TIMP in the sealed gland increased, whereas the expression of stromelysin was much lower than that of a hormone-depleted involuting gland, indicating that the higher the ratio of TIMP to ECM-degrading proteinases the slower the process of involution. To test directly the functional role of ECM-degrading proteinases in the loss of tissue-specific function we artificially perturbed the ECM-degrading proteinase-inhibitor ratio in a normally involuting gland by maintaining high concentrations of TIMP protein with the use of surgically implanted slow-release pellets. In a concentration-dependent fashion, involuting mammary glands that received TIMP implants maintained high levels of casein and delayed alveolar regression. These data suggest that the balance of ECM-degrading proteinases and their inhibitors regulates the organization of the basement membrane and the tissue-specific function of the mammary gland.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Tissue Beads: Tissue‐Specific Extracellular Matrix Microbeads to Potentiate Reprogrammed Cell‐Based Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (31) ◽  
pp. 1807803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Seung Lee ◽  
Yoon Ho Roh ◽  
Yi Sun Choi ◽  
Yoonhee Jin ◽  
Eun Je Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Effects of adrenocorticotrophic hormone on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in the bovine ovary

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
E. M. Belotti ◽  
A. N. Amweg ◽  
V. Matiller ◽  
M. L. Varela ◽  
A. F. Stassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Bovine Ovary ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

Cattle undergo numerous environmental and management stressors that reduce fertility and affect ovulation. The extracellular matrix of the follicle wall can be altered by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the activities of which are regulated by interleukins and tissue-specific inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), especially during ovulation. The aims of the present study were to: (1) evaluate changes in the hormone milieu, the localisation and activity of MMP2 and MMP9 and the localisation of MMP14, TIMP1 and TIMP2 in response to adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) during the preovulatory period in cows; and (2) determine the direct effects of ACTH on the mRNA expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in the cultured follicle wall of bovine ovaries obtained from an abattoir. 100IU ACTH was administered during pro-oestrus every 12h until ovariectomy, which was performed before ovulation. Cortisol concentrations in the plasma and follicular fluid (FF) of preovulatory follicles were higher in ACTH-treated than control cows. Progesterone presented subluteal concentrations in plasma of ACTH-treated cows (P<0.05). MMP2 immunostaining and activity in ovaries were higher in ACTH-treated than control cows (P<0.05), whereas MMP9 immunostaining was similar between the two groups. However, unlike in control cows, MMP9 activity was absent in the FF of ACTH-treated cows. These results suggest that the administration of ACTH during the preovulatory period in cows could cause changes that culminate in modifications in the content and activation of MMPs and TIMPs in the ovary, which could interfere with the ovulation process.

scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Originated from Different Organs Mediate Tissue-Specific Properties and Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11624
Author(s):  
Tzila Davidov ◽  
Yael Efraim ◽  
Rotem Hayam ◽  
Jacopo Oieni ◽  
Limor Baruch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Gene Expression Analyses ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time

Porcine extracellular matrix (pECM)-derived hydrogels were introduced, in recent years, aiming to benefit the pECM’s microstructure and bioactivity, while controlling the biomaterial’s physical and mechanical properties. The use of pECM from different tissues, however, offers tissue-specific features that can better serve different applications. In this study, pECM hydrogels derived from cardiac, artery, pancreas, and adipose tissues were compared in terms of composition, structure, and mechanical properties. While major similarities were demonstrated between all the pECM hydrogels, their distinctive attributes were also identified, and their substantial effects on cell-ECM interactions were revealed. Furthermore, through comprehensive protein and gene expression analyses, we show, for the first time, that each pECM hydrogel supports the spontaneous differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells towards the resident cells of its origin tissue. These findings imply that the origin of ECM should be carefully considered when designing a biomedical platform, to achieve a maximal bioactive impact.

scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Promote Expression of Paxillin, a Muscle-Tendon Junction Marker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis S. Gaffney ◽  
Matthew B. Fisher ◽  
Donald O. Freytes
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Tissue Models ◽  
Cells Cultured

AbstractMuscle and tendon injuries are prevalent and range from minor sprains and strains to traumatic, debilitating injuries. However, the interactions between these tissues during injury and recovery remain unclear. Three-dimensional tissue models that incorporate both tissues and a physiologically relevant junction between muscle and tendon may aide in understanding how the two tissues interact. Here, we use tissue specific extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from muscle and tendon to determine how cells of each tissue interact with the microenvironment of the opposite tissue resulting in junction specific features. ECM materials were derived from the achilles tendon and gastrocnemius muscle, decellularized, and processed to form tissue specific pre-hydrogel digests. C2C12 myoblasts and tendon fibroblasts were cultured in tissue-specific ECM conditioned media or encapsulated in tissue-specific ECM hydrogels to determine cell-matrix interactions and the effects on a muscle-tendon junction marker, paxillin. ECM conditioned media had only a minor effect on upregulation of paxillin in cells cultured in monolayer. However, cells cultured within ECM hydrogels had 50-70% higher paxillin expression than cells cultured in type I collagen hydrogels. Contraction of the ECM hydrogels varied by the type of ECM used. Subsequent experiments with varying density of type I collagen (and thus contraction) showed no correlation between paxillin expression and the amount of gel contraction, suggesting that a constituent of the ECM was the driver of paxillin expression in the ECM hydrogels. Using tissue specific ECM allowed for the de-construction of the cell-matrix interactions similar to muscle-tendon junctions to study the expression of MTJ specific proteins.Impact StatementThe muscle-tendon junction is an important feature of muscle-tendon units; however, despite cross-talk between the two tissue types, it is overlooked in current research. Deconstructing the cell-matrix interactions will allow the opportunity to study significant junction specific features and markers that should be included in tissue models of the muscle-tendon unit, while gaining a deeper understanding of the natural junction. This research aims to inform future methods to engineer a more relevant multi-tissue platform to study the muscle-tendon unit.

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