scholarly journals A Gauge Invariant Discretization on Simplicial Grids of the Schrödinger Eigenvalue Problem in an Electromagnetic Field

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snorre H. Christiansen ◽  
Tore G. Halvorsen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Eigenvalue Problem ◽  
Gauge Invariant

The interaction of molecular multipoles with the electromagnetic field in the canonical formulation of non-covariant quantum electrodynamics

1970 ◽  
Vol 319 (1539) ◽  
pp. 549-563 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Physical Interpretation ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Unitary Transformation ◽  
Canonical Quantization ◽  
Multipole Moments ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Covariant Quantum ◽  
Canonical Formulation ◽  
Gauge Conditions

The procedure devised by Dirac for the canonical quantization of systems described by degenerate lagrangians is used to construct the hamiltonian for molecules interacting with the electromagnetic field. The hamiltonian obtained is expressed in terms of the gauge invariant field strengths and the electric and magnetic multipole moments of the molecules. The Coulomb gauge is introduced but other gauge conditions could be used. Finally, a physical interpretation of the unitary transformation that may be used to generate the multipole hamiltonian is given.

Classical electrodynamics of spinning particles

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 943-947
Author(s):  
Bruce Hoeneisen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Wave Equations ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Radiation Reaction ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Electric Dipole Moments ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Intrinsic Angular Momentum

We consider particles with mass, charge, intrinsic magnetic and electric dipole moments, and intrinsic angular momentum in interaction with a classical electromagnetic field. From this action we derive the equations of motion of the position and intrinsic angular momentum of the particle including the radiation reaction, the wave equations of the fields, the current density, and the energy-momentum and angular momentum of the system. The theory is covariant with respect to the general Lorentz group, is gauge invariant, and contains no divergent integrals.

scholarly journals THE PROPER TIME EQUATION AND THE ZAMOLODCHIKOV METRIC

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 2887-2906 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SATHIAPALAN
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Renormalization Group ◽  
Vector Field ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Beta Function ◽  
Open String ◽  
Point Function ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Electromagnetic Field Strength ◽  
Uniform Electromagnetic Field

The connection between the proper time equation and the Zamolodchikov metric is discussed. The connection is twofold. First, as already known, the proper time equation is the product of the Zamolodchikov metric and the renormalization group beta function. Second, the condition that the two-point function is the Zamolodchikov metric implies the proper time equation. We study the massless vector of the open string in detail. In the exactly calculable case of a uniform electromagnetic field strength we recover the Born-Infeld equation. We describe the systematics of the perturbative evaluation of the gauge-invariant proper time equation for the massless vector field. The method is valid for nonuniform fields and gives results that are exact to all orders in derivatives. As a nontrivial check, we show that in the limit of uniform fields it reproduces the lowest order Born-Infeld equation.

scholarly journals ARE THERE TOPOLOGICALLY CHARGED STATES ASSOCIATED WITH QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS?

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (22) ◽  
pp. 4009-4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. MARINO
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Topological Charge ◽  
Invariant Operator ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Intensity Threshold ◽  
Topological Current ◽  
New States ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Electrically Charged

We present a generalization of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in terms of an antisymmetric tensor gauge field. In this formulation the topological current of this field appears as a source for the electromagnetic field and the topological charge therefore acts physically as an electric charge. The charged states of QED lie in the sector where the topological charge is identical to the matter charge. The antisymmetric field theory, however, admits new sectors where the topological charge is more general. These nontrivial, electrically charged sectors contain massless states orthogonal to the vacuum which are created by a gauge-invariant operator and can be interpreted as coherent states of photons. We evaluate the correlation functions of these states in the absence of matter. The new states have a positive definite norm and do interact with the charged states of QED in the usual way. It is argued that if these new sectors are in fact realized in nature, then a very intense background electromagnetic field is necessary for their experimental observation. The order of magnitude of the intensity threshold is estimated. The value of the quantum of charge is also obtained.

Topological interaction of electromagnetism and torsion

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Principle Of Equivalence ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Topological Interaction

A fully gauge-invariant topological coupling of torsion to the electromagnetic field is examined. It is shown, while the gravitational fields are unaltered, torsion may serve as a source for electromagnetism and electromagnetism may serve as a source for torsion. Unlike most couplings, this gives rise to conservation of charge, no magnetic monopoles, and is in agreement with the principle of equivalence.

A CAUSAL, LORENTZ COVARIANT AND GAUGE-INVARIANT VACUUM FOR A DIRAC FIELD IN THE PRESENCE OF AN EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (09) ◽  
pp. 793-800
Author(s):  
A.Z. CAPRI ◽  
S.M. ROY
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
External Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dirac Field ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Bogoliubov Transformations

We show how to construct, for a Dirac field coupled to time-dependent external electromagnetic field, an instantaneous causal vacuum that depends only on the (planar) hypersurface of instantaneity and is independent of coordinates and gauges. The instantaneous particle states are then defined covariantly and connected to states defined with respect to other hypersurfaces of instantaneity by Bogoliubov transformations.

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