Effects of the Gas Phase Composition and Genesis of the Active Sodium Carbonate on Its Reactivity Towards Gaseous Mixture SO2 + NOx

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-391
Author(s):  
Květoslava Stejskalová ◽  
Pavel Bach ◽  
Erich Lippert ◽  
Karel Mocek
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Gaseous Mixture ◽  
Solid Substance ◽  
Integral Conditions ◽  
Active Sodium ◽  
Partial Pressures

The reactivity of the solid active sodium carbonate towards gaseous mixture SO2 + NOx has been measured in the dependence on oxygen and carbon dioxide contents and on genesis of the solid substance. The fixed bed flow reactor working under integral conditions has been used. It was found that the reactivity of the active sodium carbonate of the 1st generation towards gaseous mixture SO2 + NOx is higher than the reactivity of the active sodium carbonate of the 2nd generation. In the temperature range of 130-180 °C the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide have no decisive influence on the reactivity of the active sodium carbonate of the 1st generation.

scholarly journals Gas-Phase and Aqueous Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methylamine: The Reaction Pathways

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kachina ◽  
Sergei Preis ◽  
German Charles Lluellas ◽  
Juha Kallas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactor

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of methylamine (MA) on titanium dioxide in aqueous and gaseous phases was studied. A simple batch glass reactor for aqueous PCO and an annular continuous flow reactor for the gas-phase PCO were used. Maximum aqueous PCO efficiency was achieved in alkaline media. Two mechanisms of aqueous PCO—decomposition to formate and ammonia, and oxidation of organic nitrogen directly to nitrite—lead ultimately toCO2, water, ammonia, and nitrate: formate and nitrite were observed as intermediates. A part of the ammonia formed in the reaction was oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Volatile PCO products of MA included ammonia, nitrogen dioxide(NO2), nitrous oxide(N2O), carbon dioxide, and water. Thermal catalytic oxidation (TCO) resulted in the formation of ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water. The gas-phase PCO kinetics is described by the monomolecular Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. No deactivation ofTiO2catalyst was observed.

A Gas-Phase Flow Reactor for Ethylene Carbonate Synthesis from Waste Carbon Dioxide

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (43) ◽  
pp. 11454-11457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael North ◽  
Pedro Villuendas ◽  
Carl Young
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Phase Flow

scholarly journals Isolation of an Obligate Mixotrophic Methanogen That Represents the Major Population in Thermophilic Fixed-Bed Anaerobic Digesters

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Misa Nagoya ◽  
Atsushi Kouzuma ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ueno ◽  
Kazuya Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Limiting Dilution

Methanothermobacter Met2 is a metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) that encodes a putative mixotrophic methanogen constituting the major populations in thermophilic fixed-bed anaerobic digesters. In order to characterize its physiology, the present work isolated an archaeon (strain Met2-1) that represents Met2-type methanogens by using a combination of enrichments under a nitrogen atmosphere, colony formation on solid media and limiting dilution under high partial pressures of hydrogen. Strain Met2-1 utilizes hydrogen and carbon dioxide for methanogenesis, while the growth is observed only when culture media are additionally supplemented with acetate. It does not grow on acetate in the absence of hydrogen. The results demonstrate that Methanothermobacter sp. strain Met2-1 is a novel methanogen that exhibits obligate mixotrophy.

Methanol Dehydrogenation to Formaldehyde over Zinc Oxide-Modified Sodium Carbonate

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1826-1830
Author(s):  
Qing Song Wang ◽  
Gong Li ◽  
Min Jian Huang ◽  
Shu Xi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Methanol Dehydrogenation ◽  
Weight Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Catalyst Composition ◽  
Grinding Method

Methanol dehydrogenation to formaldehyde was conducted in a fixed-bed flow reactor under the atmospheric pressure with sodium carbonate modified by metal oxides. The effects of catalyst composition, reaction temperature, weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the reaction were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TG and nitrogen adsorption. The results indicated that ZnO/Na2CO3 containing 2wt% ZnO prepared by mechanical grinding method had higher catalytic activity for methanol dehydrogenation to formaldehyde. The conversion of methanol and the selectivity of formaldehyde were respectively 57.62% and 77.84% under the condition of wmethanol/wfeed =0.19, reaction temperature 650°C and WHSV (methanol) 7h-1.

Kinetics of carbon dioxide absorption from air in a flow reactor with a fixed bed of K2CO3-based sorbent

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 850-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Sivtsova ◽  
S. I. Eremenko ◽  
V. S. Derevschikov ◽  
J. V. Veselovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Kinetics Of

Mass transfer between a moving gas stream and single particles of some important sorbents for sulphur dioxide

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Miloslav Hartman ◽  
Karel Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Mass Transfer Resistance ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Active Sodium ◽  
Simple Analysis ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Very High

For the particles of calcium oxide and active sodium carbonate an effect of mass transfer is explored on the overall rate of their reactions with sulphur dioxide. The results of a simple analysis show that the mass transfer resistance in the gas phase cannot be neglected. The extraordinary reactivity of active sodium carbonate can be fully utilized only in such contactors where very high rates of mass transfer are ensured.

Reactivity of the solid sodium carbonate towards the gaseous hydrogen chloride and the sulphur dioxide

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 3500-3507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Erich Lippert ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate ◽  
A Value ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Inactive Form

The rate of reaction of the anhydrous sodium carbonate with the hydrogen chloride and its mixture with sulphur dioxide was measured in an integral fixed-bed reactor. Reactivity of the active sodium carbonate towards the hydrogen chloride is lower as compared with its reactivity towards the sulphur dioxide. A relationship was found between the reactivity of the solid and the way of its preparation. The inactive form of the sodium carbonate is inactive towards both the sulphur dioxide and the hydrogen chloride. The active form of the sodium carbonate exhibits towards the hydrogen chloride a reactivity which is by orders of magnitude higher than that of the inactive form. The variation of the ratio of partial pressures of the hydrogen chloride and the sulphur dioxide in the reaction with the sodium carbonate does not affect significantly the total degree of the solid conversion, which attained a value of 65% in laboratory experiments. The degree of gas purification from the acid components did not fall under a value of 99% up to a solid conversion of about 50% at a mean gas contact time of about 10-2 s.

Contribution to the study of the reaction between solid sodium carbonate and gaseous sulphur dioxide

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2281-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Vobiš ◽  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Effective Rate Constant ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
True Rate ◽  
Partial Pressures

The heterogeneous reaction between solid sodium carbonate and gaseous sulphur dioxide of partial pressures from 1.2 to 7.5 kPa has been investigated in a fixed-bed reactor at temperatures of 54 and 81 °C in the presence of water vapour of partial pressures from 0.30 to 1.25 kPa. An independence of the reaction course of the sulphur dioxide content in the gas phase and a linear dependence of the reaction rate on the partial pressure of water vapour were found under the above conditions. The rate equation derived previously has been simplified and the set of differential equations describing the reaction in a fixed bed has been solved. The relations obtained have been applied to an evaluation of the effective rate constant. The true rate constant has been estimated to be independent of temperature.

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