Kinetics of ammonia recovery from soda-plant liquor by burnt magnesite

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1718-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Glaser ◽  
Jan Vídenský
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Kinetic Equation ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Test Evaluation ◽  
Ammonia Recovery ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the reaction of a soda-plant liquor containing ammonium chloride and sodium chloride with softly burnt magnesite have been investigated using a modified distillation test. Evaluation of the kinetic data has shown that the reaction rate is controlled by the dissolution of the solid phase. The kinetic equation for this variant of reaction mechanism has been modified to obtain a form suitable for chemical engineering calculations. A procedure of determining the adjustable parameters of this equation is illustrated by treating the obtained experimental data.

Kinetics of the reaction between magnesium oxide and ammonium chloride solution

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1711-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Glaser ◽  
Jan Vídenský ◽  
Miroslav Kužela
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Kinetic Equation ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonium Chloride Solution ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Rate Controlling Step

The kinetics of the reaction between magnesium oxide and ammonium chloride solution in a well-stirred batch reactor have been investigated. The results have shown that the rate-controlling step is the dissolution of the solid phase. A kinetic equation has been derived for this variant of reaction mechanism.

The kinetics of the decarboxylation of β-resorcylic acid in catechol

1976 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Haleem ◽  
MA Hakeem
Keyword(s):  
Rate Equation ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
First Order ◽  
Absolute Reaction Rate ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Absolute Reaction ◽  
Reaction Rate Equation

Kinetic data are reported for the decarboxylation of β-resorcylic acid in resorcinol and catechol for the first time. The reaction is first order. The observation supports the view that the decomposition proceeds through an intermediate complex mechanism. The parameters of the absolute reaction rate equation are calculated.

scholarly journals The alcoholysis of 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl-methylfluorophosphonate

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 857-866
Author(s):  
Mladjen Micevic ◽  
Slobodan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Activation Entropy ◽  
Second Order Reaction ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Kinetics Of

The alcoholysis of 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl-methylfluorophosphonate (soman) was examined with a series of alkoxides and in corresponding alcohols: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol. Soman reacts with the used alkoxides in a second order reaction, first order in each reactant. The kinetics of the reaction between 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl-methylfluorophosphonate and ethanol in the presence of diethylenetriamine was also examined. A third order reaction rate constant was calculated, first order in each reactant. The activation energy, frequency factor and activation entropy were determined on the basis of the kinetic data.

Untersuchung der alkalischen Hydrolyse des Benzoesäurebenzylesters in Wasser-Äthanol 1 : 1 / Study of the Basic Hydrolysis of Benzyl Benzoate in Water-Ethyl Alcohol 1:1

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1697-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mansilla ◽  
P. Martinez ◽  
J. Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Conductometric Method ◽  
Alcohol Medium ◽  
Basic Hydrolysis ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Water Alcohol

By using a conductometric method, the kinetics of the basic hydrolysis of benzyl benzoate in water-alcohol medium has been investigated. The second order rate constant follows the equation K = A exp {-E/RT} with A = 1.35·1010 l mol-1 min-1 and E = 14.5 kcal mol-1. A reaction mechanism is postulated, which is consistent with the experimental data.

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Selenium(IV) by Permanganate Ion in Aqueous Perchlorate Solutions

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Refat M. Hassan ◽  
Sahr A. El-Gaiar ◽  
Abd El-Hady M. El-Summan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Selenium Dioxide ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Mechanism Of Oxidation ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of permanganate oxidation of selenium dioxide in perchloric acid solutions at a constant ionic strength of 2.0 mol dm-3 has been investigated spectrophotometrically. A first-order reaction in [MnO4-] and fractional order with respect to selenium(IV) were observed. The reaction rate was found to be pH-independent at lower acid concentrations ([H+] < 0.5 mol dm-3) and was acid-catalyzed beyond this range. Addition of Mn2+ and F- ions leads to the prediction that MnO4- is the sole reactive species in the oxidation process. A tentative reaction mechanism consistent with the reaction kinetics has been proposed.

Kinetics of nucleophilic displacement of 2,5-disubstituted furans

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 2417-2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viera Knoppová ◽  
Rudolf Kada ◽  
Jaroslav Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Nucleophilic Reagent ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement ◽  
Kinetics Of

5-Nitro- and 5-bromo-2-furfurylidenemalonitriles react with secondary saturated amines in an SN reaction to replace bromo or nitro groups. The effects of nucleophilic reagent, solvent and temperature on the reaction rate were investigated. The results were contrasted with kinetic data of the SN reaction of 5-(4-X-phenylsulfonyl- or phenylthio)-2-furfurylidenemalonitriles.

Cementation kinetics of copper on a rotating zinc cylinder

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1204-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Glaser ◽  
Jan Vídenský ◽  
Miroslav Kužela
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Kinetic Equation ◽  
Rate Equation ◽  
Diffusion Region ◽  
First Order ◽  
Proportionality Constant ◽  
Zinc Surface ◽  
Reaction Proceeds ◽  
Kinetics Of

The authors followed the course of cementation of copper from sulphate solutions on a rotating zinc cylinder. Treatment of experimental data revealed that the coefficient of proportionality in the kinetic equation is not influenced by the Cu layer deposited on the zinc surface and is independent of the concentration of Cu(II) ions, but decreases with increasing concentration of ZnSO4 in solution. The cementation reaction proceeds in the diffusion region and is of the first order with respect to the concentration of Cu(II) ions; the proportionality constant in the rate equation corresponds to the mass transfer coefficient.

Kinetics of the radical copolymerization of styrene and 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 2656-2665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Stejskal ◽  
Dagmar Straková ◽  
Ondřej Procházka ◽  
Pavel Kratochvíl
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Monomer Mixture ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Copolymerization Kinetics

Twenty low-conversion statistical copolymers of styrene and 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate with various composition were prepared. The dependence of the copolymer composition, molecular weight, initiation efficiency and other parameters on the composition of the monomer mixture is discussed. Kinetic data are correlated by means of various models of the copolymerization kinetics. The best fit with experimental data is provided by a diffusion-controlled termination model, especially its dyad variant suggested in this study.

Kinetics of Catalytic Dehydration of 1-Pentanol

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1874-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Vašutová ◽  
Milan Králik ◽  
Milan Hronec
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Alumina Catalyst ◽  
Direct Formation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Kinetic data of 1-pentanol dehydration on γ-alumina catalyst modified by potassium hydroxide were obtained using a continuous reactor with an internal recirculation. The conversion of 1-pentanol on this catalyst in the temperature range 300 - 390 °C and space velocity 1 - 8 kg (h kg)-1 (molar fraction of water in the feed was in the range 0 - 0.56) was 50 - 98% and the selectivity with respect to 1-pentene was 50 - 84%. The following six reactions have been taken into account to describe the catalytic dehydration of 1-pantanol: direct formation of 1-pentene from 1-pentanol, formation of bis(1-pentyl) ether from 1-pentanol, disproportionation of the ether to 1-pentanol and 1-pentene, formation of 1-pentene from the ether, isomerization of 1-pentene to 2-pentene and hydrolysis of the ether to 1-pentanol. Treatment of experimental data by Langmuir-Hinshelwood models showed that the model involving adsorption of 1-pentanol accompanied by dissociation is the most suitable one.

Kinetics of the base-catalysed aldol condensation of acetaldehyde

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 953 ◽  
Author(s):  
LC Gruen ◽  
PT McTigue
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Aldol Condensation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Previously unreported complications have been observed in the base-catalysed condensation of acetaldehyde in water. New experimental data are presented which firmly establish a reaction mechanism.

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