Kinetic of the reaction between the solid sodium carbonate and the gaseous sulphur dioxide. III. Study in an integral fixed-bed reactor

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1628-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bareš ◽  
J. Mareček ◽  
K. Mocek ◽  
E. Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor

Reactivity of the solid sodium carbonate towards the gaseous hydrogen chloride and the sulphur dioxide

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 3500-3507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Erich Lippert ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate ◽  
A Value ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Inactive Form

The rate of reaction of the anhydrous sodium carbonate with the hydrogen chloride and its mixture with sulphur dioxide was measured in an integral fixed-bed reactor. Reactivity of the active sodium carbonate towards the hydrogen chloride is lower as compared with its reactivity towards the sulphur dioxide. A relationship was found between the reactivity of the solid and the way of its preparation. The inactive form of the sodium carbonate is inactive towards both the sulphur dioxide and the hydrogen chloride. The active form of the sodium carbonate exhibits towards the hydrogen chloride a reactivity which is by orders of magnitude higher than that of the inactive form. The variation of the ratio of partial pressures of the hydrogen chloride and the sulphur dioxide in the reaction with the sodium carbonate does not affect significantly the total degree of the solid conversion, which attained a value of 65% in laboratory experiments. The degree of gas purification from the acid components did not fall under a value of 99% up to a solid conversion of about 50% at a mean gas contact time of about 10-2 s.

Contribution to the study of the reaction between solid sodium carbonate and gaseous sulphur dioxide

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2281-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Vobiš ◽  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Effective Rate Constant ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
True Rate ◽  
Partial Pressures

The heterogeneous reaction between solid sodium carbonate and gaseous sulphur dioxide of partial pressures from 1.2 to 7.5 kPa has been investigated in a fixed-bed reactor at temperatures of 54 and 81 °C in the presence of water vapour of partial pressures from 0.30 to 1.25 kPa. An independence of the reaction course of the sulphur dioxide content in the gas phase and a linear dependence of the reaction rate on the partial pressure of water vapour were found under the above conditions. The rate equation derived previously has been simplified and the set of differential equations describing the reaction in a fixed bed has been solved. The relations obtained have been applied to an evaluation of the effective rate constant. The true rate constant has been estimated to be independent of temperature.

Reaction of Hydrogen Chloride Gas with Sodium Carbonate and Its Deep Removal in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (49) ◽  
pp. 19145-19158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Hartman ◽  
Karel Svoboda ◽  
Michael Pohořelý ◽  
Michal Šyc ◽  
Siarhei Skoblia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor

Synthesis and Modification of Zeolite ZSM-5 Catalyst with Solutions of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) and Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) for Methanol to Gasoline Conversion

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Kianfar ◽  
Mahmoud Salimi ◽  
Vahid Pirouzfar ◽  
Behnam Koohestani
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Base Catalyst ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Methanol To Gasoline ◽  
Molar Solution ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract In this article, the ZSM-5 catalyst was used as the base catalyst and its structure was modified for conducting Methanol to Gasoline reactions. ZSM-5 catalyst reacts to the solutions with diverse concentrations of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and consequently, some changes were applied to its internal structure. Thus, Methanol to Gasoline (MTG) process was carried out under pressure of 1 atm, the temperature of 400°C, and specific surface area of 300 m2g-1 on synthetic zeolite ZSM-5 catalyst by a fixed-bed reactor. Structure and morphology of the synthesized catalyst were investigated by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, XRF and BET analyses. The effect of CaCO3 and Na2CO3 solutions used for catalyst modification on the distribution of hydrocarbon products were studied and compared to ZSM-5 catalyst. The result of catalyst activity evaluation tests shows that the modified catalyst with a 0.1 molar solution of CaCO3 and Na2CO3 provides the highest selectivity and efficiency compared to the hydrocarbons in boiling point range of C6+ gasoline.

Role of filter media in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Miyahara ◽  
M. Takano ◽  
T. Noike
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Attached Bacteria ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the filter media and the behaviour of anaerobic bacteria was studied using anaerobic fixed-bed reactors. At an HRT of 48 hours, the number of suspended acidogenic bacteria was higher than those attached to the filter media. On the other hand, the number of attached methanogenic bacteria was more than ten times as higher than that of suspended ones. The numbers of suspended and deposited acidogenic and methanogenic bacteria in the reactor operated at an HRT of 3 hours were almost the same as those in the reactor operated at an HRT of 48 hours. Accumulation of attached bacteria was promoted by decreasing the HRT of the reactor. The number of acidogenic bacteria in the reactor packed sparsely with the filter media was higher than that in the closely packed reactor. The number of methanogenic bacteria in the sparsely packed reactor was lower than that in the closely packed reactor.

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