scholarly journals Prospective study of oral teicoplanin versus oral vancomycin for therapy of pseudomembranous colitis and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2192-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
F de Lalla ◽  
R Nicolin ◽  
E Rinaldi ◽  
P Scarpellini ◽  
R Rigoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea

Clostridium difficile—Associated Diarrhea, an Emerging Epidemic: Therapeutic Options

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Infectious Diarrhea ◽  
First Line ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents ◽  
Oral Metronidazole

Clostridum difficile—associated disease (CDAD) is the leading cause of infectious diarrhea and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The incidence is estimated to range from 3.4 to 8.4 cases per 1000 hospital admissions, and it has become a growing problem at many institutions. Treatment options for CDAD are limited due to a paucity of new pharmacologic agents and studies examining other potential treatments. Historically oral metronidazole and oral vancomycin have been used as first-line agents in the treating CDAD, however recent reports of treatment failure and recurrence with these agents have surfaced. These reports illustrate a need for novel pharmacologic agents and a thorough review of currently available agents that may have activity against C difficile. Available data on the treatment of CDAD were extracted and reviewed to outline the appropriate management of CDAD.

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole-Associated Pseudomembranous Colitis

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
Stool Cultures

A case of TMP/SMX-associated pseudomembranous colitis is described in a patient being treated for a urinary tract infection. Pseudomembranes are visualized on proctosigmoidoscopy, and stool cultures identified Clostridium difficile as the causative organism. The patient was treated successfully with oral vancomycin. A review of this infrequently reported adverse reaction to TMP/SMX is presented, emphasizing etiology and treatment.

scholarly journals Fidaxomicin Compared With Oral Vancomycin for the Treatment of Severe Clostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea: A Retrospective Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-272
Author(s):  
Bryant B. Summers ◽  
Mary Yates ◽  
Kerry O. Cleveland ◽  
Michael S. Gelfand ◽  
Justin Usery
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Time To Recurrence ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea

Purpose: The most recent published guidelines on Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea (CDAD) developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) were released in 2017 and outline its treatment based on severity of the disease and recurrence; however, a clear first-line agent has not been recommended specifically for severe CDAD. Methods: This retrospective chart review was approved by the institutional review board and consisted of three community hospitals and one academic medical center. To be included, patients need to meet criteria for severe CDAD and receive at least 72 hours of therapy. Patients received either oral vancomycin or fidaxomicin, in addition to other therapies for CDAD, and differences in outcomes such as cost obtained from a common charge center, rates of recurrence, time to recurrence as measured at time of positive to negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, and mortality were assessed. Results: Of the 147 patients, 74 patients received fidaxomicin and 73 patients received oral vancomycin. The average hospitalization cost for patients receiving fidaxomicin was $129,338.69 and for patients receiving vancomycin was $153,563.81 ( P = .26). Recurrence rates were lower with fidaxomicin compared with vancomycin (6.8% vs 17.6%; P = .047), and time to recurrence was longer with fidaxomicin versus vancomycin, but not statistically significant (96.8 ± 45.9 days vs 63.2 ± 66.9 days; P = .321). Mortality, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and overall length of stay were similar between the two therapies. Conclusions: In the treatment of severe CDAD, recurrence rates were lower and time to recurrence was higher with fidaxomicin compared with oral vancomycin. A clear financial benefit has yet to translate from these known findings.

The Role of Vancomycin and Metronidazole for the Treatment of Clostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serina B. Tart
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Health Care Epidemiology

For the treatment of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea (CDAD), metronidazole and vancomycin remain the most commonly used agents. The major advantage of metronidazole is its low cost, while the advantage of oral vancomycin is a more favorable pharmacokinetic profile. The epidemiology and clinical severity of CDAD have changed due to the emergence of a hypervirulent strain (BI/NAP1/027). In 2010, the Infectious Diseases Society of America/Society for Health Care Epidemiology of America expert panel defined severe CDAD and recommended oral vancomycin to treat these patients. Metronidazole remains the preferred agent for treatment of mild to moderate CDAD.

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