scholarly journals Long-range, selective, on-demand suspension interactions: Combining and triggering soluto-inertial beacons

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. eaax1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirudha Banerjee ◽  
Todd M. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Particle Migration ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Solute Fluxes ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Si Effect ◽  
Migration Velocities ◽  
Particle Delivery

Structures and particles that slowly release solute into solution can attract or repel other particles in suspension via diffusiophoresis, a process we termed “soluto-inertial (SI) interactions.” These SI interactions involve “beacons” that establish and sustain nonequilibrium solute fluxes over long durations. Here, we demonstrate the versatility of the SI concept and introduce distinct strategies to manipulate solute gradients and, hence, suspension behavior using beacons with different physicochemical properties. First, we demonstrate on-demand particle migration using beacons that can be actuated with a trigger. We then show the synergy between multiple, distinct beacons that modify solute fluxes in a way that allows directed, yet selective, colloidal migration to specific target sites. Moreover, this multibeacon harmony enhances migration velocities, and delays the equilibration of the SI effect. The different SI techniques highlighted here suggest previously unidentified possibilities for sorting and separating colloidal mixtures, targeting particle delivery, and enhancing rates of suspension flocculation.

scholarly journals SSFinder: High Throughput CRISPR-Cas Target Sites Prediction Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Upadhyay ◽  
Shailesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Operating Systems ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
High Throughput Detection ◽  
User Friendly

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system facilitates targeted genome editing in organisms. Despite high demand of this system, finding a reliable tool for the determination of specific target sites in large genomic data remained challenging. Here, we report SSFinder, a python script to perform high throughput detection of specific target sites in large nucleotide datasets. The SSFinder is a user-friendly tool, compatible with Windows, Mac OS, and Linux operating systems, and freely available online.

scholarly journals Demonstration of Conjugative Transposon (Tn5397)-Mediated Horizontal Gene Transfer between Clostridium difficile and Enterococcus faecalis

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 4924-4926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmiza S. Jasni ◽  
Peter Mullany ◽  
Haitham Hussain ◽  
Adam P. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Conjugative Transposon ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Ribotype 027 ◽  
Target Sites

ABSTRACT Antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium difficile are responsible for nosocomial infections in humans, in which they inhabit the same niche. Here, we demonstrate transfer of the conjugative transposon Tn5397 from C. difficile 630 to E. faecalis JH2-2, the first reported gene transfer between these two bacteria. Furthermore, transfer from the E. faecalis EF20A transconjugant to the epidemic ribotype 027 C. difficile strain R20291 was also demonstrated. Tn5397 was shown to use a single specific target site in E. faecalis; it also has specific target sites in C. difficile. These experiments highlight the importance of continual monitoring for emerging resistances in these bacteria.

Front Cover: Redirection of miRNA‐Argonaute Complexes to Specific Target Sites by Synthetic Adaptor Molecules (C&B 7/2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Bolz ◽  
Laura Thomas ◽  
Ute Scheffer ◽  
Elisabeth Kalden ◽  
Roland K. Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Front Cover ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Target Sites

scholarly journals The FLP recombinase of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 microns plasmid attaches covalently to DNA via a phosphotyrosyl linkage.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3274-3279 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Gronostajski ◽  
P D Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Flp Recombinase ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Dna Strands ◽  
2 Micron Plasmid ◽  
Dna Strand

The FLP recombinase, encoded by the 2 micron plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, promotes efficient recombination in vivo and in vitro between its specific target sites (FLP sites). It was previously determined that FLP interacts with DNA sequences within its target site (B. J. Andrews, G. A. Proteau, L. G. Beatty, and P. D. Sadowski. Cell 40:795-803, 1985), generates a single-stranded break on both DNA strands within the FLP site, and remains covalently attached to the 3' end of each break. We now show that the FLP protein is bound to the 3' side of each break by an O-phosphotyrosyl residue and that it appears that the same tyrosyl residue(s) is used to attach to either DNA strand within the FLP site.

scholarly journals FLP-mediated DNA mobilization to specific target sites in Drosophila chromosomes

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 3665-3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Golic ◽  
Y. S. Rong ◽  
R. B. Petersen ◽  
S. L. Lindquist ◽  
K. G. Golic
Keyword(s):  
Specific Target ◽  
Target Sites

scholarly journals Homotopy Phases of FQHE with Long-Range Quantum Entanglement in Monolayer and Bilayer Hall Systems

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Janusz Jacak
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Electron Tunneling ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Composite Nanomaterials ◽  
Topological Phases ◽  
Electron Systems ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Planar Electron ◽  
Topological Character

Correlated phases in Hall systems have topological character. Multilayer configurations of planar electron systems create the opportunity to change topological phases on demand using macroscopic factors, such as vertical voltage. We present an analysis of such phenomena in close relation to recent experiments with multilayer Hall setups including GaAs and graphene multi-layers. The consequences of the blocking or not of the inter-layer electron tunneling in stacked Hall configurations are analyzed and presented in detail. Multilayer Hall systems are thus tunable topological composite nanomaterials, in the case of graphene-stacked systems by both intra- and inter-layer voltage.

The FLP recombinase of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 microns plasmid attaches covalently to DNA via a phosphotyrosyl linkage

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3274-3279
Author(s):  
R M Gronostajski ◽  
P D Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Flp Recombinase ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Dna Strands ◽  
2 Micron Plasmid ◽  
Dna Strand

The FLP recombinase, encoded by the 2 micron plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, promotes efficient recombination in vivo and in vitro between its specific target sites (FLP sites). It was previously determined that FLP interacts with DNA sequences within its target site (B. J. Andrews, G. A. Proteau, L. G. Beatty, and P. D. Sadowski. Cell 40:795-803, 1985), generates a single-stranded break on both DNA strands within the FLP site, and remains covalently attached to the 3' end of each break. We now show that the FLP protein is bound to the 3' side of each break by an O-phosphotyrosyl residue and that it appears that the same tyrosyl residue(s) is used to attach to either DNA strand within the FLP site.

scholarly journals Addressing the importance of microplastic particles as vectors for long-range transport of chemical contaminants: perspective in relation to prioritizing research and regulatory actions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Gouin
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Atmospheric Particulates ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Global Transport ◽  
Range Transport

AbstractOver the last several years there has been increasing concern regarding the environmental fate and potential global transport of plastic debris, particularly in the form of microplastic particles (MPs). The global transport of MPs has also triggered concerns regarding the potential role that its mobility may represent towards influencing the long-range environmental transport (LRET) of particle-bound chemicals, particularly the large number of chemicals known to be added to plastic. This perspective considers the various lines-of-evidence that might be used towards understanding the LRET of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). For instance, it has been proposed that the LRET of POPs is facilitated by global fractionation processes that facilitate the mobility of chemicals from source regions towards remote locations, such as the polar regions, where they have the potential to accumulate. These processes are influenced by the physicochemical properties of POPs and can result in various transport mechanisms influencing environmental fate and transport. Here I suggest that there are similarities that can be drawn, whereby knowledge of how differences in the physicochemical properties of MPs relative to different emission scenarios, can influence the relative importance of sequestration processes that may result in global fractionation of MPs. Several challenges are identified throughout the perspective, with an urgent need towards the development and application of standard sampling and analytical methods being identified as critical for enabling datasets to be reliably compared for use in better understanding potential source-receptor relationships, as well as advancing the characterization and quantification of various environmental fate processes. In many instances, it is suggested that advances in our understanding can be facilitated based on knowledge obtained in other areas of research, such as in relation to studies developing tools to evaluate the mobility of particulate organic matter in aqueous environments or from studies investigating the fate and mobility of atmospheric particulates. Recognizing that not all MPs are equal, with respect to environmental fate and toxicological effects, knowledge regarding which types of MPs are likely to be subject to LRET can only strengthen our ability to evaluate their role as vectors of transport for plastic associated chemicals and the associated risks that their LRET may represent. Nevertheless, several outstanding issues remain that would benefit from constructive discussions between all stakeholders. It is anticipated that this perspective can play a role in initiating those discussions.

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