Prediction of Human Drug-Drug Interactions from Time-Dependent Inactivation of CYP3A4 in Primary Hepatocytes Using a Population-Based Simulator

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2330-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilly Xu ◽  
Yuping Chen ◽  
Yvonne Pan ◽  
Gary L. Skiles ◽  
Magang Shou
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Dependent Inactivation

scholarly journals Statin for Tuberculosis and Pneumonia in Patients with Asthma–Chronic Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome: A Time-Dependent Population-Based Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jun Yeh ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Chung-Y. Hsu ◽  
Zonyin Shae ◽  
Chia-Hung Kao
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Steroids ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance ◽  
Study Participants

We investigated the effects of statins on tuberculosis (TB) and pneumonia risks in asthma–chronic pulmonary disease overlap syndrome (ACOS) patients. We extracted data of patients diagnosed as having ACOS during 2000–2010 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and divided them into statin users and nonusers. All study participants were followed up from the index date until death, withdrawal from insurance, or TB and pneumonia occurred (31 December 2011). The cumulative TB and pneumonia incidence was analyzed using Cox proportional regression analysis with time-dependent variables. After adjustments for multiple confounding factors including age, sex, comorbidities, and use of medications [statins, inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), or oral steroids (OSs)], statin use was associated with significantly lower TB [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34–0.70] and pneumonia (aHR 0.52, 95% CI 0.41–0.65) risks. Moreover, aHRs (95% CIs) for statins combined with ICSs and OSs were respectively 0.60 (0.31–1.16) and 0.58 (0.40–0.85) for TB and 0.61 (0.39–0.95) and 0.57 (0.45–0.74) for pneumonia. Thus, statin users had lower TB and pneumonia risks than did nonusers, regardless of age, sex, comorbidities, and ICS or OS use. Pneumonia risk was lower among users of statins combined with ICSs or Oss and TB risk was lower among the users of statins combined with OSs.

scholarly journals Suicide rates among patients subject to community treatment orders in England during 2009–2018

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle M. Hunt ◽  
Roger T. Webb ◽  
Pauline Turnbull ◽  
Jane Graney ◽  
Saied Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Community Treatment Orders ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Discharged Patients

Background Community treatment orders (CTOs) enable patients to be treated in the community rather than under detention in hospital. Population-based studies of suicide among patients subject to a CTO are scarce. Aims To compare suicide rates among patients subject to a CTO with all discharged psychiatric patients and those detained for treatment but not subject to a CTO at discharge (‘CTO-eligible’ patients). Method From a national case series of patients who died by suicide within 12 months of contact with mental health services in England during 2009–2018, we estimated average annual suicide rates for all discharged patients, those on a CTO at the time of suicide, those ever treated under a CTO and CTO-eligible patients. Results Suicide rates for patients on a CTO at the time of suicide (191.3 per 100 000 patients) were lower than all discharged patients (482.3 per 100 000 discharges). Suicide rates were similar in those ever treated under a CTO (350.1 per 100 000 CTOs issued) and in CTO-eligible patients (382.9 per 100 000 discharges). Suicide rates within 12 months of discharge were higher in persons ever under a CTO (205.1 per 100 000 CTOs issued) than CTO-eligible patients (161.5 per 100 000 discharges), but this difference was reversed for rates after 12 months of discharge (153.2 per 100 000 CTOs issued v. 223.4 per 100 000 discharges). Conclusions CTOs may be effective in reducing suicide risk. The relative benefits of CTOs and intensive aftercare may be time-dependent, with the benefit of a CTO being less before 12 months after discharge but greater thereafter. CTO utilisation requires a careful balancing of patient safety versus autonomy.

Differential Time-Dependent Inactivation of P450 3A4 and P450 3A5 by Raloxifene: A Key Role for C239 in Quenching Reactive Intermediates

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1778-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh T. Pearson ◽  
Jan L. Wahlstrom ◽  
Leslie J. Dickmann ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
James R. Halpert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Intermediates ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dependent Inactivation

Factors associated with potentially harmful drug-drug interactions in older Korean people: A population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1378-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Joon Yoon ◽  
Jong-Sung Kim ◽  
Jin-Gyu Jung ◽  
Soon-Ki Ahn ◽  
Young-Su Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Korean People
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