Diel and seasonal patterns of underwater sounds by Weddell seals, leopard seals, and killer whales in the Antarctic: When it’s adaptive to be quiet

2005 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 1938-1938
Author(s):  
Debrah Mindach ◽  
Jeanette Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
The Antarctic

High-Frequency Modulated Signals Recorded Off the Antarctic Peninsula Area: Are Killer Whales Emitting Them?

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
M. V. Reyes Reyes ◽  
S. Baumann-Pickering ◽  
A. Simonis ◽  
M. L. Melcón ◽  
J. Trickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Modulated Signals ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus intermedius Group Isolates Associated with Animals from Antarctica and Emended Description of Staphylococcus delphini

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Vrbovská ◽  
Ivo Sedláček ◽  
Michal Zeman ◽  
Pavel Švec ◽  
Vojtěch Kovařovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Protein Distribution ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Polymerase Beta ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
The Antarctic

Members of the genus Staphylococcus are widespread in nature and occupy a variety of niches, however, staphylococcal colonization of animals in the Antarctic environment has not been adequately studied. Here, we describe the first isolation and characterization of two Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) members, Staphylococcus delphini and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, in Antarctic wildlife. Staphylococcus delphini were found exclusively in Adélie penguins. The report of S. pseudintermedius from Weddell seals confirmed its occurrence in all families of the suborder Caniformia. Partial RNA polymerase beta-subunit (rpoB) gene sequencing, repetitive PCR fingerprinting with the (GTG)5 primer, and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry gave consistent identification results and proved to be suitable for identifying SIG members. Comparative genomics of S. delphini isolates revealed variable genomic elements, including new prophages, a novel phage-inducible chromosomal island, and numerous putative virulence factors. Surface and extracellular protein distribution were compared between genomes and showed strain-specific profiles. The pathogenic potential of S. delphini was enhanced by a novel type of exfoliative toxin, trypsin-like serine protease cluster, and enterotoxin C. Detailed analysis of phenotypic characteristics performed on six Antarctic isolates of S. delphini and eight reference strains from different animal sources enabled us to emend the species description of S. delphini.

Bird and mammal life recorded during the Antarctic drift of SY Aurora, 1915–16

Polar Record ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (159) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Emperor Penguins ◽  
Sea Birds ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Blue Whales

AbstractAfter landing the Ross Sea shore party of Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition at Cape Evans, McMurdo Sound, SY Aurora drifted for 313 days between May 1915 and March 1916 in the pack iceof the Ross Sea and Southern Ocean. During the drift A. H. Ninnis maintained observations of the fauna. He was out hunting on the pack ice on at least 86 days to augment the ship's slender provisions, taking 289 penguins, 10 other sea birds and 20 seals. He sighted whales on at least 15 days, including killer whales in July and August and four large whales, possibly blue whales, in November. He also noted birds returning south for the breeding season in spring, progress of moult in emperor penguins, pupping of crabeater and leopard seals, and food items of several seals and seabirds. Most of his report is presented here, edited to improve its readability and remove abbreviations; the text is preceded by a brief summary of the fauna seen and followed by footnotes on some of his observations.

Structure of foraging dives by Weddell seals at an offshore isolated hole in the Antarctic fast-ice environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 270-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee A. Fuiman ◽  
Kiersten M. Madden ◽  
Terrie M. Williams ◽  
Randall W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Fast Ice ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals In Memoriam

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse E. Purdy
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Garter Snakes ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
To Come

Jesse E. Purdy, a consummate comparative psychologist whose research started with laboratory rats but quickly expanded to include garter snakes, Weddell seals, cuttlefish, killer whales, coho salmon, and numerous more common species of fish, passed away on April 16, 2018, after a long and heroic battle with cancer. Purdy is survived by Karen, his wife of 45 years, and their two children, Kristopher and Matthew. He is also survived by his students and colleagues at Southwestern University who came to share his vision and enthusiasm for a life of inquiry and adventure and will continue to share that with their own students for decades to come.

Chlordane compounds residues in Weddell seals () from the Antarctic

Chemosphere ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide Kawano ◽  
Tsuyoshi Inoue ◽  
Hideo Hidaka ◽  
Ryo Tatsukawa
Keyword(s):  
Weddell Seals ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Antarctic killer whales make rapid, round-trip movements to subtropical waters: evidence for physiological maintenance migrations?

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Durban ◽  
R. L. Pitman
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Satellite Telemetry ◽  
Type B ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Antarctic Waters ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Physiological Constraint ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Prolonged Feeding

Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) are important predators in high latitudes, where their ecological impact is mediated through their movements. We used satellite telemetry to provide the first evidence of migration for killer whales, characterized by fast (more than 12 km h −1 , 6.5 knots) and direct movements away from Antarctic waters by six of 12 type B killer whales tagged when foraging near the Antarctic Peninsula, including all tags transmitting for more than three weeks. Tags on five of these whales revealed consistent movements to subtropical waters (30–37° S) off Uruguay and Brazil, in surface water temperatures ranging from −1.9°C to 24.2°C; one 109 day track documented a non-stop round trip of almost 9400 km (5075 nmi) in just 42 days. Although whales travelled slower in the warmest waters, there was no obvious interruption in swim speed or direction to indicate calving or prolonged feeding. Furthermore, these movements were aseasonal, initiating over 80 days between February and April; one whale returned to within 40 km of the tagging site at the onset of the austral winter in June. We suggest that these movements may represent periodic maintenance migrations, with warmer waters allowing skin regeneration without the high cost of heat loss: a physiological constraint that may also affect other whales.

scholarly journals Seasonal Occurrence of Sympatric Blue Whale Subspecies: the Chilean and Southeast Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whales With the Antarctic Blue Whale

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Truong ◽  
Tracey L. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Lower Latitude ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Austral Winter ◽  
Blue Whale ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Blue Whales

There are multiple blue whale acoustic populations found across the Southern Hemisphere. The different subspecies of blue whales feed in separate areas, but during their migration to lower-latitude breeding areas each year, Antarctic blue whales become sympatric with pygmy and Chilean blue whales. Few studies have compared the degree of this overlap of the Southern Hemisphere blue whale subspecies across ocean basins during their migration. Using up to 16 years of acoustic data, this study compares the broad seasonal presence of Antarctic blue whales, Chilean blue whales, and Southeast Indian Ocean (SEIO) pygmy blue whales across the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Antarctic blue whales were sympatric with the other two blue whale subspecies during the migrating season of every year. Despite this overlap, Chilean and pygmy blue whale detections peaked earlier during the austral autumn (April–May) while Antarctic blue whale detections peaked later during the austral winter (June). Chilean (Pacific Ocean) and SEIO (Indian Ocean) pygmy blue whales showed similar seasonal patterns in detections despite occurring in different ocean basins. Though we have shown that Antarctic blue whales have the potential to encounter other blue whale subspecies during the breeding season, these distinct groups have remained acoustically stable through time. Further understanding of where these whales migrate will enable a better insight as to how these subspecies continue to remain separate.

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