Medial Superior‐Olivary‐Unit Response Patterns to Monaural and Binaural Clicks

1964 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Moushegian ◽  
Allen Rupert ◽  
Milton A. Whitcomb
Keyword(s):  
Unit Response ◽  
Response Patterns

Quantitative analysis of unit response patterns in cat visual cortex

1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan E. Pfingst ◽  
Charles J. Bruce ◽  
Paul G. Shinkman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Unit Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Cat Visual Cortex

Joint and separate effects of estrogen and progesterone on responses of midbrain neurons to lordosis-controlling somatic stimuli in the female golden Syrian hamster

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1040-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Rose ◽  
S. L. Bieber
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Unit Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Golden Syrian Hamster ◽  
Midbrain Neurons ◽  
Hormone Administration ◽  
Significant Difference

Single midbrain neurons were examined for effects of ovarian hormone administration on responsiveness to an array of lordosis-controlling types of somatosensory stimuli in anesthetized, ovariectomized Syrian hamsters. Neuronal responses were recorded under four different hormonal treatment conditions: 1) estradiol benzoate (EB) followed by progesterone (P), 2) EB alone, 3) P alone, or 4) no hormone administration. Only the hamsters receiving both EB and P showed lordosis in a mating test immediately prior to preparation for recording. The joint administration of EB and P strongly facilitated unit responsiveness to lordosis-eliciting (e.g., lumbosacral tactile) forms of stimulation. The incidence of units showing sustained changes in firing of at least +/- 30% in response to these stimuli was highest in animals having received EB and P (69%) and lowest in those given P alone (37%), with the occurrence of responsive units significantly different across the four hormonal conditions. The magnitude of the median unit response to lordosis-trigger stimuli in hamsters given EB and P was significantly higher than unit responses in hamsters receiving either P alone or no hormone. Bilateral shoulders stimulation, a weak stimulus for lordosis elicitation, produced the most responses in units from animals given EB and P (42%) and the fewest in hamsters given EB alone (12%), with a significant difference in responsiveness across the hormonal conditions. The incidence of units responding exclusively to facial stimulation, which is strongly antagonistic to lordosis in behaving animals, was greatest in hamsters injected with P alone (22%) and least for cells from the animals given both EB and P (6%). The difference in unit responsiveness to this stimulus across the four hormone conditions was significant. Analysis of unit-response patterns by the multivariate technique of discriminant analysis revealed that neuronal responses to most stimuli, especially flanks, back, shoulders, and face, were differentially affected by the hormone treatments such that these response patterns could be used to identify the four hormonal conditions from which the neurons were sampled. In addition, the hormonal treatments were found to have influenced the incidence of accelerative or decelerative unit responses to somatic stimuli. Discriminant analysis of unit responses as a function of location of the cells within the midbrain showed that neurons in the tectum and central gray had response patterns highly distinguishable from each other as well as from those of cells in the central and ventromedial tegmental regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Response patterns in the Belgian health interview survey: web versus face-to-face mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Braekman ◽  
S Demarest ◽  
R Charafeddine ◽  
F Berete ◽  
S Drieskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Unit Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Interview Survey ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Potential is seen in web data collection for population health surveys due to a combination of its cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation and the increased internet penetration rates. Nonetheless, web modes may lead to lower and more selective unit response rates than traditional modes such as face-to-face (F2F) interviewing and hence may increase bias in the measured indicators. This research assesses the response patterns of a web versus F2F study. Methods A Belgian health interview survey by web (BHISWEB; net sample=1010) was organized parallel to the traditional F2F BHIS 2018 (BHIS2018; net sample=11611; subsample used in this study=2748). Socio-demographic data on invited individuals were obtained from the national register and census linkages. To address the high item-missingness on education level deriving from the census, multiple imputation (m = 20) was applied. Unit response rates considering the different sampling probabilities of both surveys were calculated. Logistic regression analyses examined the impact of mode (web vs. F2F) and interactions between mode and socio-demographic characteristics on unit response. Results The unit response rate was significantly lower in the BHISWEB (18.0% (95% CI: 17.0-19.1)) than in the BHIS2018 (43.1% (95% CI: 41.5-44.7)). A lower web versus F2F response rate was found among all socio-demographic groups, however, this lower web response was less pronounced among youngsters, people cohabiting with household members, higher educated people and native Belgians. Conclusions The F2F unit response rate was generally higher, yet for certain groups the difference between web versus F2F was smaller. It is therefore worthwhile to experiment with adaptive mixed-mode designs to optimize resources without increasing selection bias; e.g. only inviting socio-demographic groups more eager to participate online for web surveys (e.g. youngsters) while remaining to focus on increasing the F2F response rates for other groups. Key messages The advantages of web versus F2F interviewing come against its considerable lower unit response rate. Differences in unit non-response between web and F2F vary between socio-demographic groups.

Operant Conditioning of Single-Unit Response Patterns in Visual Cortex

Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 184 (4142) ◽  
pp. 1194-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Shinkman ◽  
C. J. Bruce ◽  
B. E. Pfingst
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Unit Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Single Unit Response

scholarly journals Muscle sympathetic single-unit response patterns during progressive muscle metaboreflex activation in young healthy adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 682-690
Author(s):  
Anthony V. Incognito ◽  
Massimo Nardone ◽  
André L. Teixeira ◽  
Jordan B. Lee ◽  
Muhammad M. Kathia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Unit Response ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Muscle Metaboreflex ◽  
Forearm Muscle ◽  
Single Unit Response

Muscle sympathetic single units respond differentially to sympathoexcitatory stress such that single units can increase firing to contribute to the sympathoexcitatory response or can be nonresponsive or even inhibited. We observed a subgroup of single units that can respond bidirectionally, being first inhibited before activated by progressive increases in forearm muscle metaboreflex activation. These results suggest convergent neural inputs (i.e., inhibitory and excitatory), which yield heterogenous muscle sympathetic single-unit activation thresholds.

Stimulus Ratio Effects on Speech Discrimination by Children and Adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan E. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Discrimination Accuracy ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Adults And Children

This investigation examined the response strategies and discrimination accuracy of adults and children aged 5–10 as the ratio of same to different trials was varied across three conditions of a “change/no-change” discrimination task. The conditions varied as follows: (a) a ratio of one-third same to two-thirds different trials (33% same), (b) an equal ratio of same to different trials (50% same), and (c) a ratio of two-thirds same to one-third different trials (67% same). Stimuli were synthetic consonant-vowel syllables that changed along a place of articulation dimension by formant frequency transition. Results showed that all subjects changed their response strategies depending on the ratio of same-to-different trials. The most lax response pattern was observed for the 50% same condition, and the most conservative pattern was observed for the 67% same condition. Adult response patterns were most conservative across condition. Differences in discrimination accuracy as measured by P(C) were found, with the largest difference in the 5- to 6-year-old group and the smallest change in the adult group. These findings suggest that children’s response strategies, like those of adults, can be manipulated by changing the ratio of same-to-different trials. Furthermore, interpretation of sensitivity measures must be referenced to task variables such as the ratio of same-to-different trials.

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