Commissioning and quality assurance of an optically guided three-dimensional ultrasound target localization system for radiotherapy

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1781-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang A. Tomé ◽  
Sanford L. Meeks ◽  
Nigel P. Orton ◽  
Lionel G. Bouchet ◽  
Francis J. Bova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Localization System

scholarly journals Observability Study on Passive Target Localization by Conic–Angle Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6439
Author(s):  
Taeil Suh ◽  
Woochan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Linear Array ◽  
Information Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Localization System ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Target States ◽  
System Observability

Information from a passive linear array sensor is related to the conic angle formed by a target and the sensor in three-dimensional (3D) space so that the target localization system using the sensor should be also designed in 3D space. This paper presents an observability study of a passive target localization system created using conic angle information. The study includes the analysis of the sensor maneuver requirement needed to achieve system observability and simulations to demonstrate the results of the analytic scheme. The proposed sensor maneuver requirements satisfy the system observability conditions by using the local linearization approach of the Fisher information matrix. It is also shown that this requirement can be mitigated for special cases in which the depth difference between the sensor and the target is given. Using the simulation, it is shown that sensors following the proposed scheme are able to obtain meaningful information that can be used to estimate 3D target states.

scholarly journals High-Accuracy Recognition and Localization of Moving Targets in an Indoor Environment Using Binocular Stereo Vision

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Jing Ding ◽  
Zhigang Yan ◽  
Xuchen We
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Stereo Matching ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Parallel Structure ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Moving Targets ◽  
Binocular Stereo Vision ◽  
Binocular Stereo

To obtain effective indoor moving target localization, a reliable and stable moving target localization method based on binocular stereo vision is proposed in this paper. A moving target recognition extraction algorithm, which integrates displacement pyramid Horn–Schunck (HS) optical flow, Delaunay triangulation and Otsu threshold segmentation, is presented to separate a moving target from a complex background, called the Otsu Delaunay HS (O-DHS) method. Additionally, a stereo matching algorithm based on deep matching and stereo vision is presented to obtain dense stereo matching points pairs, called stereo deep matching (S-DM). The stereo matching point pairs of the moving target were extracted with the moving target area and stereo deep matching point pairs, then the three dimensional coordinates of the points in the moving target area were reconstructed according to the principle of binocular vision’s parallel structure. Finally, the moving target was located by the centroid method. The experimental results showed that this method can better resist image noise and repeated texture, can effectively detect and separate moving targets, and can match stereo image points in repeated textured areas more accurately and stability. This method can effectively improve the effectiveness, accuracy and robustness of three-dimensional moving target coordinates.

Target localization in the three-dimensional space by wavelength multiplexing

2002 ◽  
Vol 202 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Esteve-Taboada ◽  
Philippe Réfrégier ◽  
Javier Garcı́a ◽  
Carlos Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Wavelength Multiplexing ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

scholarly journals AOA-Based Three-Dimensional Multi-Target Localization in Industrial WSNs for LOS Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Zhang ◽  
Jiawei Liu ◽  
Xiaojiang Du ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Mohsen Guizani
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Spread Spectrum ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Transmission Scheme ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Estimation Errors

High-precision and fast relative positioning of a large number of mobile sensor nodes (MSNs) is crucial for smart industrial wireless sensor networks (SIWSNs). However, positioning multiple targets simultaneously in three-dimensional (3D) space has been less explored. In this paper, we propose a new approach, called Angle-of-Arrival (AOA) based Three-dimensional Multi-target Localization (ATML). The approach utilizes two anchor nodes (ANs) with antenna arrays to receive the spread spectrum signals broadcast by MSNs. We design a multi-target single-input-multiple-output (MT-SIMO) signal transmission scheme and a simple iterative maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to estimate the 2D AOAs of multiple MSNs simultaneously. We further adopt the skew line theorem of 3D geometry to mitigate the AOA estimation errors in determining locations. We have conducted extensive simulations and also developed a testbed of the proposed ATML. The numerical and field experiment results have verified that the proposed ATML can locate multiple MSNs simultaneously with high accuracy and efficiency by exploiting the spread spectrum gain and antenna array gain. The ATML scheme does not require extra hardware or synchronization among nodes, and has good capability in mitigating interference and multipath effect in complicated industrial environments.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional printer-generated patient-specific phantom for artificial in vivo dosimetry in radiotherapy quality assurance

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kamomae ◽  
Hidetoshi Shimizu ◽  
Takayoshi Nakaya ◽  
Kuniyasu Okudaira ◽  
Takahiro Aoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vivo Dosimetry ◽  
Patient Specific
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