Versatile all-digital time interval measuring system

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vyhlidal ◽  
Miroslav Cech
Keyword(s):  
Measuring System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Digital Time

Measurement of total respiratory impedance in infants by the forced oscillation technique

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 770-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Desager ◽  
W. Buhr ◽  
M. Willemen ◽  
H. P. van Bever ◽  
W. de Backer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Oscillation ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Forced Oscillation Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bias Flow ◽  
Sinusoidal Oscillations ◽  
Ventilatory Lung Function

The forced oscillation technique according to Landser et al. (J. Appl. Physiol. 41:101–106, 1976) was modified for use in infants. Adaptations, including a flexible tube to connect the infant to the measuring system and a bias flow to avoid rebreathing, did not influence impedance values. The linearity of the respiratory system was assessed and confirmed by 1) applying pseudo-random noise oscillations at three different amplitudes to 7 infants and 2) comparing in 12 infants impedance values obtained with pseudo-random noise and with sinusoidal oscillations at 12 and 32 Hz. Intersubject variability, averaged for all frequencies, was 6%. In 17 infants the relative error (+/- SD) between two series of five measurements within a time interval of 15 min was 0.5 +/- 5.7%. No statistically significant difference was found between impedance values before and after repositioning of the infant's head, whereas rotation resulted in a decrease in resistance and no effect on reactance. Our results indicate that the infant-adapted forced pseudo-random noise oscillation technique has the potential to give valuable information about ventilatory lung function in infants.

A high-resolution digital time-interval measurement instrument

Measurement ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Mirri ◽  
Gaetano Pasini ◽  
Gaetano Iuculano ◽  
Fabio Filicori ◽  
Gabriella Pellegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Interval Measurement ◽  
Time Interval Measurement ◽  
Digital Time

System Implications of the Ambulance Arrival-to-Patient Contact Interval on Response Interval Compliance

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack P. Campbell ◽  
Matthew C. Gratton ◽  
Joseph A. Salomone ◽  
Daniel J. Lindholm ◽  
William A. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Chi Square

AbstractBackground:Background: In some emergency medical services (EMS) system designs, response time intervals are mandated with monetary penalties for noncompliance. These times are set with the goal of providing rapid, definitive patient care. The time interval of vehicle at scene-to-patient access (VSPA) has been measured, but its effect on response time interval compliance has not been determined.Purpose:To determine the effect of the VSPA interval on the mandated code 1 (<9 min) and code 2 (<13 min) response time interval compliance in an urban, public-utility model system.Methods:A prospective, observational study used independent third-party riders to collect the VSPA interval for emergency life-threatening (code 1) and emergency nonlife-threatening (code 2) calls. The VSPA interval was added to the 9-1-1 call-to-dispatch and vehicle dispatch-to-scene intervals to determine the total time interval from call received until paramedic access to the patient (9-1-1 call-to-patient access). Compliance with the man dated response time intervals was determined using the traditional time intervals (9-1-1 call-to-scene) plus the VSPA time intervals (9-1-1 call-to-patient access). Chi-square was used to determine statistical significance.Results:Of the 216 observed calls, 198 were matched to the traditional time intervals. Sixty three were code 1, and 135 were code 2. Of the code 1 calls, 90.5% were compliant using 9-1-1 call-to-scene intervals dropping to 63.5% using 9-1-1 call-to-patient access intervals (p<0.0005). Of the code 2 calls, 94.1% were compliant using 9-1-1 call-to-scene intervals. Compliance decreased to 83.7% using 9-1-1 call-to-patient access intervals (p = 0.012).Conclusion:The addition of the VSPA interval to the traditional time intervals impacts system response time compliance. Using 9-1-1 call-to-scene compliance as a basis for measuring system performance underestimates the time for the delivery of definitive care. This must be considered when response time interval compliances are defined.

Parametric estimates of statistical tests in digital time-interval measurements

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 774-776
Author(s):  
A. A. Os'minin ◽  
V. V. Khaustov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Digital Time

Influence of reagent lots and multiple measuring systems on estimating the coefficient of variation from quality control data; implications for uncertainty estimation and interpretation of QC results

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1829-1835
Author(s):  
Ashley D. Ellis ◽  
Alexander R. Gross ◽  
Jeffrey R. Budd ◽  
W. Greg Miller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Uncertainty Of Results ◽  
Abbott Architect ◽  
Estimate Uncertainty

AbstractBackgroundClinical laboratories use internal quality control (QC) data to calculate standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) to estimate uncertainty of results and to interpret QC results. We examined the influence of different instruments, and QC and reagent lots on the CV calculated from QC data.MethodsResults for BioRad Multiqual frozen liquid QC samples over a 2-year interval were partitioned by QC and reagent lots. The mean and CV were calculated for each partition for each of three Abbott Architect c8000 instruments for measuring serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), creatinine (enzymatic), glucose and sodium.ResultsCVs differed among partitions and instruments for two QC levels by 5.8- and 3.3-fold for ALT, by 4.7- and 2.1-fold for creatinine, by 2.0- and 2.6-fold for glucose, and by 2.1- and 2.0-fold for sodium. Pooled CVs for two QC levels varied among instruments by 1.78- and 1.11-fold for ALT, by 1.63- and 1.11-fold for creatinine, by 1.08- and 1.06-fold for glucose, and by 1.24- and 1.31-fold for sodium.ConclusionsThe CVs from QC data varied substantially among QC and reagent lots and for different identical specification instruments. The CV used to estimate uncertainty for a measurement result or as the basis for interpreting individual QC results must be derived over a sufficient time interval to obtain a pooled CV that represents “typical” performance of a measuring system. An estimate of uncertainty provided to users of laboratory results will itself have uncertainty that can influence medical decisions.

Rack for testing digital time-interval meters

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1371-1372
Author(s):  
V. V. Il'in
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Digital Time

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OP A SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MEASURING SYSTEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard Renger
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Automatic Instrument ◽  
Major Development ◽  
Shipping Traffic ◽  
Delivery Pipe ◽  
Measurement Location

A new method for continuously recording sediment concert - trations with high accuracy has been developed. It is proposed to apply the method for In-situ measurements in connection with investigations of tidal control and sediment transport induced by shipping traffic. The operating principle is as follows: at the measurement location, sedime~nt laden water is continuously sucked-in by means of a pump and is forced under pressure into a hydrocyclone ( solid bowl centrifuge ) through a delivery pipe of varying length. Here the extracted sediment flux (particle size *> 5 nm) is delivered by the shortest route to a settling tank and continuously weighed under water (wet-weighing). Following calculation and appropriate adjustment to the sample discharge ( Q ) the weight increase for selected time intervals ( AG (At)) yields the mean concentration for the time interval ( c (At)) in weight / unit volume ( mg/1 ) (direct measurement, calibration not required ). Details and experiences of the 3 major development stages will be described. A fully-automatic instrument for continuously measuring nonsteady sediment movement is now available. The instrument may be installed above as well as below water as desired.

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