Toward more efficient fabrication of high-density 2-D VCSEL arrays for spatial redundancy and/or multi-level signal communication

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Roscher ◽  
Philipp Gerlach ◽  
Faisal Nadeem Khan ◽  
Andrea Kroner ◽  
Martin Stach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Spatial Redundancy ◽  
Vcsel Arrays

Oxide-confined 2D VCSEL arrays for high-density inter/intra-chip interconnects

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger King ◽  
Rainer Michalzik ◽  
Christian Jung ◽  
Martin Grabherr ◽  
Franz Eberhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density ◽  
Vcsel Arrays

scholarly journals A Use of Form-Based Code for Volumetric Morphology of High-density Cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Zhang ◽  
Marc Aurel Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
High Density ◽  
Parametric Modelling ◽  
Sustainable Communities ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Regulation Method ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Experimental Use ◽  
Parametric Regulation

© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents the experimental use of Form-Based Code (FBC), an alternative approach to urban planning and regulation, for volumetric morphology towards more flexible and predictable development in high-density cities. Quantitative analysis of the Tsim Sha Tsui (TST) area of Hong Kong results in a workflow for using FBC in high-density contexts; combining transect matrix redefining, the integration of multiple variables, and parametric modelling. Findings indicate that a newly-defined transect matrix with multifarious types and subtypes enables the extension of the FBC study to encompass high-density conditions. Secondly, that FBC has the capacity for the assembly of multi-level regulations more suitable for volumetric urban forms. Thirdly, that the parametric regulation method of FBC can visualize and enumerate scenarios that conventional paper-based regulation cannot. The findings also suggest increasing the awareness of urban forms, rather than rigid land-use concerns, can be a critical influence when designers are pursuing sustainable communities within crowded contexts.

Effect of Word-Line Bias on Linearity of Multi-Level Conductance Steps for Multi-Layer Neural Networks Based on NAND Flash Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 4138-4142
Author(s):  
Sung-Tae Lee ◽  
Suhwan Lim ◽  
Nagyong Choi ◽  
Jong-Ho Bae ◽  
Dongseok Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
High Density ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Source Line ◽  
In Series ◽  
Multi Level

NAND flash memory which is mature technology has great advantage in high density and great storage capacity per chip because cells are connected in series between a bit-line and a source-line. Therefore, NAND flash cell can be used as a synaptic device which is very useful for a high-density synaptic array. In this paper, the effect of the word-line bias on the linearity of multi-level conductance steps of the NAND flash cell is investigated. A 3-layer perceptron network (784×200×10) is trained by a suitable weight update method for NAND flash memory using MNIST data set. The linearity of multi-level conductance steps is improved as the word line bias increases from Vth −0.5 to Vth +1 at a fixed bit-line bias of 0.2 V. As a result, the learning accuracy is improved as the word-line bias increases from Vth −0.5 to Vth+1.

scholarly journals Preparation of a Novel SERS Platform Based on Mantis Wing with High-Density and Multi-Level “Hot Spots”

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Mingli Wang ◽  
Guochao Shi ◽  
Junlin Zhu ◽  
Yanying Zhu ◽  
Xin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
High Density ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Rapid Sampling ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Molecule Recognition ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Apple Peels

The recent development of SERS substrates based on irregular nanostructures for directly molecule recognition has aroused increasing attention. By combining the irregular flake-like nanostructures of mantis wings, high SERS performance of Ag nanofilms, and the chemical stability of Au nanoparticles (NPs), an ultra-sensitive and flexible SERS substrate based on Au NPs functionalized Ag nanofilms-mantis wings (Au-Ag-M.w.) hybrid system is successfully fabricated. When 4-aminothiophenol is selected as the probe molecule, the limit of detection (LOD) is as low as 10−13 M and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is lower than 7.15%. This novel SERS platform exhibits high SERS performance in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility and practicability mainly because there are high-density and multi-level “hot spots” in the appropriate nanogaps. Meanwhile, it also systematically compares the differences of the SERS performance of Cu and Ag decorated M.w. hybrids and how these differences can alter their response. Moreover, the proposed substrate is employed to rapidly detect the pesticide residues on apple peels and the LOD for cypermethrin is estimated at 10−10 mg/mL. Therefore, this novel SERS substrate has great potential in rapid sampling of pesticide residues on real samples and expands the investigation to other natural materials for fabricating various SERS platforms.

High-density interconnects for two-dimensional VCSEL arrays suitable for mass scale production

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Gallo ◽  
James L. Hohman ◽  
Benjamin P. Ellerbusch ◽  
Robert J. Furmanak ◽  
L. M. Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Scale ◽  
High Density ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mass Scale Production ◽  
Vcsel Arrays
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