Design elements of binary joint transform correlation and selected optimization techniques

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Hahn, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Joint Transform Correlation

Improved road network design models with the consideration of various link patterns and road design elements

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Stückelberger ◽  
Hans Rudolf Heinimann ◽  
Woodam Chung
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Tree Algorithms ◽  
Steep Terrain

The success of an automatic road network layout over steep terrain mainly depends on the model design. Most previous models have used a grid representation that considers only eight adjacent cells when evaluating feasible road links. Here, we present improved models and alignment constraints mapped on a mathematical graph for better designs that are more applicable under field conditions. We have refined the link pattern by considering up to 48 neighbouring cells and have introduced 16 directional classes per grid cell. Optimization techniques, such as shortest path, minimum spanning tree, and Steiner minimum tree algorithms, are used on the graph to derive a road network that is optimal in terms of its construction costs. These improved models have been applied to different mountainous project areas. Our results show that, by considering various link patterns and alignment constraints, one can determine more appropriate and cost-effective locations for road networks, especially in steep terrain.

Review on the aerodynamics of intermediate compressor duct

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 7446-7468
Author(s):  
Manish Sharma ◽  
Beena D. Baloni
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Optimum Pressure ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Static Pressure Distribution ◽  
High Pressure Compressor ◽  
Pressure Compressor

In a turbofan engine, the air is brought from the low to the high-pressure compressor through an intermediate compressor duct. Weight and design space limitations impel to its design as an S-shaped. Despite it, the intermediate duct has to guide the flow carefully to the high-pressure compressor without disturbances and flow separations hence, flow analysis within the duct has been attractive to the researchers ever since its inception. Consequently, a number of researchers and experimentalists from the aerospace industry could not keep themselves away from this research. Further demand for increasing by-pass ratio will change the shape and weight of the duct that uplift encourages them to continue research in this field. Innumerable studies related to S-shaped duct have proven that its performance depends on many factors like curvature, upstream compressor’s vortices, swirl, insertion of struts, geometrical aspects, Mach number and many more. The application of flow control devices, wall shape optimization techniques, and integrated concepts lead a better system performance and shorten the duct length.  This review paper is an endeavor to encapsulate all the above aspects and finally, it can be concluded that the intermediate duct is a key component to keep the overall weight and specific fuel consumption low. The shape and curvature of the duct significantly affect the pressure distortion. The wall static pressure distribution along the inner wall significantly higher than that of the outer wall. Duct pressure loss enhances with the aggressive design of duct, incursion of struts, thick inlet boundary layer and higher swirl at the inlet. Thus, one should focus on research areas for better aerodynamic effects of the above parameters which give duct design with optimum pressure loss and non-uniformity within the duct.

Phase Lag of Tire Cornering Force

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hanada ◽  
T. Nagumo ◽  
T. Mashita
Keyword(s):  
Phase Lag ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Radial Location ◽  
Radial Stiffness ◽  
Design Factors

Abstract Automobile handling can be greatly improved by reducing the phase lag of tire cornering force behind imposed distortion. We have shown experimentally that this lag is related to in-plane stiffness of the belt and to radial, lateral, and circumferential stiffnesses of the sidewall. While the cornering stiffness is related to the belt rigidity, either can be changed without affecting the sidewall stiffnesses. The cornering stiffness, for example, is sensitive to design factors such as tread compound and tread pattern. The radial, lateral, and circumferential sidewall stiffnesses, however, are mutually perpendicular at a given point in a tire, so they cannot be changed independently of each other. In order to reduce the phase lag of the cornering force, the lateral and circumferential stiffnesses must be increased with a minimum increase in radial stiffness. This can be done by either lowering the radial location of the maximum section width of the inflated tire or by proper changes in material and/or design elements of the sidewall.

Application of Computational Mechanics to Tire Design—Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Computational Mechanics ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Crown Shape

Abstract The tire technology related with the computational mechanics is reviewed from the standpoint of yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Yesterday: A finite element method was developed in the 1950s as a tool of computational mechanics. In the tire manufacturers, finite element analysis (FEA) was started applying to a tire analysis in the beginning of 1970s and this was much earlier than the vehicle industry, electric industry, and others. The main reason was that construction and configurations of a tire were so complicated that analytical approach could not solve many problems related with tire mechanics. Since commercial software was not so popular in 1970s, in-house axisymmetric codes were developed for three kinds of application such as stress/strain, heat conduction, and modal analysis. Since FEA could make the stress/strain visible in a tire, the application area was mainly tire durability. Today: combining FEA with optimization techniques, the tire design procedure is drastically changed in side wall shape, tire crown shape, pitch variation, tire pattern, etc. So the computational mechanics becomes an indispensable tool for tire industry. Furthermore, an insight to improve tire performance is obtained from the optimized solution and the new technologies were created from the insight. Then, FEA is applied to various areas such as hydroplaning and snow traction based on the formulation of fluid–tire interaction. Since the computational mechanics enables us to see what we could not see, new tire patterns were developed by seeing the streamline in tire contact area and shear stress in snow in traction.Tomorrow: The computational mechanics will be applied in multidisciplinary areas and nano-scale areas to create new technologies. The environmental subjects will be more important such as rolling resistance, noise and wear.

The Principles of Layout and How Those Apply to Digital Electronic Book Publication

DeKaVe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Hendra Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Print Media ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Electronic Book ◽  
Electronic Books ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Media Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
Book Publication

When designing a layout, the designer must be aware of fundamental principles so as to make the design structured and consistent. When planning layout, a designer cannot be random and must consider essential factors, such as the media type, the readers, the design elements and so on. Electronic media, like web pages and electronic books, is a newer media than the print media, and is different in several aspects. Yet, the basic principles of the design are still identical. A solid layout is a great tool in communicating messages visually.

ANALISIS VISUAL PADA SAMPUL DEPAN MAJALAH DESAIN GRAFIS “CONCEPT” EDISI ULTAH PERDANA (Sebuah Kajian Semiotika)

DeKaVe ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prayanto WH
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Magazine Cover

Magazine is one of the forms of mass media that has fungsikomunikasi to convey information to mass audiences. The cover is an important element because it is through cover / cover one can guess the contents of the magazine, as well as further interested to know further information contained therein. On a magazine cover consists of drawings and writings are arranged in such a way that looks interesting and has meaning Press publications, especially magazines, today's not enough just to rely on the quality of news or manuscript, although verbal aspect is very important. It must be recognized that the visual aspects (design) as the cover / envelope has crucial role to capture the prospective reader. For the cover of a magazine is a window that shows the content information, can be either a text or photographs, illustrations, and design elements. The function of a magazine cover is to attract, dazzle prospective readers, by way influence the thoughts flow in a short time. So it's no wonder much current the magazine publisher who made the cover of such a way as to attract the attention of prospective readers. Thus the task of designers to magazine cover to create designs that attract the attention of the reader becomes increasingly severe. This study tries to analyze a visual on the front cover Magazine Graphic Design 'Concept' birthday inaugural edition by using the Roland Barthes' semiotic approach. As Roland Barthes (1984), any simple "design work (magazine cover)" continue to play in management of the sign. So that will generate a message (image) specific. Design cover, usually contains the elements of the sign in the form of objects, context of the environment, people or other beings who provide meaning to objects, and text (of writing) that reinforce the meaning.Keyword: cover, magazine Concept, semiotics

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