In Vivo and Ex Vivo characterization of a novel Er fiber laser system for fractional treatment of soft oral tissues

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenia V. Shatilova ◽  
Georgii A. Aloian ◽  
Ilya V. Yaroslavsky ◽  
Gregory B. Altshuler ◽  
Maria Karabut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Laser System

scholarly journals Consequences of SUR2[A478V] Mutation in Skeletal Muscle of Murine Model of Cantu Syndrome

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Rosa Scala ◽  
Fatima Maqoud ◽  
Nicola Zizzo ◽  
Giuseppe Passantino ◽  
Antonietta Mele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Katp Channel ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Channel Modulation ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Brevis ◽  
Inflammatory Edema ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Channel Currents

(1) Background: Cantu syndrome (CS) arises from gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes, which encode ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel subunits SUR2 and Kir6.1, respectively. Most CS patients have mutations in SUR2, the major component of skeletal muscle KATP, but the consequences of SUR2 GOF in skeletal muscle are unknown. (2) Methods: We performed in vivo and ex vivo characterization of skeletal muscle in heterozygous SUR2[A478V] (SUR2wt/AV) and homozygous SUR2[A478V] (SUR2AV/AV) CS mice. (3) Results: In SUR2wt/AV and SUR2AV/AV mice, forelimb strength and diaphragm amplitude movement were reduced; muscle echodensity was enhanced. KATP channel currents recorded in Flexor digitorum brevis fibers showed reduced MgATP-sensitivity in SUR2wt/AV, dramatically so in SUR2AV/AV mice; IC50 for MgATP inhibition of KATP currents were 1.9 ± 0.5 × 10−5 M in SUR2wt/AV and 8.6 ± 0.4 × 10−6 M in WT mice and was not measurable in SUR2AV/AV. A slight rightward shift of sensitivity to inhibition by glibenclamide was detected in SUR2AV/AV mice. Histopathological and qPCR analysis revealed atrophy of soleus and tibialis anterior muscles and up-regulation of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 mRNA in CS mice. (4) Conclusions: SUR2[A478V] “knock-in” mutation in mice impairs KATP channel modulation by MgATP, markedly so in SUR2AV/AV, with atrophy and non-inflammatory edema in different skeletal muscle phenotypes.

scholarly journals Characterization of Intrinsically Radiolabeled Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles for ex Vivo Autologous Cell Labeling and in Vivo Tracking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massis Krekorian ◽  
Gerwin G. W. Sandker ◽  
Kimberley R. G. Cortenbach ◽  
Oya Tagit ◽  
N. Koen van Riessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Labeling ◽  
Autologous Cell

About Puncture Testing Applied for Mechanical Characterization of Fetal Membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Bürzle ◽  
Edoardo Mazza ◽  
John J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Resistance To Deformation ◽  
Ex Vivo Testing ◽  
Insight Into

Puncture testing has been applied in several studies for the mechanical characterization of human fetal membrane (FM) tissue, and significant knowledge has been gained from these investigations. When comparing results of mechanical testing (puncture, inflation, and uniaxial tension), we have observed discrepancies in the rupture sequence of FM tissue and significant differences in the deformation behavior. This study was undertaken to clarify these discrepancies. Puncture experiments on FM samples were performed to reproduce previous findings, and numerical simulations were carried out to rationalize particular aspects of membrane failure. The results demonstrate that both rupture sequence and resistance to deformation depend on the samples' fixation. Soft fixation leads to slippage in the clamping, which reduces mechanical loading of the amnion layer and results in chorion rupturing first. Conversely, the stiffer, stronger, and less extensible amnion layer fails first if tight fixation is used. The results provide a novel insight into the interpretation of ex vivo testing as well as in vivo membrane rupture.

In vivo characterization of the transitional bronchioles by aerosol-derived airway morphometry

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 920-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirby L. Zeman ◽  
Gerhard Scheuch ◽  
Knut Sommerer ◽  
James S. Brown ◽  
William D. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Characteristic Line ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
In Vivo Characterization

Effective airway dimensions (EADs) were determined in vivo by aerosol-derived airway morphometry as a function of volumetric lung depth (VLD) to identify and characterize, noninvasively, the caliber of the transitional bronchiole region of the human lung and to compare the EADs by age, gender, and disease. By logarithmically plotting EAD vs. VLD, two distinct regions of the lung emerged that were identified by characteristic line slopes. The intersection of proximal and distal segments was defined as VLDtransand associated EADtrans. In our normal subjects ( n = 20), VLDtrans [345 ± 83 (SD) ml] correlated significantly with anatomic dead space (224 ± 34 ml) and end of phase II of single-breath nitrogen washout (360 ± 53 ml). The corresponding EADtranswas 0.42 ± 0.07 mm, in agreement with other ex vivo measurements of the transitional bronchioles. VLDtrans was smaller (216 ± 64 ml) and EADtrans was larger (0.83 ± 0.04 mm) in our patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( n = 13). VLDtrans increased with age for children (age 8–18 yr; P = 0.006, n = 26) and with total lung capacity for age 8–81 yr ( P < 0.001, n = 61). This study extends the usefulness of aerosol-derived airway morphometry to in vivo measurements of the transitional bronchioles.

scholarly journals Ex Vivo Isolation and Characterization of Cd4+Cd25+ T Cells with Regulatory Properties from Human Blood

2001 ◽  
Vol 193 (11) ◽  
pp. 1303-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Dieckmann ◽  
Heidi Plottner ◽  
Susanne Berchtold ◽  
Thomas Berger ◽  
Gerold Schuler
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Regulatory Properties

It has been known for years that rodents harbor a unique population of CD4+CD25+ “professional” regulatory/suppressor T cells that is crucial for the prevention of spontaneous autoimmune diseases. Here we demonstrate that CD4+CD25+CD45RO+ T cells (mean 6% of CD4+ T cells) are present in the blood of adult healthy volunteers. In contrast to previous reports, these CD4+CD25+ T cells do not constitute conventional memory cells but rather regulatory cells exhibiting properties identical to their rodent counterparts. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen (CTLA)-4 (CD152), for example, which is essential for the in vivo suppressive activity of CD4+CD25+ T cells, was constitutively expressed, and remained strongly upregulated after stimulation. The cells were nonproliferative to stimulation via their T cell receptor for antigen, but the anergic state was partially reversed by interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-15. Upon stimulation with allogeneic (but not syngeneic) mature dendritic cells or platebound anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 the CD4+CD25+ T cells released IL-10, and in coculture experiments suppressed the activation and proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Suppression proved IL-10 independent, yet contact dependent as in the mouse. The identification of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells has important implications for the study of tolerance in man, notably in the context of autoimmunity, transplantation, and cancer.

Introduction of a new laser-scalpel for partial kidney resection based on 1.94 micrometer fiber laser system: initial in vivo-data

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sönke Tedsen ◽  
Dirk Theisen-Kunde ◽  
Christian Doehn ◽  
Ingo Kausch ◽  
Dieter Jocham
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Partial Kidney Resection ◽  
Laser Scalpel ◽  
Kidney Resection

Ex vivo and in vivo characterization of cold preserved cartilage for cell transplantation

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wichaya Sriuttha ◽  
Nantawat Uttamo ◽  
Apisek Kongkaew ◽  
Jongkolnee Settakorn ◽  
Suchanan Rattanasalee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
In Vivo Characterization

scholarly journals Detection of the Strains Induced in Murine Tibias by Ex Vivo Uniaxial Loading with Different Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5109
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rizzuto ◽  
Barbara Peruzzi ◽  
Mariagrazia Giudice ◽  
Enrica Urciuoli ◽  
Erika Pittella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Uniaxial Loading ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Mean

In this paper, the characterization of the main techniques and transducers employed to measure local and global strains induced by uniaxial loading of murine tibiae is presented. Micro strain gauges and digital image correlation (DIC) were tested to measure local strains, while a moving coil motor-based length transducer was employed to measure relative global shortening. Local strain is the crucial parameter to be measured when dealing with bone cell mechanotransduction, so we characterized these techniques in the experimental conditions known to activate cell mechanosensing in vivo. The experimental tests were performed using tibia samples excised from twenty-two C57BL/6 mice. To evaluate measurement repeatability we computed the standard deviation of ten repetitive compressions to the mean value. This value was lower than 3% for micro strain gauges, and in the range of 7%–10% for DIC and the length transducer. The coefficient of variation, i.e., the standard deviation to the mean value, was about 35% for strain gauges and the length transducer, and about 40% for DIC. These results provided a comprehensive characterization of three methodologies for local and global bone strain measurement, suggesting a possible field of application on the basis of their advantages and limitations.

scholarly journals Numerical Sensitivity Analysis for Dielectric Characterization of Biological Samples by Open-Ended Probe Technique

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3756
Author(s):  
Marta Cavagnaro ◽  
Giuseppe Ruvio
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
High Water ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Dielectric Characterization

Dielectric characterization of biological tissues has become a fundamental aspect of the design of medical treatments based on electromagnetic energy delivery and their pre-treatment planning. Among several measuring techniques proposed in the literature, broadband and minimally-invasive open-ended probe measurements are best-suited for biological tissues. However, several challenges related to measurement accuracy arise when dealing with biological tissues in both ex vivo and in vivo scenarios such as very constrained set-ups in terms of limited sample size and probe positioning. By means of the Finite Integration Technique in the CST Studio Suite® software, the numerical accuracy of the reconstruction of the complex permittivity of a high water-content tissue such as liver and a low water-content tissue such as fat is evaluated for different sample dimensions, different location of the probe, and considering the influence of the background environment. It is found that for high water-content tissues, the insertion depth of the probe into the sample is the most critical parameter on the accuracy of the reconstruction. Whereas when low water-content tissues are measured, the probe could be simply placed in contact with the surface of the sample but a deeper and wider sample is required to mitigate biasing effects from the background environment. The numerical analysis proves to be a valid tool to assess the suitability of a measurement set-up for a target accuracy threshold.

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