Material of LAPAN's thermal IR camera equipped with two microbolometers in one aperture

Optifab 2017 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bustanul Arifin ◽  
Andi Mukhtar Tahir ◽  
Irwan Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Ir Camera

Thermal Imaging Product Power-up: Metrology for Capturing Thermal Defects on Live Units Not Visible on Any Other Technique

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova T. Zamora ◽  
Kam Meng Chong ◽  
Ashish Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Recent Application ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Thermal Failure ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Startup Process ◽  
Customer Returns ◽  
Actual Computer ◽  
Detection Of Defects

Abstract This paper presented the recent application of die powerup in Thermal Imaging as applied to the detection of defects causing thermal failure on revenue products or units not being captured using other available techniques. Simulating the condition on an actual computer setup, the infrared (IR) camera should capture images simultaneously as the entire bootup process is being executed by the processor, thus revealing a series of images and thermal information on each and every step of the startup process. This metrology gives the failure analyst a better approach to acquire a set of information that substantiate in the conduct of rootcause analysis of thermal-related failure in revenue units, especially on customer returns. Defective units were intentionally engineered in order to collect the thermal response data and eventually come up with a plot of all known thermal-related defects.

Evaluation of Package Defects by Thermal Imaging Techniques

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongmei Liu ◽  
Rajen Dias
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Nondestructive Analysis ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
External Heating

Abstract Study presented here has shown that Infrared thermography has the potential to be a nondestructive analysis tool for evaluating package sublayer defects. Thermal imaging is achieved by applying pulsed external heating to the package surface and monitoring the surface thermal response as a function of time with a high-speed IR camera. Since the thermal response of the surface is affected by the defects such as voids and delamination below the package surface, the technique can be used to assist package defects detection and analysis.

Fault Localization and Functional Testing of ICs by Lock-in Thermography

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Breitenstein ◽  
J.P. Rakotoniaina ◽  
F. Altmann ◽  
J. Schulz ◽  
G. Linse
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Temperature Modulation ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Free Running ◽  
Lock In

Abstract In this paper new thermographic techniques with significant improved temperature and/or spatial resolution are presented and compared with existing techniques. In infrared (IR) lock-in thermography heat sources in an electronic device are periodically activated electrically, and the surface is imaged by a free-running IR camera. By computer processing and averaging the images over a certain acquisition time, a surface temperature modulation below 100 µK can be resolved. Moreover, the effective spatial resolution is considerably improved compared to stead-state thermal imaging techniques, since the lateral heat diffusion is suppressed in this a.c. technique. However, a serious limitation is that the spatial resolution is limited to about 5 microns due to the IR wavelength range of 3 -5 µm used by the IR camera. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that lock-in thermography reliably allows the detection of defects in ICs if their power exceeds some 10 µW. The imaging can be performed also through the silicon substrate from the backside of the chip. Also the well-known fluorescent microthermal imaging (FMI) technique can be be used in lock-in mode, leading to a temperature resolution in the mK range, but a spatial resolution below 1 micron.

An Infrared Microscope for Use on a Focused Ion Beam for Circuit Edit and Backside Edit Applications

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Richards ◽  
Matthew Weschler ◽  
Michael Durller
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Near Ultraviolet ◽  
Infrared Microscope

Abstract To help solve the navigational problem, i.e., being able to successfully locate a circuit for probing or editing without destroying chip functionality, a near-infrared (NIR), near-ultraviolet (NUV), and visible spectrum camera system was developed that attaches to most focused ion beam (FIB) or scanning electron microscope vacuum chambers. This paper reviews the details of the design and implementation of the NIR/NUV camera system, as instantiated upon the FEI FIB 200, with a particular focus on its use for the visualization of buried structures, and also for non-destructive real time area of interest location and end point detection. It specifically considers the use of the micro-optical camera system for its benefit in assisting with frontside and backside circuit edit, as well as other typical FIB milling activities. The quality of the image obtained by the IR camera rivals or exceeds traditional optical based imaging microscopy techniques.

Real time fall detection using infrared cameras and reflective tapes under day/night luminance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
E. Ramanujam ◽  
S. Padmavathi
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Fall Detection ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Cluttered Environments ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Time Fall

Falls are the leading cause of injuries and death in elderly individuals who live alone at home. The core service of assistive living technology is to monitor elders’ activities through wearable devices, ambient sensors, and vision systems. Vision systems are among the best solutions, as their implementation and maintenance costs are the lowest. However, current vision systems are limited in their ability to handle cluttered environments, occlusion, illumination changes throughout the day, and monitoring without illumination. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a 24/7 monitoring system for elders that uses retroreflective tape fabricated as part of conventional clothing, monitored through low-cost infrared (IR) cameras fixed in the living environment. IR camera records video even when there are changes in illumination or zero luminance. For classification among clutter and occlusion, the tape is considered as a blob instead of a human silhouette; the orientation angle, fitted through ellipse modeling, of the blob in each frame allows classification that detects falls without pretrained data. System performance was tested using subjects in various age groups and “fall” or “non-fall” were detected with 99.01% accuracy.

scholarly journals Thermal Characteristics of Breast Surface Temperature in Healthy Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Anna Lubkowska ◽  
Monika Chudecka
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Healthy Women

Thermography is widely used in the medical field, including in the detection of breast disorders. The aim of the research was to characterize the range of breast surface temperature values, taking into account the entire area of the mammary gland and, independently, the nipple, in healthy women. An additional aim was to assess the symmetry of the breast temperature distribution (using an IR camera) and the correlation of temperatures with the content of adipose tissue. Thermograms were made for the right and left breasts, each time delineating the area of the entire breast and a separate area of the nipple, chest, and abdomen. Analyzing the intergroup differences in temperature of selected body areas (Tmean), it was shown that, in all cases, they were significantly higher in younger women. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between breast and nipple temperatures in relation to the body sides. The highest temperatures within the mammary gland were recorded for the nipple area. The use of the high-resolution digital infrared thermal imaging method in early and screening preventive diagnoses of changes in the mammary gland requires individual interpretation of the results, taking into account the assessment of the physiological pattern of temperature distribution in both breasts.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the Thermal Performance of the Paraffin-Based Microcapsules Intended for Textile Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1120
Author(s):  
Virginija Skurkyte-Papieviene ◽  
Ausra Abraitiene ◽  
Audrone Sankauskaite ◽  
Vitalija Rubeziene ◽  
Julija Baltusnikaite-Guzaitiene
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Outer Shell ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Thermally Conductive

Phase changing materials (PCMs) microcapsules MPCM32D, consisting of a polymeric melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin shell surrounding a paraffin core (melting point: 30–32 °C), have been modified by introducing thermally conductive additives on their outer shell surface. As additives, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxyoxythiophene) poly (styrene sulphonate) (PEDOT: PSS) were used in different parts by weight (1 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 10 wt.%). The main aim of this modification—to enhance the thermal performance of the microencapsulated PCMs intended for textile applications. The morphologic analysis of the newly formed coating of MWCNTs or PEDOT: PSS microcapsules shell was observed by SEM. The heat storage and release capacity were evaluated by changing microcapsules MPCM32D shell modification. In order to evaluate the influence of the modified MF outer shell on the thermal properties of paraffin PCM, a thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) of these unmodified and shell-modified microcapsules was also measured by the comparative method. Based on the identified optimal parameters of the thermal performance of the tested PCM microcapsules, a 3D warp-knitted spacer fabric from PET was treated with a composition containing 5 wt.% MWCNTs or 5 wt.% PEDOT: PSS shell-modified microcapsules MPCM32D and acrylic resin binder. To assess the dynamic thermal behaviour of the treated fabric samples, an IR heating source and IR camera were used. The fabric with 5 wt.% MWCNTs or 5 wt.% PEDOT: PSS in shell-modified paraffin microcapsules MPCM32D revealed much faster heating and significantly slower cooling compared to the fabric treated with the unmodified ones. The thermal conductivity of the investigated fabric samples with modified microcapsules MPCM32D has been improved in comparison to the fabric samples with unmodified ones. That confirms the positive influence of using thermally conductive enhancing additives for the heat transfer rate within the textile sample containing these modified paraffin PCM microcapsules.

scholarly journals Inductive Thermography as Non-Destructive Testing for Railway Rails

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003
Author(s):  
Christoph Tuschl ◽  
Beate Oswald-Tranta ◽  
Sven Eck
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Average Crack ◽  
Non Destructive

Inductive thermography is a non-destructive testing method, whereby the specimen is slightly heated with a short heating pulse (0.1–1 s) and the temperature change on the surface is recorded with an infrared (IR) camera. Eddy current is induced by means of high frequency (HF) magnetic field in the surface ‘skin’ of the specimen. Since surface cracks disturb the eddy current distribution and the heat diffusion, they become visible in the IR images. Head checks and squats are specific types of damage in railway rails related to rolling contact fatigue (RCF). Inductive thermography can be excellently used to detect head checks and squats on rails, and the method is also applicable for characterizing individual cracks as well as crack networks. Several rail pieces with head checks, with artificial electrical discharge-machining (EDM)-cuts and with a squat defect were inspected using inductive thermography. Aiming towards rail inspection of the track, 1 m long rail pieces were inspected in two different ways: first via a ‘stop-and-go’ technique, through which their subsequent images are merged together into a panorama image, and secondly via scanning during a continuous movement of the rail. The advantages and disadvantages of both methods are compared and analyzed. Special image processing tools were developed to automatically fully characterize the rail defects (average crack angle, distance between cracks and average crack length) in the recorded IR images. Additionally, finite element simulations were used to investigate the effect of the measurement setup and of the crack parameters, in order to optimize the experiments.

First results with TC-MIRC (two channel-medium IR camera)

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Robberto ◽  
Mario Gai ◽  
M. D. Guarnieri ◽  
Sebastiano Ligori ◽  
S. Marta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Camera ◽  
First Results

Improved infrared temperature mapping of elastohydrodynamic contacts

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (8) ◽  
pp. 1165-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Reddyhoff ◽  
H A Spikes ◽  
A V Olver
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

An effective means of studying lubricant rheology within elastohydrodynamic contacts is by detailed mapping of the temperature of the fluid and the bounding surfaces within the lubricated contact area. In the current work, the experimental approach initially developed by Sanborn and Winer and then by Spikes et al., has been advanced to include a high specification infrared (IR) camera and microscope. Besides the instantaneous capture of full field measurements, this has the advantage of increased sensitivity and higher spatial resolution than previous systems used. The increased sensitivity enables a much larger range of testable operating conditions: namely lower loads, speeds, and reduced sliding. In addition, the range of test lubricants can be extended beyond high shearing traction fluids. These new possibilities have been used to investigate and compare the rheological properties of a range of lubricants: namely a group I and group II mineral oil, a polyalphaolephin (group IV), the traction fluid Santotrac 50, and 5P4E, a five-ring polyphenyl-ether. As expected, contact temperatures increased with lubricant refinement, for the mineral base oils tested. Using moving heat source theory, the measured temperature distributions were converted into maps showing rate of heat input into each surface, from which shear stresses were calculated. The technique could therefore be validated by integrating these shear stress maps, and comparing them with traction values obtained by direct measurement. Generally there was good agreement between the two approaches, with the only significant differences occurring for 5P4E, where the traction that was deduced from the temperature over-predicted the traction by roughly 15 per cent. Of the lubricants tested, Santotrac 50 showed the highest average traction over the contact; however, 5P4E showed the highest maximum traction. This observation is only possible using the IR mapping technique, and is obscured when measuring the traction directly. Both techniques showed the effect of shear heating causing a reduction in traction.

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