Characterization of the Elasticity of Valve Interstitial Cells on Soft Substrates Using Atomic Force Microscopy

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijiao Liu ◽  
Craig A. Simmons ◽  
Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Valve Interstitial Cells ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Sense And Respond

Mechanical stimuli, including the elasticity of the extracellular matrix (ECM), can have profound effects on the function of cells and their responsiveness to other microenvironmental cues, thereby regulating homeostasis and disease development. For example, the response of aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) to growth factors [1] and VIC differentiation to pathological phenotypes [2] depend on ECM elasticity. The ability of cells to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli depends on several factors, including their inherent cellular-level mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of suspended VICs [3, 4] and VICs grown on stiff glass/polystyrene [5] have been reported. However, neither of these test conditions is physiological, as VICs adhere to ECM that is orders of magnitude more compliant than glass. Some other cell types adapt their stiffness to that of their substrate [6]; we hypothesized that adherent VICs would similarly change their elasticity in response to the elastic properties of their ECM.

Microscopic Methods for Characterization of Selected Surface Properties of Biodegradable, Nanofibrous Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2017 ◽  
Vol 890 ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Chlanda ◽  
Ewa Kijeńska ◽  
Wojciech Święszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Force Spectroscopy ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

Biodegradable polymeric fibers with nanoand submicron diameters, produced by electrospinning can be used as scaffolds in tissue engineering. It is necessary to characterize their mechanical properties especially at the nanoscale. The Force Spectroscopy is suitable atomic force microscopy mode, which allows to probe mechanical properties of the material, such as: reduced Young's modulus, deformation, adhesion, and dissipation. If combined with standard operating mode: contact or semicontact, it will also provide advanced topographical analysis. In this paper we are presenting results of Force Spectroscopy characterization of two kinds of electrospun fibers: polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone with hydroxyapatite addition. The average calculated from Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory Young's modulus was 4 ± 1 MPa for pure polymer mesh and 20 ± 3 MPa for composite mesh.

scholarly journals Influence of hematite nanorods on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Bogdanovic ◽  
Tijana Kovac ◽  
Enis Dzunuzovic ◽  
Milena Spírková ◽  
Phillip Ahrenkiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Uniform Size Distribution ◽  
Tensile Toughness

The mechanical properties of nanocomposites obtained by incorporation of fairly uniform hematite nanorods (?-Fe2O3 NRs) into epoxy resin were studied as a function of the content of the inorganic phase. A thorough microstructural characterization of the ?-Fe2O3 NRs and the nanocomposites was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The TEM measurements revealed rod-like morphology of the nanofiller with a uniform size distribution (8.5 nm?170 nm, diameter?length). High-magnification TEM and AFM measurements indicated agglomeration of ?-Fe2O3 NRs embedded in the epoxy resin. Stress at break, strain at break, elastic modulus and tensile toughness of the nanocomposites were compared with the data obtained for pure epoxy resin. Significant influence of nanofiller on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin, as well as on the glass transition temperature, could be noticed for samples with low contents of the inorganic phase (up to 1 wt. %).

Micromechanical Properties of Spruce Tissues Using Static Nanoindentation and Modulus Mapping

2015 ◽  
Vol 732 ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Prošek ◽  
Jaroslav Topič ◽  
Pavel Tesárek ◽  
Kateřina Indrová ◽  
Václav Nežerka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Micromechanical Properties ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Dynamic Nanoindentation

This paper discusses characterization of physical and mechanical properties of tissues of Norway spruce. Cell wall is composed of several layers, which is, due to their small size, difficult to characterize. For this reason, the work uses a combination of methods, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation. AFM is used to determine the topography of samples and nanoindentation to determine micromechanical properties of wood tissues. Prepared samples of glue laminated timber were tested by quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation (modulus mapping technique) method.

Visco-hyperelastic characterization of the mechanical properties of human fallopian tube tissue using atomic force microscopy

Materialia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 101074
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Jafarbeglou ◽  
Mohammad Ali Nazari ◽  
Fatemeh Keikha ◽  
Saeid Amanpour ◽  
Mojtaba Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Human Fallopian Tube ◽  
Atomic Force

Characterization of the surface topography and nano-hardness of Cu/Ni multilayer structures

Open Physics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Kulej ◽  
Barbara Kucharska ◽  
Grzegorz Pyka ◽  
Monika Gwoździk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Multilayer Structures ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Sublayer Thickness

AbstractThis article describes the results of a study of Cu/Ni multilayer coatings applied on a monocrystalline Si(100) silicon substrate by the deposition magnetron sputtering technique. Composed of 100 bilayers each, the multilayers were differentiated by the Ni sublayer thickness (1.2 to 3 nm), while maintaining the constant Cu sublayer thickness (2 nm). The multilayer coatings were characterized by assessing their surface topography using atomic force microscopy and their mechanical properties with nano-hardness measurements by the Berkovich method. The tests showed that the hardness of multilayers was substantially influenced by the thickness ratio of Cu and Ni sublayers and by surface roughness. The highest hardness and, at the same time, the lowest roughness was exhibited by a multilayer structure with a Cu-to-Ni sublayer thickness ratio of 2:1.5.

The Effects of Cell Contraction and Loss of Adhesion on the Apoptosis of Valve Interstitial Cells

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruogang Zhao ◽  
Lina Lin ◽  
Craig A. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Shape Change ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Adherent Cell ◽  
Dystrophic Calcification ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Cell Contraction ◽  
Valve Interstitial Cells ◽  
Cytoskeletal Network

Dystrophic calcification in sclerotic aortic valves is associated with apoptosis of myofibroblasts that differentiate from valve interstitial cells (VICs). The factors that regulate apoptosis in sclerotic valves are not known, but may include mechanical stimuli, as is the case in other fibrotic tissues. In support of this hypothesis, we have observed that VICs on stiff collagen matrices that simulate fibrotic tissue differentiate to myofibroblasts and form calcified aggregates that contain apoptotic cells [1]. However, the mechanisms by which cell aggregation leads to VIC apoptosis are unknown. In other cell types, cell contraction caused by release of matrix tension can induce cell apoptosis, but the mechanical transduction pathway regulating this process is unknown [2]. Similarly, cell rounding caused by disrupting the cytoskeletal network has been found to induce apoptosis [3], indicating the cytoskeletal network may play an important role in the cell shape-change related apoptosis pathways. Loss of adhesion between the cell and its matrix is also a well-documented cause for apoptosis of adherent cell types [4].

Application of AFM to the Nanomechanics of Cancer

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 1817-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
James K Gimzewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Cell Mechanics ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Cell Metastasis ◽  
Technological Limitations

ABSTRACTCancer cell metastasis is a leading cause of mortality whereby cancer cells migrate from a tumor and spread to distant sites in the body. Understanding metastasis requires a deeper understanding of biomechanics and mechanobiology at the cellular level. We have established the use of Atomic Force Microscopy to infer the mechanical properties of single cells in cultures by measurement of their Young’s modulus. Here we discuss the main advantages, challenges, technological limitations and applicability of AFM based cell mechanics studies along with other emerging high throughput techniques for the development of single cell mechanical based clinical assays for cancer detection and management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document