Development of a Computational Model of Lymphangions in Series: A Parameter Sensitivity Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Weimer ◽  
James E. Moore ◽  
Christopher D. Bertram ◽  
Will Richardson ◽  
Beth Ann Placette
Keyword(s):  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Venous Circulation ◽  
In Series ◽  
Normal Health

The lymphatic system plays a vital role in the body to maintain normal health. The lymphatics are responsible for fluid and protein balance, as they transport approximately 3.6 liters/day of fluid from the interstitial spaces to the venous circulation. Throughout this transfer process, both positive and negative events can occur. Undesirable pathogens are typically destroyed in lymph nodes, but since it serves as the primary transport mechanism for the immune system, it is also involved in the spread of pathogens such as cancer cells.

Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of a Lumped-Parameter Model of Lymphangions in Series

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Jamalian ◽  
James E. Moore ◽  
Christopher D. Bertram ◽  
Will Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Node Dissection ◽  
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
In Series

The lymphatic system is responsible for vital functions in the human body. In particular, it plays an important role in the immune system mechanism whereby undesirable elements are destroyed in the lymph nodes. But cancer cells also spread via the lymphatic system. The system maintains fluid and protein balance by gathering approximately 4 L/day of interstitial fluid and returning it to the venous system. Lymphedema, an ailment of the system for which there is no known cure, primarily affects cancer patients who have undergone lymph node dissection [1]. To understand how to treat such pathologies of the lymphatic system, it is first necessary to examine its fluid flow and pumping mechanisms quantitatively.

Developing Computational Flow Models for the Lymphatic Vasculature

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaheh Rahbar ◽  
James E. Moore ◽  
David C. Zawieja ◽  
Anatoliy A. Gashev ◽  
Gerard L. Cote
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Lymphatic Vasculature ◽  
Normal Health

The lymphatic system performs many crucial body functions to ensure normal health. The lymphatics are responsible for fluid and protein balance, gathering approximately 4 liters/day of interstitial fluid and returning it to the venous system. As this fluid is filtered, undesirable elements such as tumor cells and foreign pathogens are normally destroyed in lymph nodes. This system also plays a part in serving as the primary transport mechanism for the immune system. Lymphedema, a debilitating disease for which there is no known cure, affects a large number of cancer patients who have undergone lymphadenectomy and also trauma victims. The lymphatic system is also the major transport route for metastases of various cancers.

Nitric Oxide Transport in Lymphatic Vessels

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Wilson ◽  
Rebecca L. Dahlin ◽  
Olga Gasheva ◽  
David C. Zawieja ◽  
James E. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Insight Into

The lymphatic system plays a vital role in maintaining proper physiological function in the body. Its removal of proteins and other particulate matter from the tissue spaces is particularly important for the body’s prevention of extracellular edema [1]. After fluid is absorbed by the initial lymphatics, it is transported to lymph nodes where filtration occurs. In addition, the lymphatic system serves as a common pathway of initial metastases to regional lymph nodes for certain types of cancers [2]. Thus, the characterization of mass transport in the lymphatic system could lead to unprecedented insight into the treatment of such pathologies.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue and Biological Factors. Possible Link between Lymphatic System Dysfunction and Obesity

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Klaudia Antoniak ◽  
Rita Hansdorfer-Korzon ◽  
Małgorzata Mrugacz ◽  
Katarzyna Zorena
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
World Health ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Venous Circulation

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognised obesity as one of the top ten threats to human health. Obesity is not only a state of abnormally increased adipose tissue in the body, but also of an increased release of biologically active metabolites. Moreover, obesity predisposes the development of metabolic syndrome and increases the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), increases the risk of developing insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypertension and cancer. The lymphatic system is a one-directional network of thin-walled capillaries and larger vessels covered by a continuous layer of endothelial cells that provides a unidirectional conduit to return filtered arterial and tissue metabolites towards the venous circulation. Recent studies have shown that obesity can markedly impair lymphatic function. Conversely, dysfunction in the lymphatic system may also be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. This review highlights the important findings regarding obesity related to lymphatic system dysfunction, including clinical implications and experimental studies. Moreover, we present the role of biological factors in the pathophysiology of the lymphatic system and we propose the possibility of a therapy supporting the function of the lymphatic system in the course of obesity.

Scanning electron microscopy of freeze-fractured prescapular lymph node of caprine

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
O. Faroon ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi ◽  
T. G. Snider ◽  
C. Titkemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Cellular Constituent ◽  
Scanning Electron

The lymphatic system is very important in the immunological activities of the body. Clinicians confirm the diagnosis of infectious diseases by palpating the involved cutaneous lymph node for changes in size, heat, and consistency. Clinical pathologists diagnose systemic diseases through biopsies of superficial lymph nodes. In many parts of the world the goat is considered as an important source of milk and meat products.The lymphatic system has been studied extensively. These studies lack precise information on the natural morphology of the lymph nodes and their vascular and cellular constituent. This is due to using improper technique for such studies. A few studies used the SEM, conducted by cutting the lymph node with a blade. The morphological data collected by this method are artificial and do not reflect the normal three dimensional surface of the examined area of the lymph node. SEM has been used to study the lymph vessels and lymph nodes of different animals. No information on the cutaneous lymph nodes of the goat has ever been collected using the scanning electron microscope.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PREDNISOLONE AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE (ACTH) ON LYMPHATIC LUNG CLEARANCE AND ON EXPERIMENTAL SILICOSIS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Carl-Johan Göthe
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Lung Clearance ◽  
Dust Transport ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Quartz Dust ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The effect of three doses of prednisolone and ACTH respectively on the weight of the body, the lungs and the hilar lymph nodes was studied on rats killed one month after the intratracheal (i.t.) injection of 50 mg of fine-particulate quartz. The prednisolone was administered via the drinking water, and the ACTH was injected intraperitoneally during the period between the i.t. injection of quartz dust and the killing of the animals. Prednisolone causes the rats to become cachectic and reduces the weight of the hilar lymph nodes. It also retards the transport of quartz dust from the lungs via the lymphatics. All these effects increase with increasing doses of prednisolone. However, its effect on the lung weight is insignificant. ACTH does not affect the body weight, but retards the weight increase of the lungs and the hilar lymph nodes. These effects increase with increasing doses of ACTH, and seem to be connected with an ability of ACTH to promote the clearance of quartz dust from the lungs and hilar lymph nodes. The method used, however, does not make it possible to differentiate quantitatively between any ACTH effects on the bronchogenie and lymphatic lung-clearance mechanisms. Available data, however, indicate that the stimulation of the dust transport from the lungs and hilar lymph nodes is, at least to some extent, related to the lymphatic system.

ANALYSIS OF THE CREW PART OF THE LOCOMOTIVE TEM23 AND PROPOSALS FOR ELIMINATION OF DISADVANTAGES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Antipin ◽  
Vladimir Vorobev ◽  
Denis Bondarenko ◽  
Gennadiy Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diesel Locomotive ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Bogie Frame ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
In Series

The analysis of the design features of the bogie of the TEM23 shunting diesel locomotive is carried out. In the process of analysis, the directions of its improvement are determined. It is proposed to rotate the bogie frame in the vertical plane by reducing the body supports to two and using a pivot with low lowering, equip the bogies with pneumatic spring suspension in the form of two corrugations installed in series with shortened suspension springs. The proposed options for improving the undercarriage of a diesel locomotive will increase the competitiveness of products and reduce costs

scholarly journals The Mechanism of Secretion and Metabolism of Gut-Derived 5-Hydroxytryptamine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7931
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Shiqiang Sun ◽  
Pengjie Wang ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Qingjuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Epithelial Development ◽  
Ec Cells

Serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a metabolite of tryptophan and is reported to modulate the development and neurogenesis of the enteric nervous system, gut motility, secretion, inflammation, sensation, and epithelial development. Approximately 95% of 5-HT in the body is synthesized and secreted by enterochromaffin (EC) cells, the most common type of neuroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, through sensing signals from the intestinal lumen and the circulatory system. Gut microbiota, nutrients, and hormones are the main factors that play a vital role in regulating 5-HT secretion by EC cells. Apart from being an important neurotransmitter and a paracrine signaling molecule in the gut, gut-derived 5-HT was also shown to exert other biological functions (in autism and depression) far beyond the gut. Moreover, studies conducted on the regulation of 5-HT in the immune system demonstrated that 5-HT exerts anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects on the gut by binding to different receptors under intestinal inflammatory conditions. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms through which 5-HT participates in cell metabolism and physiology can provide potential therapeutic strategies for treating intestinal diseases. Herein, we review recent evidence to recapitulate the mechanisms of synthesis, secretion, regulation, and biofunction of 5-HT to improve the nutrition and health of humans.

scholarly journals Kidney Inflammation, Injury and Regeneration 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5589
Author(s):  
Patrick C. Baer ◽  
Benjamin Koch ◽  
Helmut Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Functions

The kidneys play a vital role in the basic physiological functions of the body [...]

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