Evaluation of the Reaction Moments of Metal Bellows Expansion Joints Subjected to Angular Movement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Veiga ◽  
Nelson Kavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Angular Movement ◽  
Force Reaction ◽  
Metal Bellows ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Pressure

The reaction moment calculations of Hinged and Gimbal expansion joints, designed according to the “Standards of Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association” (EJMA), consider the bellows spring rate and pin friction. The reaction moment due to the lateral pressure forces should also be considered. Metal bellows subjected to angular movement extends one side and contracts the opposite, generating a lateral force caused by the media pressure. This paper evaluates the lateral force reaction moment in a hinged expansion joint with the hardware designed for angular movements. For this purpose prototypes were built and the moments evaluated, simulating actual field conditions.

Determination of Gimbal and Hinged Expansion Joints Reaction Moments

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Veiga ◽  
Nelson Kavanagh ◽  
Ana Maria F. Sousa ◽  
Jorivaldo Medeiros ◽  
Jordana Luiza Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Spring Rate ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Metal Bellows ◽  
Media Pressure

This paper proposes a method to estimate the actual reaction loads in gimbal and hinged metal bellows expansion joints. Friction and some media pressure forces, which are not considered in current Expansion Joint Manufactures Association (EJMA) standard calculations, are added to bellows spring rate to estimate the expansion joint movement reaction moment. The proposed calculation method is based upon pressure and movement tests of large size expansion joints.

Determination of Gimbal and Hinged Expansion Joints Reaction Moments

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose´ Carlos Veiga ◽  
Nelson Kavanagh ◽  
Ana Maria F. Sousa ◽  
Jorivaldo Medeiros ◽  
Jordana Luiza Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Spring Rate ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Metal Bellows ◽  
Media Pressure

This paper proposes a method to estimate the actual reaction loads in gimbal and hinged metal bellows expansion joints. Friction and some media pressure forces, which are not considered in current EJMA Standard calculations, are added to bellows spring rate to estimate the expansion joint movement reaction moment. The proposed calculation method is based upon pressure and movement tests of large size expansion joints.

Repair of Bellows Expansion Joints

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Merrick ◽  
W. O’Toole ◽  
M. Malkmus
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
System Component ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Smooth Contour ◽  
Intended Function ◽  
Metal Bellows

A metal bellows expansion joint is a highly engineered, precisely manufactured piping system component. It cannot withstand mechanical abuse and perform its intended function without repair or replacement. A 304 stainless steel two-ply metal bellows expansion joint was intentionally damaged by drilling or grinding holes and grooves through the outer ply and subsequently weld-repaired by welding patches over the defects or by filling the grooves. In addition, gouges that did not penetrate the outer ply were blended to a smooth contour. This assembly was fatigue tested to demonstrate that when inadvertent damage does occur the bellows may be repaired. There are three methods of repair which may, under closely controlled circumstances, be a justifiable alternate to replacement of the bellows. Details of this testing program are described in this paper.

Experimental Study on Mix Ratio Design and Road Performance of Medium and Small Deformation Seamless Expansion Joints of Bridges

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812098474
Author(s):  
Pengzhen Lu ◽  
Chenhao Zhou ◽  
Simin Huang ◽  
Yang Shen ◽  
Yilong Pan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Small Deformation ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
The Road ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Road Performance

Expansion joints are a weak and fragile part of bridge superstructure. The damage or failure of the expansion joint will lead to the decline of bridge durability and endanger the bridge structure and traffic safety. To improve the service life and performance of bridge expansion joints, the ideal method is to use seamless expansion joints. In this study, starting from the commonly used asphalt mixture gradation of seamless expansion joint, and taking into account the actual situation of bridge expansion joint structure and environment in China, the gradation and asphalt-aggregate ratio are preliminarily designed. Through a Marshall test, the corresponding asphalt mixture is evaluated and analyzed according to the stability, flow value, and void ratio, and the optimal gradation and asphalt-aggregate ratio are determined. Finally, the asphalt mixture is prepared with the mixture ratio design, and the test results of an immersion Marshall test, fatigue performance test, and full-scale test verify that the asphalt mixture meets the road performance requirements of seamless expansion joints. On the basis of the experimental data, the performance of large sample asphalt mixture is continuously tested, compared, and optimized. The results show that the asphalt mixture ratio designed is true and reliable, which can provide reference for the optimal design of seamless expansion joint filler.

scholarly journals Influence of the Acoustic Cover of the Modular Expansion Joint on the Acoustic Climate in the Bridge Structure Surroundings

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2842
Author(s):  
Janusz Bohatkiewicz ◽  
Michał Jukowski ◽  
Maciej Hałucha ◽  
Marcin Dębiński
Keyword(s):  
Sound Level ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bridge Structures

The noise generated at the interface between the wheels of vehicles and the road surface is well recognized in the literature worldwide. Many publications describe the phenomenon of reducing this kind of impact by silent road surfaces. A specific type of this noise is the sound generated by vehicles passing over the expansion joints of bridge structures. Due to the impulsive nature of this sound, it is very onerous for people living in the close vicinity of bridge structures. The passage of vehicles over expansion joints causes the formation of vibrations that are transmitted to the structural elements of bridge structures, which may cause the formation of the material sounds (especially arduous in the case of bridges with steel elements). An attempt to reduce this impact was made by making a prototype acoustic cover of the expansion joint on the selected bridge. The paper presents the results of research on the “in situ” acoustic effectiveness of this cover. Additionally, the noise was modelled in the object surroundings before and after the cover’s application. The acoustic efficiency of the cover in the whole measured frequency range was 5.3 dBA. In the narrower frequency bands (1/3 octave bands), larger sound level reductions were observed. The maximum sound levels measured under the tested dilatation were less than 10.0 dBA lower than the maximum sound levels measured under the reference dilatation.

Automatic Assembly and Key Technologies of Expansion Joints

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Yan Kai Fang
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Secondary Development ◽  
Automatic Assembly ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Graphics Software

Expansion joints are non-standard devices whose shape and parameters could vary with temperature, pressure, displacement and cycle life, so it's drawing work is very burdensome. Expansion joint industry is badly in need a set of accurate, reliable and stong practical professional graphics software. Therefore this paper carried out targeted secondary development of the software on the basis of digestion and absorption of SolidWorks2010 so as to meet the urgent needs of expansion joints industry. The structure of most parts of bellows expansion joints is not complex, and their geometry are relatively simple and fixed, so it is very suitable for parametric modeling method.

Satisfying Piping Stress and Flexibility Requirements With the Implementation of Expansion Joints: Techno-Economical Optimization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misa Jocic
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Technical Specification ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pipe Routing ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Economical Optimization ◽  
Design And Construction

There have been various attempts to deal with the optimization of solutions which involve expansion joints in piping systems where sufficient flexibility can’t be found using suitable pipe routing. The difficulty of piping designs which involve expansion joints is that they rely upon two engineering expertises: Pipe Flexibility and Stress Analysis on one side and Expansion Joint Design and Construction on the other. Arguably distinctively different, they have been looked upon as totally detached engineering disciplines and it is rarely that companies have two of these experts residing under the same roof. Pipe Stress Engineers basically relied on support form Expansion Joint Experts on “as required basis” and called upon their knowledge only when needed. Thus, we have the situation where knowledge related to the design and construction of expansion joints sits with expansion joints manufacturing companies, which are totally separate and often remote entities in the piping design process. Even so, the ever present demand for techno-economical optimizations, points us to the following observations. The “Traditional method”, where Pipe Stress Engineer defines on his own the requirements for expansion joints and describes them in the technical specification for purchasing is, or should be, a theme of the past. This approach may be used only as a first attempt in search for the solution, but given that it never heads in the direction of achieving optimal techno-economical results, needs to be upgraded with additional steps.

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