Investigation of Design Method for Piping Systems to Prevent Acoustic Fatigue in Process Plants

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itsuro Hayashi ◽  
Teruo Hioki ◽  
Hiroshi Isobe
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness ◽  
Sound Structure ◽  
Material Fatigue ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Process Plants ◽  
Acoustic Fatigue

Piping systems for steam or gases with a pressure reducing device can cause acoustically induced vibration, resulting in material fatigue failure in process plant. Numerical investigation using sound-structure interaction analysis has been done to find the possible solution to reduce the dynamic stress level in the piping structure. The result shows that reinforcing of the pipe structure such as use of circumferential stiffener rings change the structural characteristic and the maximum stress in the pipe wall. Structural natural frequency is applied to evaluate both effectiveness of reinforcement of pipe structure and the effectiveness of the increase of pipe wall thickness.

Leak Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Charles Becht
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness ◽  
Pressure Testing ◽  
Leak Testing ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Design Pressure ◽  
Important Test

While the exercise of pressurizing a piping system and checking for leaks is sometimes called pressure testing, the Code refers to it as leak testing. The main purpose of the test is to demonstrate that the piping can confine fluid without leaking. When the piping is leak tested at pressures above the design pressure, the test also demonstrates that the piping is strong enough to withstand the pressure. For large bore piping where the pipe wall thickness is close to the minimum required by the Code, being strong enough to withstand the pressure is an important test. For small bore piping that typically has a significant amount of extra pipe wall thickness, being strong enough is not in question. Making sure that the piping is leak free is important for all piping systems.

Process Plant Noise Control at the Design Engineering Stage

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Seebold
Keyword(s):  
Noise Control ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Process Plants ◽  
Wait And See ◽  
Government Legislation

Effective noise control actions have to be taken in the preliminary definition and engineering design stages of major capital projects. Government legislation and public sentiment have virtually eliminated “wait-and-see” as a viable alternative. Unfortunately, an adequate understanding of the design aspects of noise control in process plants currently exists neither for all important noise sources nor among all suppliers, contractors, and users. This paper discusses both solutions and problems in sections dealing with sound transmission outdoors, plant sound power, furnaces, air coolers, control valves, rotating machinery, piping systems, flares, correction versus design, specifications and guarantees. The contention is that, where it is lacking, an adequate understanding of noise generation can be achieved, leading to the design of plants that are adequately quiet from the start.

Study on the Mechanism of Fatigue Failure at Branch Connections Caused by Shell Mode Vibration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Failure ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Mode Vibration ◽  
Rigid Model ◽  
Shell Vibration ◽  
Acoustic Fatigue

Acoustically induced vibration (AIV) is a vibration of piping systems caused by the acoustic loading generated mainly from pressure reducing devices. Recently, the capacities of the pressure reducing systems have been increased and some of the piping systems which are susceptible to acoustic fatigue, such as in flare and depressuring system. Demands on the development of reasonable design method for AIV is increasing. In this paper, the mechanisms of the fatigue failure of branch connection due to AIV were intensively studied. Firstly, the mechanism of the stress concentration was discussed. branch vibration caused by the shell mode vibration was assessed using several branch connection models, massless rigid model, fixed rigid model, and beam model. Next, the relationship between shell-vibration and stress concentrations is studied and re-organized based on acoustic vibration theories. Finally, the risk of the fatigue failure of the branch connection due to acoustic loading was discussed.

Development of a mathematical model of the influence of wall thickness on the strain rate when profiling pipes by drawing

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
R.A. Okulov ◽  
N.V. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Strain Intensity ◽  
Thickness Strain ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness

The change in the intensity of the deformation of the pipe wall during profiling by drawing was studied. The dependence of the strain intensity on the wall thickness of the workpiece is obtained to predict the processing results in the production of shaped pipes with desired properties. Keywords drawing, profile pipe, wall thickness, strain rate. [email protected]

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Deployment for Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations in the Process Plant Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8707
Author(s):  
Jae-Young Choi ◽  
Sang-Hoon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Industrial Hygiene ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Plant Industry ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Process Plants ◽  
Operator Safety

Safety showers and eyewash stations are equipment used for primary washing if their operator is exposed to hazardous chemicals. Therefore, safety showers and eyewash stations should be installed to ensure operator safety in process plants with excessive hazardous chemicals. International guidelines related to safety showers and eyewash stations are introduced in ANSI Z358.1, BS EN 15154, and German DIN 12899-3:2009, but only mechanical specifications regarding safety showers and eyewash stations are suggested. As such, there are currently no engineering guidelines, books, or technical journal papers requiring safety showers or eyewash stations and their efficient deployment. Thus, this study conducted risk assessment from an industrial hygiene perspective, suggesting which process equipment requires a safety shower and eyewash, including their economical and efficient deployment for operator safety. In industry, safety showers and eyewash stations are considered part of the process safety field; this study attempted to contribute to the safety improvement of operators by applying risk assessment of the industrial hygiene field. More studies are needed that contribute to operators’ safety by incorporating industrial hygiene fields for other process safety fields, including safety showers and eyewash stations.

scholarly journals Towards Semi-Automatic Generation of a Steady State Digital Twin of a Brownfield Process Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6959
Author(s):  
Seppo Sierla ◽  
Lotta Sorsamäki ◽  
Mohammad Azangoo ◽  
Antti Villberg ◽  
Eemeli Hytönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Process Plants ◽  
Engineering Effort ◽  
Process Measurements

Researchers have proposed various models for assessing design alternatives for process plant retrofits. Due to the considerable engineering effort involved, no such models exist for the great majority of brownfield process plants, which have been in operation for years or decades. This article proposes a semi-automatic methodology for generating a digital twin of a brownfield plant. The methodology consists of: (1) extracting information from piping and instrumentation diagrams, (2) converting the information to a graph format, (3) applying graph algorithms to preprocess the graph, (4) generating a simulation model from the graph, (5) performing manual expert editing of the generated model, (6) configuring the calculations done by simulation model elements and (7) parameterizing the simulation model according to recent process measurements in order to obtain a digital twin. Since previous work exists for steps (1–2), this article focuses on defining the methodology for (3–5) and demonstrating it on a laboratory process. A discussion is provided for (6–7). The result of the case study was that only few manual edits needed to be made to the automatically generated simulation model. The paper is concluded with an assessment of open issues and topics of further research for this 7-step methodology.

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