Mechanical Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation on Geometrically Modulated Elastomeric Substrates

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Fu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Single Cell Level ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Substrate Rigidity ◽  
Non Destructive

We report the use of micromolded elastomeric micropost arrays to modulate substrate rigidity independently of effects on adhesive and other material surface properties. We demonstrate that micropost rigidity impacts cell morphology, focal adhesions, cytoskeletal contractility, and stem cell differentiation. Furthermore, these micropost arrays reveal that changes in cytoskeletal contractility can precede stem cell differentiation and be utilized as a non-destructive predictor for fate decisions at the single cell level.

Micro-Engineered Sythetical Extrocellular Metrix for Stem Cell Differentiation Study

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Fu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Single Cell Level ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Substrate Rigidity ◽  
Non Destructive

We report the use of micromolded elastomeric micropost arrays to modulate substrate rigidity independently of effects on adhesive and other material surface properties. We demonstrate that micropost rigidity impacts cell morphology, focal adhesions, cytoskeletal contractility, and stem cell differentiation. Furthermore, these micropost arrays reveal that changes in cytoskeletal contractility can precede stem cell differentiation and be utilized as a non-destructive predictor for fate decisions at the single cell level.

Non-destructive, label-free metabolic mapping during stem cell differentiation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle P. Quinn ◽  
Gautham V. Sridharan ◽  
Rebecca S. Hayden ◽  
David L. Kaplan ◽  
Kyongbum Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Metabolic Mapping ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals The Nanoscale Geometrical Maturation of Focal Adhesions Controls Stem Cell Differentiation and Mechanotransduction

Nano Letters ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 3945-3952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien E. Gautrot ◽  
Jenny Malmström ◽  
Maria Sundh ◽  
Coert Margadant ◽  
Arnoud Sonnenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals MiR-145 mediates cell morphology-regulated mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to smooth muscle cells

Biomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ting Yeh ◽  
Josh Wei ◽  
Satenick Thorossian ◽  
Katherine Nguyen ◽  
Clarissa Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Rigidity of silicone substrates controls cell spreading and stem cell differentiation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigory Vertelov ◽  
Edgar Gutierrez ◽  
Sin-Ae Lee ◽  
Edward Ronan ◽  
Alex Groisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cell Spreading ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Silicone Gel ◽  
Substrate Rigidity

Multiple functions of cells cultured on flat substrates have been shown to depend on the elastic modulus of the substrate, E, with the dependence being strongest in a physiological range of soft tissues, corresponding to E from 0.1 to 100 kPa. Among those functions are stem cell differentiation, cell spreading, and cell signaling [1]. In the context of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), substrates with E in the ranges of <4 kPa, 8-17 kPa, and >25 kPa, have been classified as soft (adipogenic) [2,3], medium rigidity (myogenic)1, and hard (osteogenic) [1], respectively. In most studies, the soft substrates are hydrogels, and variations in their elastic moduli are usually accompanied by variations in the dry mass and porosity. The paradigm of the effect of substrate rigidity on the cellular functions has been challenged by Trappmann et al. [4], who claimed that cell spreading and differentiation on hydrogel substrates depend not on the elastic moduli of the substrates, but rather on their porosity, which affects the density of adhesion points between the substrate surface and the extracellular matrix (ECM) coating on it. This claim has been rebutted by Wen at al. [3], who have used hydrogel substrates with different porosities but identical elastic moduli to show that it is the elastic modulus rather than the porosity that is key to the effect of the substrate on cell spreading and differentiation. Both publications agree, however, that there is no appreciable effect of the substrate rigidity on either cell spreading or differentiation, if the substrate is made of a silicone gel rather than a hydrogel. This conclusion appears to contradict the findings of several other groups, who reported that when cells are plated on an array of flexible silicone microposts, their spreading and differentiation depend on the rigidity of the substrate [5], and that when cell are plated on silicone gels, their differentiation depends on the gel rigidity [6]. To resolve this contradiction, we used soft, medium, and hard silicone gel substrates with elastic moduli of 0.5, 16, and 64 kPa, respectively, (Fig.1) to perform experiments similar to those reported in Refs.4 and 3, testing the dependence of differentiation and spreading of MSCs and of spreading of fibroblasts and keratinocytes on the substrate rigidity.

scholarly journals Topography induced stiffness alteration of stem cells influences osteogenic differentiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2638-2652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangliang Yang ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Lu Ge ◽  
Qihui Zhou ◽  
Eliza M. Warszawik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Stiffness ◽  
Biological Processes

Topography-driven alterations to single cell stiffness rather than alterations in cell morphology, is the underlying driver for influencing cell biological processes, particularly stem cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Using single-cell entropy to describe the dynamics of reprogramming and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (30) ◽  
pp. 2050288
Author(s):  
Y. Ye ◽  
Z. Yang ◽  
M. Zhu ◽  
J. Lei
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Macroscopic Variable ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a great model to study the process of stem cell reprogramming and differentiation. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables us to investigate the reprogramming process at single-cell level. Here, we introduce single-cell entropy (scEntropy) as a macroscopic variable to quantify the cellular transcriptome from scRNA-seq data during reprogramming and differentiation of iPSCs. scEntropy measures the relative order parameter of genomic transcriptions at single cell level during the process of cell fate changes, which show increase tendency during differentiation, and decrease upon reprogramming. Hence, scEntropy provides an intrinsic measurement of the cell state, and can be served as a pseudo-time of the stem cell differentiation process. Moreover, based on the evolutionary dynamics of scEntropy, we construct a phenomenological Fokker-Planck equation model and the corresponding stochastic differential equation for the process of cell state transitions during pluripotent stem cell differentiation. These equations provide further insights to infer the processes of cell fates changes and stem cell differentiation. This study is the first to introduce the novel concept of scEntropy to quantify the biological process of iPSC, and suggests that the scEntropy can provide a suitable macroscopic variable for single cells to describe cell fate transition during differentiation and reprogramming of stem cells.

scholarly journals Using single-cell entropy to describe the dynamics of reprogramming and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusong Ye ◽  
Zhuoqin Yang ◽  
Meixia Zhu ◽  
Jinzhi Lei
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Macroscopic Variable ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a great model to study the process of stem cell reprogramming and differentiation. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables us to investigate the reprogramming process at single-cell level. Here, we introduce single-cell entropy (scEntropy) as a macroscopic variable to quantify the cellular transcriptome from scRNA-seq data during reprogramming and differentiation of iPSCs. scEntropy measures the relative order parameter of genomic transcriptions at single cell level during the process of cell fate changes, which show increase tendency during differentiation, and decrease upon reprogramming. Hence, scEntropy provides an intrinsic measurement of the cell state, and can be served as a pseudo-time of the stem cell differentiation process. Moreover, based on the evolutionary dynamics of scEntropy, we construct a phenomenological Fokker-Planck equation model and the corresponding stochastic differential equation for the process of cell state transitions during pluripotent stem cell differentiation. These equations provide further insights to infer the processes of cell fates changes and stem cell differentiation. This study is the first to introduce the novel concept of scEntropy to quantify the biological process of iPSC, and suggests that the scEntropy can provide a suitable macroscopic variable for single cells to describe cell fate transition during differentiation and reprogramming of stem cells.

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