Reinforcing Large Diameter Elbows Using Composite Materials Subjected to Extreme Bending and Internal Pressure Loading

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Alexander ◽  
Richard Kania ◽  
Joe Zhou ◽  
Brent Vyvial ◽  
Ashwin Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Design Guidance

A study was conducted to evaluate the use of E-glass/epoxy composite materials for reinforcement of large-diameter elbows. Using a combination of sub-scale and full-scale testing, the study demonstrated that when properly designed and installed, composite materials can be used to reduce strain in reinforced elbows considering bending loads of up to 3.6 million ft-lbs (4.88 million N-m), cyclic pressures between 720 psi (4.96 MPa) and 1,440 psi (9.93 MPa), and burst testing. The stresses measured in the composite material were well below designated ASME PCC-2 design stresses for the composite materials. During testing, there was no evidence that previously applied bending loads reduced the overall burst pressure capacity of the composite-reinforced elbows. Finite element modeling was used to optimize the geometry of the composite reinforcement. The resulting design guidance from this study was used to provide direction for possible reinforcement of large-diameter elbows for in-service pipelines.

The Estimation of Thermal Conductivity for Alumina-Epoxy Composite Material with High Filling Volume Fraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Chen Kang Huang ◽  
Yun Ching Leong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Transport Theorem ◽  
Good Agreement

In this study, the transport theorem of phonons and electrons is utilized to create a model to predict the thermal conductivity of composite materials. By observing or assuming the dopant displacement in the matrix, a physical model between dopant and matrix can be built, and the composite material can be divided into several regions. In each region, the phonon or electron scattering caused by boundaries, impurities, or U-processes was taken into account to calculate the thermal conductivity. The model is then used to predict the composite thermal conductivity for several composite materials. It shows a pretty good agreement with previous studies in literatures. Based on the model, some discussions about dopant size and volume fraction are also made.

Elastic and elastic-plastic finite element analysis of hollow tubes with axisymmetric internal projections under combined axial and pressure loading

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J Hardy ◽  
M. K Pipelzadeh ◽  
A. R Gowhari-Anaraki
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Applied Loading

This paper discusses the behaviour of hollow tubes with axisymmetric internal projections subjected to combined axial and internal pressure loading. Predictions from an extensive elastic and elastic-plastic finite element analysis are presented for a typical geometry and a range of loading combinations, using a simplified bilinear elastic-perfectly plastic material model. The axial loading case, previously analysed, is extended to cover the additional effect of internal pressure. All the predicted stress and strain data are found to depend on the applied loading conditions. The results are normalized with respect to material properties and can therefore be applied to geometrically similar components made from other materials, which can be represented by the same material models.

scholarly journals Tension mechanical properties of recycled glass-epoxy composite material

2012 ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Petrovic ◽  
Darko Ljubic ◽  
Marina Stamenovic ◽  
Ivana Dimic ◽  
Slavisa Putic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Before And After

The significance of composite materials and their applications are mainly due to their good properties. This imposes the need for their recycling, thus extending their lifetime. Once used composite material will be disposed as a waste at the end of it service life. After recycling, this kind of waste can be used as raw materials for the production of same material, which raises their applicability. This indicates a great importance of recycling as a method of the renowal of composite materials. This study represents a contribution to the field of mechanical properties of the recycled composite materials. The tension mechanical properties (tensile strength and modulus of elasticity) of once used and disposed glass-epoxy composite material were compared before and after the recycling. The obtained results from mechanical tests confirmed that the applied recycling method was suitable for glass-epoxy composite materials. In respect to the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity it can be further assessed the possibility of use of recycled glass-epoxy composite materials.

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Silk and Epoxy Composite Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Norie A. Akeel ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Omar S. Zaroog
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Equivalent Strength ◽  
Test Impact

This research Investigates the new composite materials are fabricated of two or more materials raised. The fibers material from the sources of natural recycled materials provides certain benefits above synthetic strengthening material given that very less cost, equivalent strength, less density, and the slightest discarded difficulties. In the current experiments, silk and fiber-reinforced epoxy composite material is fabricated and the mechanical properties for the composite materials are assessed. New composite materials samples with the dissimilar fiber weight ratio were made utilizing the compression Molding processes with the pressure of 150 pa at a temperature of 80 °C. All samples were exposed to the mechanical test like a tensile test, impact loading, flexural hardness, and microscopy. The performing results are the maximum stress is 33.4MPa, elastic modulus for the new composite material is 1380 MPa, and hardness value is 20.64 Hv for the material resistance to scratch, SEM analysis of the microstructure of new composite materials with different angles of layers that are more strength use in industrial applications.

Stresses in a composite material with a single broken fibre

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Iremonger ◽  
W G Wood
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Stress ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Lower Stress ◽  
Fibre Break ◽  
Matrix Yielding

An investigation has been made into the suitability of the finite-element method for studying the stresses in composite materials and the case of a single broken fibre in a matrix has been examined. It has been found that high stress concentrations occur in the region of the fibre break which increase with decreasing end gap and would cause matrix yielding or fracture at comparatively low overall stresses. When the end gap is not void but filled with matrix much lower stress concentrations occur which, below a certain value of end gap, actually decrease as the gap is made smaller.

Stress Distribution Behavior of Spherical Plain Bearing Fabricated by TiAl-Based Composite Materials Based on the Finite Element Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 649-652
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Li Ying Yang ◽  
Shou Ren Wang ◽  
Guang Ji Xue ◽  
Chang Xiu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Plain Bearing ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Spherical Plain Bearing

Spherical plain bearing is a sliding bearing have a spherical contact surface,it can bear larger load and automatically adjusted to the self-alignin. TiAl-based composite material is a material that be used to lightweight spherical plain bearing. The Simulation used the finite element software Ansys for the bearing’s static analysis.The material of outer ring using normal bearing steel, one group used the TiAl-based composite materials as the material of the inner ring, Another group the inner ring material is bearing steel 9Cr18. The law of the stress and strain produced by the two groups is consistent,the deformation of the composite materials is bigger under the same load, its elasticity modulus and density is smaller compared to the ordinary bearing steel,the composite material has the advantages of high specific strength especially in the occasions have strict requirements of the bearing weight.

Two-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis for Large Diameter Steel Flanges

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmalik A. Alghamdi ◽  
Muhsen S. Al-Sannaa
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Gasket Material ◽  
Clamping Pressure

This paper presents numerical results obtained using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in studying large diameter welded neck steel flanges under different loading conditions. Obtained FEA results show the effect of the clamping pressure, internal pressure, axial end load, temperature effect, gasket elasticity modulus on the contact pressure between the gasket and the steel flange. As expected clamping pressure is a determinate factor for the sealing condition. Gasket material is another primary factor in designing flanged joints.

scholarly journals Using XFEM to Predict the Damage with Temperature of the Steel Pipe Elbows under Bending and Pressure loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (55) ◽  
pp. 345-359
Author(s):  
Nourddine Hammadi ◽  
Moahmed Mokhtari ◽  
Habib Benzaama ◽  
Kouider Madani ◽  
Abdelkader Brakna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Tube System ◽  
Moment Stress ◽  
Calculation Code

The pipes, during their service, are subjected to accumulated loads such as internal pressure and that of the soil. The latter considerably accelerate their damage. In this work, the bending moment stress of API 5L X70 category steel elbows under thermo-mechanical behavior and in the presence of pressure were studied. We used FEM (finite element method) through the numerical calculation code ABAQUS and the XFEM technique for structural damage while using solid elements as a structure. Our objective is to evaluate the response and resistance capacity of the steel elbow by its location in the tube–elbow-tube system under a mixed loading of pressure and moment for all scenarios. It is based on a single standardized dimensioning of the elbow (diameter and thickness). The effect of several parameters has been studied such as the type of loading and the pressure levels, which are clearly conditioned by the level of damage. Numerical damage results are presented by moment-rotation curves. They illustrate the variation in damage as a function of these effects which act simultaneously.

scholarly journals MODELING THE WORK OF THE HEAD OF A HYDROMECHANICAL EXPANDER FOR WELDED PIPES OF A LARGE DIAMETER

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
L. M. Gurevich ◽  
V. F. Danenko ◽  
A. A. Istrati ◽  
V. A. Sonnova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Maximum Stresses ◽  
Distribution Of Stresses

Finite element simulates of changing stresses and strains under loading by gradually increasing internal pressure of cylindrical welded vessels was carried out. The vessels had an annular mechanically inhomogeneous welded joint with different mechanical properties of the joint, heat-affected zone, and base metal. Maximum stresses developed in the caps of the vessels, and the annular joint are lightly loaded. The distribution of stresses and strains in joint at various design parameters of the vessels is investigated.

Numerical Analysis of High Pressure Cold Bend Pipe to Investigate the Behaviour of Tension Side Fracture

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celal Cakiroglu ◽  
Amin Komeili ◽  
Samer Adeeb ◽  
J. J. Roger Cheng ◽  
Millan Sen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bend Pipe ◽  
Bending Load ◽  
Bending Loads

The cold bend pipelines may be affected by the geotechnical movements due to unstable slopes, soil type and seismic activities. An extensive experimental study was conducted by Sen et al. in 2006 to understand the buckling behaviour of cold bend pipes. In their experiments, it was noted that one high pressure X65 pipe specimen failed under axial and bending loads due to pipe body tensile side fracture which occurred after the development of a wrinkle. The behaviour of this cold bend pipe specimen under bending load has been investigated numerically to understand the conditions leading to pipe body tension side fracture following the compression side buckling. Bending load has been applied on a finite element model of the cold bend by increasing the curvature of it according to the experimental studies conducted by Sen [1]. The bending loads have been applied on the model with and without internal pressure. The distribution of the plastic strains and von Mises stresses as well as the load–displacement response of the pipe have been compared for both load cases. In this way the experimental results obtained by Sen [1] have been verified. The visualization of the finite element analysis results showed that pipe body failure at the tension side of the cold bend takes place under equal bending loads only in case of combined loading with internal pressure.

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