Challenges in Joining Thermoset Composite Piping

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Parashar ◽  
Pierre Mertiny
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion

The aim of this paper is to examine solutions and challenges related to joining thermoset composite piping. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) have been used in piping systems for more than 40 years. Higher specific mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of FRP make them a potential candidate for replacing metallic piping structures. Despite the advantages associated with FRP, their application is still limited due to, in part, unsatisfactory methods for joining composite subcomponents and inadequate knowledge of failure mechanism under different loading conditions. Adhesively bonded joints are attractive for many applications since they offer integrated sealing, minimal part count and do not require pipe extremities with complex geometries such as threads or bell and spigot configurations. So far, the majority of work reported in the technical literature on adhesively bonded pipe joints is concerned with lap joints employing wrapping techniques to produce overlap sleeve connections. More recently, a joining technique was proposed that replaces the wrapping technique with filament-wound overlap sleeve couplers that are adhesively bonded to the pipe extremities. In the present article, various joining techniques for FRP piping through adhesive bonding are discussed, and damage mechanisms under different loading conditions are examined.

A Probabilistic Strength Prediction Method for Adhesively Bonded Joints Composed of Wooden Adherends

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 533-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hehl ◽  
Till Vallée ◽  
Thomas Tannert ◽  
Yu Bai
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Strength Prediction ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Statistical Variation

Joining timber structural elements using mechanical fasteners goes against the anisotropic and fibrous nature of the material. Adhesive bonding is by far better adapted, since it permits a smoother load transfer. However, the strength prediction of adhesively bonded wooden joints is difficult brittle nature of the adherends, the complex stress distribution as well as the uncertainties regarding the associated material resistance. As a contribution to help close this research gap, the authors have carried out experimental and analytical investigations on adhesively bonded double lap joints composed of timber. This paper describes the experimental and numerical results and suggests a probabilistic method for the strength prediction of joints composed of brittle adherends and adhesives. The method considers the scale sensitivity of material strength modelled using a Weibull statistical function, and considers both the statistical variation and the size effect in the strength of the material. The probabilistic method presents a mechanical explanation for the increased resistance of local zones subjected to high strain or stress peaks.

Experimental Research on Fatigue Behavior of Adhesively Bonded Steel Single-Lap Joints

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Jiang ◽  
Miroslaw (Mirek) Lech Kaminski
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Loading Frequency ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Marine Structures ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Adhesive Bonds

The introduction of aluminum, Fiber-Reinforced Plastics (FRP), and other new materials to the shipbuilding industry has meant that joining materials with adhesive bonds has become a promising alternative to welding. However, unlike the aerospace and automotive industries, the application of adhesive bonds in ship structures remains sporadic because of limited practical knowledge, relatively high amplitude cyclic loads, and a severely corrosive marine environment. In order to investigate the potential of adhesive bonding for marine structures, representative structural details have been selected and tested. The present paper discusses the results of a series of fatigue tests on steel single-lap adhesively bonded joints, including the effects of loading frequency, stress level, and random fatigue loading. These results will be used to construct a guide for the design of adhesive bonding in marine structures.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Failure Analysis of Adhesive Composite Joints

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Asgari Mehrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Strain Energy Release ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Pure Mode ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Mode I Loading

In the first section of this work, a suitable data reduction scheme is developed to measure the adhesive joints strain energy release rate under pure mode-I loading, and in the second section, three types of adhesive hybrid lap-joints, that is, Aluminum-GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic), GFRP-GFRP, and Steel-GFRP were employed in the determination of adhesive hybrid joints strengths and failures that occur at these assemblies under tension loading. To achieve the aims, Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) was used to evaluate the fracture state under the mode-I loading (opening mode) and also hybrid lap-joint was employed to investigate the failure load and strength of bonded joints. The finite-element study was carried out to understand the stress intensity factors in DCB test to account fracture toughness using J-integral method as a useful tool for predicting crack failures. In the case of hybrid lap-joint tests, a numerical modeling was also performed to determine the adhesive stress distribution and stress concentrations in the side of lap-joint. Results are discussed in terms of their relationship with adhesively bonded joints and thus can be used to develop appropriate approaches aimed at using adhesive bonding and extending the lives of adhesively bonded repairs for aerospace structures.

Experimental Study of Dynamic Behaviour of Aluminum/Aluminum and Composite/Composite Double Lap Joints

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Essersi ◽  
Mostapha Tarfaoui ◽  
S. Boyd ◽  
R.A. Shenoi ◽  
F. Meraghni
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Adhesively Bonded Joints ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Structural Adhesive ◽  
Force Displacement

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the behaviour of structural adhesive bonding under quasi-static and moderately high loading rates. It addresses the effects of the loading rate on the strength of the adhesively bonded joints under dynamic tensile. A comparison has been achieved between the strength and the damage of specimens’ made of aluminium and lamina substrates. High rate tests showed ringing in the force/displacement curves.

scholarly journals Quantification of the Effects of Strain Rate and Nano-Reinforcement on the Performance of Adhesively Bonded Single-Lap Joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. S1-S19
Author(s):  
B. Soltannia ◽  
K. Duke ◽  
F. Taheri ◽  
P. Mertiny
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Single Lap Joints

The aim of this study is to present an efficient and effective technique to strategically investigate and classify the influence of a set of manipulated parameters that affect the mechanical properties and performance of adhesively bonded joints formed by an adhesive that is reinforced by various types of carbon nanoparticles (NPs). Specifically, single-lap joints (SLJs) are considered in this study. The selected parameters include the adherend types (i.e., carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) and glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRPs)), three types of nanoparticles (i.e., carbon nanofibers (CNFs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)), different weight-percent (wt.%) of GNPs (i.e., 0, 0.5, 1%), and three different strain (or loading) rates, classified as static, quasi-static and impact loadings, herein. The study employed two mixed-level full factorial design of experiments (DOE) to evaluate the contribution of the aforementioned parameters, including the effect of their interactions on the enhancement of the averaged ultimate shear strength (AUSS) of the SLJs. The DOE study was conducted using the strength data (AUSS) obtained through testing of 108 SLJ specimens. The results indicate that among the considered parameters, NPs (wt%), adherend type, and strain rate had a greater effect on AUSS. According to the DOE conducted in this study, the greatest AUSS (19.9 MPa) could be obtained when 1.0 wt% GNP was used to reinforce the SLJs with CFRP adherend and subjected to the highest strain rate (HSR). This combination yielded a 32% enhanced AUSS compared to the SLJs formed by the neat adhesive.

Normalized strength reserve principle for variable amplitude fatigue life prediction of adhesively bonded aluminium joints/Normalisiertes Festigkeitsreserve-Prinzip für die Vorhersage der Lebensdauer von geklebten Aluminiumverbindungen bei variablen Lastamplituden

Bauingenieur ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (05) ◽  
pp. 184-192
Author(s):  
Nenad Stojkovic ◽  
Radomir Folic
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Variable Amplitude ◽  
Strength Reserve ◽  
Variable Amplitude Fatigue

Abstract Over the last several decades, adhesive bonding has been validated as a good alternative to traditional joining methods in metallic construction. On the other hand, the main factor that limits the wider use of structural adhesives in civil engineering industry is scepticism about their long-term performance, especially when subjected to variable amplitude fatigue loading. Most of the research on predicting the fatigue life of adhesive joints subjected to this type of loading dealt with composite adherends. In this paper, straightforward method for prediction of strength degradation and fatigue failure under random spectrum loading is presented and validated for the case of adhesively bonded single lap joints made of aluminium adherends. It is based on the normalized strength reserve principle, proposed by the same authors in their previous research. The normalized strength reserve model is expanded to the case of variable amplitude fatigue, incorporating the cycle mix parameter in order to account for load interaction effects. Very good agreement was obtained between the fatigue life predictions of the presented method and experimental results from the literature.

Finite Element Analysis of Adhesively Bonded Single-Lap Joints

2010 ◽  
Vol 129-131 ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong He
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Single Lap Joints ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Bonding Technique

Adhesive bonding is a high-speed fastening technique which is suitable for joining advanced lightweight sheet materials that are dissimilar, coated and hard to weld. Major advances have been made in recent years in adhesive bonding technique. Latest literature relating to finite element analysis (FEA) of adhesively bonded single-lap joints (SLJs) is reviewed in this paper. The recent development in FEA of SLJs is described with particular reference to three major factors that influence the success of adhesive bonding technique: failure mechanism, environmental effects and mechanical behavior. The main FE methods used in FEA of SLJs are discussed and illustrated with brief case studies from the literature. Areas where further useful progress can be made are also identified.

scholarly journals Defects and uncertainties of adhesively bonded composite joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadik Omairey ◽  
Nithin Jayasree ◽  
Mihalis Kazilas
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Adhesively Bonded Joints ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bonded Composite

AbstractThe increasing use of fibre reinforced polymer composite materials in a wide range of applications increases the use of similar and dissimilar joints. Traditional joining methods such as welding, mechanical fastening and riveting are challenging in composites due to their material properties, heterogeneous nature, and layup configuration. Adhesive bonding allows flexibility in materials selection and offers improved production efficiency from product design and manufacture to final assembly, enabling cost reduction. However, the performance of adhesively bonded composite structures cannot be fully verified by inspection and testing due to the unforeseen nature of defects and manufacturing uncertainties presented in this joining method. These uncertainties can manifest as kissing bonds, porosity and voids in the adhesive. As a result, the use of adhesively bonded joints is often constrained by conservative certification requirements, limiting the potential of composite materials in weight reduction, cost-saving, and performance. There is a need to identify these uncertainties and understand their effect when designing these adhesively bonded joints. This article aims to report and categorise these uncertainties, offering the reader a reliable and inclusive source to conduct further research, such as the development of probabilistic reliability-based design optimisation, sensitivity analysis, defect detection methods and process development.

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