Thermal, Electrical, and Thermoelectric Measurements by Scanning Probe Microscopy

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Miner ◽  
Michael Chapp ◽  
Deyu Li ◽  
Arun Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Scanning Thermal Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Thermoelectric Measurements ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

This work brings together aspects of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SRM) into a single tool for thermoelectric measurement. The measurement tool presented here allows simultaneous electrical and thermal measurement of samples using a probe tip of radius on the order of 50 nm. Thermal and mechanical design allow topographic resolution on the order of 4Å while minimizing detrimental heat flow from the probe to sample. This tool integrates sensors allowing for heat flux measurement and control, enabling a variety of thermal, electrical and thermoelectric measurements. Preliminary thermal and electrical measurements of bismuth telluride nanowire arrays demonstrate the capabilities of this scanning probe design.

Mechanical Design and Analysis of an Intelligent Oil Well Sensory System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Salmasi ◽  
Aghil Yousefi-Koma ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Soorgee
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
High Price ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

Optimal revenue of oil and gas fields is of interest due to high price and limited amount of these sources of energy. In this way, smart well technology provides a numerous range of benefits and for these great advantageous is widely used in oil/gas industry. This technology involves down-hole measurement and control of well bore and reservoir flow. One of the most important down-hole control subsystems in a smart well is pressure and temperature sensing system which can help the reservoir being modeled accurately. The purpose of this paper is to design and analysis a new sensory package for a desired oil well. A brief review of the advantages of fiber optic sensing technology in smart well control system is performed. Having studied several possibilities of installation systems for sensors, a new arrangement and casing for temperature/pressure sensor is developed here. Effect of pressure and temperature on stress distribution in the casing has been investigated and a suitable casing is obtained.

Advances in Rtp Temperature Measurement and Control

1998 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Peuse ◽  
Gary Miner ◽  
Mark Yam ◽  
Curtis Elia
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Spectral Emissivity ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Wafer Temperature ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

ABSTRACTThis paper reviews work to develop and improve the temperature measurement and control technology of a commercial rapid thermal processing (RTP) system. A description of the main features of this system is given, which includes a concentric multi-zone lamp heating source, multi-point temperature measurement system and real time wafer temperature control. Innovations in RTP optical thermometry are described which resulted in improved low temperature performance, a real time spectral emissivity measurement tool which enables emissivity independent temperature measurement and an improved temperature calibration capability. The multi-input multi-output (MIMO) optimal wafer temperature control methodology is discussed. Process results demonstrating an equivalent process temperature performance of 4°C, 3-sigma, all-points-all-wafers will be presented.

A Reagent Dispense Verification System for a Fully-Automated, Amplified Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Instrument

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Kennedy ◽  
Raul Pacheco ◽  
John Van Doorn ◽  
Rommel Hipolito
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Diagnostic Instrument ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Verification System ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

Amplified nucleic acid diagnostics have brought extraordinarily powerful biochemical tools to bear on screening for and diagnosing infectious diseases. For example, current assays routinely permit the detection of 100 particles of human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus in one mL of blood. Such assays are used for screening the blood supply. To permit reliable automation of these complex and sensitive assays fluidic measurement and control systems are required. Such controls are needed to ensure that correct reagents are reliably dispensed into the reaction tubes. In this paper we will review the design and performance of a prototype Reagent Dispense Verification system for use on a fully-automated, amplified, nucleic acid diagnostic instrument. The system design utilizes hydraulic pressure drop and conductivity as the primary dispense parameters. In addition to the dispense verification function, the system provides a capacitive liquid level sensing function. The pipetting probe design and manufacturing process provide two conductive surfaces separated by an electrically insulating gap over which conductivity is measured. Hydraulic pressure drop is measured with an in-line, flow-through pressure transducer. The time-varying pressure and conductivity signals are used to classify each dispense operation as acceptable or not. Overall system performance data are presented demonstrating the viability of the design.

2. Measurement and Control of Airborne Microorganisms Using Electrostatic Methods

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mainelis ◽  
R. Gorny ◽  
K. Willeke ◽  
S. Grinshpun ◽  
T. Reponen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Microorganisms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control
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